题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around, and judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army, I’m not alone in my opinion.
First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. Your legs and feet need a real pounding（追击）running down a road for two or three miles. I developed foot, leg, and back problems. Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of a heart attack while jogging, and I had something else to worry about. Jogging doesn’t kill hundreds of people, but if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.
Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging. Putting one foot in front of the other for forty-five minutes isn’t my idea of fun. Jogging is also a lonely pastime. Some joggers say, “I love being out there with just my thoughts” Well, my thoughts began to bore me, and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.
And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain? And that wasn’t just the first week: it was practically every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isn’t fun. What a cruel way to do it! So many other exercises, including walking, lead to almost the same results painlessly, so why jog?
I don’t jog any more, and I don’t think I ever will. I’m walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace, and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the weather is good. I’m getting exercise, and I’m enjoying it at the same time. I could never say the same for jogging, and I’ve found a lot of better ways to stay in shape.
小题1:From the first paragraph, we learn that in the writer’s neighborhood ______.
| A．jogging became very popular |
| B．people jogged only during the daytime |
| C．Alex organized an army of joggers |
| D．jogging provided a chance to get together |
| A．heart attacks | B．Back problems |
| C．famous joggers | D．physical weaknesses |
| A．He felt it was worth a try. |
| B．He was very fond of it. |
| C．He was strongly against it. |
| D．He thought it must be painful. |
| A．He disliked doing exercise outside. |
| B．He found it neither healthy nor interesting. |
| C．He was afraid of having a heart attack. |
| D．He was worried about being left alone. |
| A．not everyone enjoys jogging |
| B．he is the only person who hates jogging |
| C．nothing other than jogging can help people keep fit |
| D．jogging makes people feel greater than any other sport. |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:A
解析
试题分析：小题1:A 细节题。根据文章第一段1,2行my neighborhood was taken ever by an army of joggers. They were there all the time: early morning, noon, and evening.说明社区里慢跑的人特别多，故A正确。
小题2:D 推理题。根据本句if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.说明慢跑能把你的physical weaknesses带出来，故D正确。
小题3:A 推理题。根据第二段1,2行I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more.说明在开始的时候作者认真的对待慢跑，想试着准备跑两个月，故A正确。
小题4:.Ｂ推理题。根据3,4两段。第三段第一行First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. 和第四段第一行Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging说明他认为慢跑对身体有害也没有快乐，故B正确。
小题5:A 总结归纳题。根据文章内容可知一些人认为慢跑很好，而像作者这样的人却认为慢跑没有意义，故并不是所有的人都喜欢慢跑，故A正确。
点评：文章介绍了在作者的社区里有很多人开始了慢跑，刚开始的时候作者也加入了，不过后来作者发现慢跑也有很多的缺点。要求考生仔细阅读，注意作者的对话中的言外之意，把握每一段的中心思想。
核心考点
试题【For a while, my neighborhood was taken ever by an army of joggers. They were the】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
According to a recent study, however, if you really think about it, something about that simple answer doesn’t quite make sense. In fact, it turns out that sometimes it’s having will power that really gets you into trouble.
Think back to the time you took your very first sip of beer. Disgusting, wasn’t it? When my father gave me my first taste of beer as a teenager, I wondered why anyone would voluntarily drink it. And smoking? No one enjoys their first cigarette — it tastes awful. So even though smoking, and drinking alcohol or coffee, can become temptation(attraction) you need will power to resist, they never, ever start out that way.
Just getting past those first horrible experiences actually requires a lot of self-control. Ironically (讽刺的是), only those who can control themselves well, rather than give in to them, can ever come to someday develop a “taste” for Budweiser beer, Marlboro cigarettes, or dark-roasted Starbucks coffee. We do it for social acceptance. We force ourselves to consume alcohol, cigarettes, coffee and even illegal drugs, in order to seem experienced, grown-up, and cool.
These bad habits aren’t self-control failures — far from it. They are voluntary choices, and they are in fact self-control successes. Self-control is simply a tool to be put to some use, helpful or harmful. To live happy and productive lives, we need to develop not only our self-control, but also the wisdom to make good decisions about when and where to apply it.
小题1:What do most people think causes bad behavior?
| A．Being forced by others. | B．Not having enough will power. |
| C．Enjoying their first experiences. | D．Following the examples of their friends. |
| A．will power helps develop bad habits sometimes |
| B．drinking beer is harmful to the health of teenagers |
| C．self-control should be developed when one is young |
| D．everyone can be challenged by different temptations |
| A．without self-control, no one can succeed |
| B．bad habits don’t always lead to bad results |
| C．applying self-control correctly is important |
| D．people can develop wisdom from bad behavior |
| A．My First Sip of Beer | B．Do You Have Will Power ? |
| C．Will Power Benefits Us | D．Dark Side of Self-control |
Cancer-prone mice fed the modified fruit lived significantly longer than animals fed a standard diet with and without regular tomatoes, Cathie Martin and colleagues at
the government-funded John Innes Center in Britain reported. “The effect was much bigger than we had expected.” said Martin, a plant biologist.
The study focused on anthocyanins，a type of antioxidant found in berries such as blackberries and blackcurrants that have been shown to lower risk of cancer, heart diseases and some neurological diseases. While an easy way to improve health, many people don’t eat enough of these fruits, the researchers said. Using genes from the snapdragon flower, the researchers discovered they could get the tomatoes to make anthocyanins---- turning the tomato purple in the process.
Mice genetically engineered to develop cancer lived an average of 182 days when they were fed the purple tomatoes, compared to 142 days for animals on the standard diet. “It is greatly encouraging to believe that by changing diet, or specific components in the diet. You can improve health in animals and possibly humans.” Martin said in a telephone interview.
The researchers warned that trials in humans are a long way off and the next step is to investigate( look into) how the antioxidants actually affect the tumors to promote better health. But the findings do support the formal research suggesting that people can significantly improve their health by making simple changes to the daily diet, other researchers said.
“It’s exciting to see new techniques that could potentially make healthy foods even better for us.” said Doctor Lara Bennett, science information office at Cancer Research UK. “ But it is too early to say whether anthocyanins obtained through diet could help to reduce the risk of cancer.”
小题1:The text mainly tells us _________.
| A．what can prevent people from having cancer. |
| B．Scientists have developed cancer- fighting tomato. |
| C．ways to live much longer have been found by scientists. |
| D．genetically engineered food is good for people’s health. |
| A．change | B．reduce | C．support | D．test |
| A．Blackberries and blackcurrants can lower risk of cancer. |
| B．The anthocyanins can make the purple tomatoes grow stronger. |
| C．Genes from snapdragon flowers can be put into common tomatoes. |
| D．Mice fed the modified fruit lived longer than the common ones. |
| A．are not certain now. |
| B．have been proved |
| C．are very harmful |
| D．are hard to be tested |
The Slow Food movement was founded the day that an Italian journalist, Carlo Petrini, saw that McDonald’s had opened a restaurant in a beautiful square in Rome. He thought it was sad that many people today live too quickly to sit down for a proper meal and only eat much fast food. He decided that he had to try to do something about it and so he started the Slow Food movement. Slow Food has become a global organization ever since and now has more than 80,000 members in 100 countries.
Slow Food also encourages people to eat local and regional food, to use local shops and markets, to eat out in small family restaurants, and to cook with traditional recipes.
The idea of Slow Cities was inspired by the Slow Food movement. The aim of Slow Cities is to improve people’s quality of life. Towns which want to become a Slow City have to reduce traffic and noise, increase the number of green areas, plant trees, build pedestrian zones, and promote local businesses and traditions. Now it has spread to other countries all over the world, from the UK to Japan and Australia. There are now 135 Slow Cities in 24 countries across the world that have been named since founding of the organization in 1999. Gao Chun County, in east China’s Jiangsu Province, is expected to be named the first “Slow City” in China next year.
“Slow Cities are about having a community life in the town,” said a local resident. “It is not ‘slow’ as in ‘stupid’. It is ‘slow’ as in the opposite of ‘worried’ and ‘stressful’.”
But not everybody is happy. For teenagers, who have to go 25km to Norwich, the nearest city, to buy CDs, living in a Slow City is not very attractive. “It’s all right here,” says Lewis Cook, 16. “But if you want excitement, you have to go to Norwich. We need more things here for young people.”
小题1:What’s the aim of the Slow Food movement?
| A．To call on people to eat out. |
| B．To make people enjoy cooking. |
| C．To drive McDonald’s out of Rome |
| D．To encourage people to slow down. |
| A．reducing traffic and noise |
| B．increasing the number of green areas |
| C．building more department stores |
| D．promoting local businesses and traditions |
| A．the Slow Food was founded in 1999 |
| B．there is no Slow City in China now |
| C．Slow Cities are mainly in the UK |
| D．there are about 24 Slow Cities in the world |
| A．Positive | B．Neutral | C．Negative | D．Indifferent |
| A．Slow down and you’ll move fast |
| B．Time flies never to be recalled. |
| C．Eat slowly and you’ll be healthy. |
| D．Pay attention to the quality of life. |
But for many people, the thought of food as the first thing in the morning is never a pleasure. So in spite of all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures could be obtained, the number of people who didn’t have breakfast increased by 33%—from 8.8 million to 11.7 million—according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America.
For those who dislike eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years have shown that, for grown-ups especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect work,” said Arnold E. Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve work.”
Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better work is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children, not grown-ups. “The literature,” says one researcher, Dr Earnest Polite at the University of Texas, “is poor.”
小题1:The main idea of the passage is that _______.
| A．breakfast has nothing to do with people"s health |
| B．a good breakfast used to be important to us |
| C．breakfast is not as important to us as gasoline to a car |
| D．breakfast is not as important as we thought before |
| A．several studies have been done in the past few years |
| B．the omission of breakfast has little effect on one’s work |
| C．grown-ups have especially made studies in this field |
| D．eating little in the morning is good for health |
| A．people without breakfast can improve their work |
| B．not giving people breakfast improves work |
| C．having breakfast does not improve work, either |
| D．people having breakfast do improve their work, too |
| A．stories, poems, play, etc |
| B．written works on a particular subject |
| C．newspaper articles |
| D．the modern literature of America |
| A．breakfast does not affect work |
| B．Dr Polite works at an institution of higher learning |
| C．not eating breakfast might affect the health of children |
| D．Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in London |
The average IQ for a non-smoker was about 101, while the smokers’ average was more than seven IQ points lower, at about 94, the study determined. The IQs of young men who smoked more than a pack a day were lower still, at about 90. An IQ score in a healthy population of such young men, with no mental disorders(心理疾病), falls within the range of 84 to 116.
An addiction that doesn’t discriminate(歧视)
“In the health profession, we’ve generally thought that smokers are most likely the kind of people who have grown up in difficult neighborhoods, or who’ve been given less education at good schools,” says Weiser, whose study was reported in a recent version of the journal, Addiction, “But because our study included subjects with various socio-economic backgrounds, we’ve been able to rule out socio-economics as a major factor. The government might want to rethink how it arranges its educational resources on smoking.
Making the results more significant, the study also measured effects in twin brothers. In the case where one twin smoked, the non-smoking twin registered a higher IQ on average.
Although a lower IQ may suggest a greater risk for smoking addiction, the representing data on IQ and smoking found that most of the smokers investigated in the study had IQs within the average range, nevertheless.
In the study, researchers took data from more than 20,000 men before, during and after their time in the military. All men in the study were considered in good health, since pre-screening(筛选的)measures for suitability in the army had already been taken. The researchers found that around 28 percent of their samples smoked one or more cigarettes a day, 3 percent considered themselves ex-smokers, and 68 percent said they never smoked.
“People on the lower end of the average IQ tend to display poorer overall decision-making skills when it comes to their health,” says Weiser. He adds that his finding can help address serious concern among heath counsellors at grade and high schools.
小题1:The study led by Professor Mark Weiser shows that .
| A．the IQ of smoking males is lower than that of non-smokers |
| B．the IQ of smoking males is higher than that of non-smokers |
| C．the IQ of smoking males is the same as that of non-smokers |
| D．the IQ of smoking males is higher than that of female smokers |
| A．101 | B．94 | C．80 | D．120 |
| A．People in the military are more likely to become smokers than other people. |
| B．Most heavy smokers are found to have mental problems. |
| C．Socio-economic backgrounds have nothing to do with smoking behaviour. |
| D．People with lower IQs tend to be less good at controlling their addiction to smoking. |
| A．Smokers do not believe their IQ is affected by being addicted to smoking. |
| B．All people, no matter what their background, can become addicted to smoking. |
| C．Smoking is an addiction, and we must not discriminate against smokers. |
| D．The addiction to smoking is difficult to get rid of. |
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