题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Most people know that awkward feeling when you shuffle(拖着鞋走)into an elevator with other people and try not to make eye contact.
But new research suggests it may be down to a subconscious power struggle being played out as you make your way up or down.
A study found that people decide where they stand based on a micro social hierarchy,established within seconds of entering the lift.
Rebekah Rousi,a Ph.D.student in cognitive science,conducted all ethnographic study of elevator behaviour in two of the tallest office buildings in Adelaide,Australia.
As part of her research,she took a total of 30 lift rides in the two buildings,and discovered there was an established order to where people tended to stand.
In a blog for Ethnography Matters,she writes that more senior men seemed to direct themselves towards the back of the elevator cabins.
She said,“In front of them were younger men,and in front of them were women of all ages.”
She also noticed there was a difference in where people directed their gaze half way through the ride.
Men watched the monitors,looked in the side mirrors(in one building)to see themselves,and in the door mirrors(of the other building)to also watch others.
Women would watch the monitors and avoid eye contact with other users(unless in conversation)and the mirrors,she writes.
The doctorate student concluded it could be that people who are shyer stand toward the front,where they can’t see other passengers,whereas bolder people stand in the back,where they have a view of everyone else.
小题1:According to the passage,where do women likes to stand in the lift?
A.At the back. | B.At the front. |
C.In the middle. | D.On the right. |
A.The manner people went into the lift. |
B.The limited space in the lift. |
C.The subconscious power struggle. |
D.The micro social hierarchy. |
A.To enjoy the tallest office building. |
B.To make a study of elevator behavior. |
C.To go to work there. |
D.To experience the ride by elevator. |
A.Women are more attentive than men in the lift. |
B.Both women and men like to watch the monitors in the lift. |
C.The shyer you are,the more likely you are to stand at the back in the lift. |
D.Why where you stand in the lift reflects your social status. |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:D
解析
试题分析:
电梯里会自动形成一个微型等级环境。年纪大的人会靠后站,这样他们能看到电梯里的每一个人;青年男子会站在电梯间的中间,而女性则站在靠电梯门的地方。
小题1:细节题。由第一段More senior men stand at the back,young men in the middle and women of all ages at the front 一句可知,女性会站在电梯靠门的地方。选择B项。
小题2:细节题。由第三段But new research suggests it (the awkward feeling)may be down to a subconscious power struggle…一句可知, 走进电梯间时窘迫的感觉来自潜意识中的“权力斗争”。be down to sth.:本文意为:最终归结为。故C项正确。
小题3:细节题。由第五段Rebekah Rousi … conducted all ethnographic study of elevator behaviour in two of the tallest office buildings in Adelaide,Australia 一句可知,她在两栋高楼电梯里观察人们的行为。故选B项。
小题4:主旨大意题。A项文中无依据;B,C项只是文章的细节性事实。本文描述了电梯里的等级现象并阐述了原因:靠后站是因为胆大或心理强势,考前站是因为腼腆或心理弱势。故D项正确。
核心考点
试题【According to new research,there could be a social hierarchy(等级)attached to where】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
I spent the summer working with my vet to find things to help Toto,but nothing works.Since we can’t stand the smell of cat urine in the house,two weeks ago I took drastic measures.I banished Toto outside.(She gets to come in while I work,but I put her out for 80%of the day and night.)
Because Toto now lives outside,she eats and drinks outside.I’ ve set up a heating pad on the porch.and given her own food and water area nearby.She seems perfectly content with this arrangement except when she’s out of food,or she wants to be petted.
Strangely enough,she’s been out of food a lot lately.“I think another cat is eating Toto’s food.”I told Kris when I first noticed how quickly she was going through her bowl.
“Actually,”I said a couple of days later,“maybe it’s a dog.Whoever is eating Toto’s food keeps knocking the bowl over.”
But a few days after that,I realized that the food thief probably wasn’t even a dog.Whatever the critter(动物)was,it was messy. Every morning,Toto’s water dish was filled with mud.The food bowl was tipped over and the porch scattered with mud and debris(残渣).“I’ ll bet it’s a coon(浣熊),”I told Kris.Though we live in a residential neighborhood not far from Portland,we’ ve seen plenty of raccoons in the six years since we moved in.
Today I got to see the cat-food thievery first-hand.Turns out it’s not one raccoon-it’s a family of four.I was lucky enough to have my camera handy as they performed their daring raid:My favorite part of this video is how Toto simply sits on her heating pad and watches the raccoons eat her food.She isn’t bothered at all.
小题1:Which of the following about Toto is true?
A.She is physically sharp. |
B.She is at least sixteen years old. |
C.She can’t use a litter box properly. |
D.She stays outside all the while recently. |
A.drove away or forced somebody or something to leave |
B.put away or stored something |
C.protected somebody or something from being harmed |
D.threw something away |
A.How Toto fought against the raccoons. |
B.A family of raccoons stole the food together. |
C.Toto’s casual attitude toward the raccoons. |
D.How the raccoons made the writer’s porch dirty. |
A.My Aged Cat | B.A Banished Cat |
C.An Unforgettable Experience | D.The Raccoons on My Porch |
The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter,and change throughout life.Most of us can,at very high speed,assume the statuses that various situations require.Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us.This means that we fit our actions to those of other people,based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation.Although some of us find the task more difficult than others.most of us perform it rather effortlessly.
A status has been compared to ready-made clothes.Within certain limits the buyer can choose style and fabric.But an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince.We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society.Further more,our choice is limited to a size that will fit,as well as by our pocketbook.Having made a choice within these limits,we can have certain alterations made,but apart from minor adjustments.We tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks.Statuses too come ready made,and the range of choice among them is limited.
小题1:In the first paragraph the writer tells us that statuses can help us_________.
A.protect ourselves in unfamiliar situations |
B.make friends with other people |
C.determine whether a person is fit for a certain job |
D.behave appropriately in relation to other people |
A.in order to identify themselves with others |
B.as the situation changes |
C.in order to better identify others |
D.as their mental processes change |
A.judgment | B.appreciation | C.involvement | D.presentation |
A.identification of other people’s statuses |
B.fitting our actions to those of other people appropriately |
C.selecting one’s own statuses |
D.constant mental process |
A.different people have different styles of clothes |
B.ready-made clothes may need alterations |
C.our choice of statuses is limited |
D.statuses come ready made just like clothes |
The time that is spent gardening together builds precious memories within their hearts and minds for years to come. When you are gardening with your children, try to give them their own special area. Keep their area in the center of the best soil and light, as you want to make sure of a successful gardening experience.
Plastic tools easily break and are difficult to use in the dirt, so when you are gardening with your children, give them real tools to use if possible. Even offering to let them use your tools is a way to admit the worth of the work they are doing. It is also important to talk with your children about the whole process of gardening, from planting to the harvest. They need to understand how things work and the importance of what they are doing.
Show off the children’s gardening work by taking friends and visitors for a walking tour through the garden and point out the children’s particular spot. When you give attention to the children’s work, this is a great motivation(动机) for children to continue wanting to be involved. Do not force children to take part when they are in a bad mood or if they are becoming bored. Instead, allow them to do something different, like building a scarecrow(稻草人)! This makes the gardening experience even more interesting. As you work together side by side with your children, you will encourage a love of the land in them, as well as create lasting memories of time spent with you.
小题1:What is the text mainly about?
A.Teaching children how to garden. |
B.Giving children the chance to show off |
C.Helping children realize the importance of work. |
D.Sharing the joy of gardening with children. |
A.It makes your friends believe your children are smart. |
B.It helps you gain more confidence in your children. |
C.It encourages children to continue doing such work. |
D.It attracts your friends to take part in your gardening. |
A.Children | B.Parents | C.Farmers | D.Teachers |
Thus, some companies are planning to give all of their music away for free. The music will be totally free except that you will have to pay with your time by watching advertisements. This will be perfect for those who have lots of time but little money.
The Web has encouraged a belief that things can be free, or at least very cheap. It seems that everyone is looking for a good deal on the Web. The desire for free objects is part of the nature of the Web because the Web is about self-service and self-service is all about being free, cheap, fast and convenient. It’s interesting how words change their meaning. Stealing has now become file sharing, but it’s not really stealing, is it?
Free is a funny word. We all know that very little is really for free. If we go searching on the Web for free music, we know—or should know—that there are risks involved. However, it doesn’t matter. We still want free things, or at least the sense that we’re getting a real bargain and that at a minimum we’re saving time.
What can be the worst experience on the Web? A site that charges us high prices and wastes our time.
小题1:What is the best title for the text?
A.The Nature of the Web | B.The Web and the Culture of “ Free” |
C.Stealing and File Sharing | D.What Does the Word “ Free” Mean? |
A.Their music is not popular and is out of date. |
B.Most people have lots of time but little money. |
C.Their music can’t be sold new or for a low price. |
D.They can earn money from the advertisements added in the music. |
A.Risky behaviour | B.Stealing | C.File sharing | D.For fun. |
In many cities, there are adult classes in the public schools. You can attend many of these classes without having to pay money. In some schools you may have to pay a small fee. There are also many kinds of private schools for adults.
In addition to schools, many industries and unions conduct on-the-job training programs. In these programs you hear about new ideas and learn new skills. Many large companies will send a worker to school if he or she has ability.
Many job opportunities are offered to those who wish to work. It helps if you know more than one language. There are good jobs for interpreters and typists who know English and another language.
There are many good jobs in government. In most cases, you must be a citizen of this country, and you must take a civil service examination. These examinations are open to everyone, regardless of race, religion, or color.
For many civil service jobs you need a high school diploma. The person who does not have a high school diploma can get one. There are several ways. You can study high school subjects at home and then take special tests. If you pass the tests, then you get a diploma. Or you can go to night school. There are classes that prepare you to take special tests to earn a diploma.
You can attend a night school that grants a high school diploma if you complete certain courses. If you do this, you do not have to take the special test.
Be as well trained as you can. Get as much training as you can. Opportunity knocks at every door. Be sure that when it knocks at your door you are ready.
小题1:According to the article, if you want to live a better life, you have to get__________.
A.some time | B.an education | C.new ideas | D.new jobs |
A.difficult | B.easy | C.free | D.new |
A.Civil service jobs are offered to everyone. |
B.Only a citizen can apply for a government job. |
C.Training programs are often poorly organized. |
D.Large companies will send most of their workers to school. |
A.well-trained people are often out of work |
B.typists who know English earn much more money |
C.one can work on a high school diploma at home |
D.the person without a high school diploma can also get a civil service job |
A.take special tasks | B.complete certain courses |
C.get more training | D.get a diploma |
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