题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter，and change throughout life．Most of us can，at very high speed，assume the statuses that various situations require．Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us．This means that we fit our actions to those of other people，based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation．Although some of us find the task more difficult than others．most of us perform it rather effortlessly．
A status has been compared to ready－made clothes．Within certain limits the buyer can choose style and fabric．But an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince．We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society．Further more，our choice is limited to a size that will fit，as well as by our pocketbook．Having made a choice within these limits，we can have certain alterations made，but apart from minor adjustments．We tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks．Statuses too come ready made，and the range of choice among them is limited．
小题1:In the first paragraph the writer tells us that statuses can help us_________．
| A．protect ourselves in unfamiliar situations |
| B．make friends with other people |
| C．determine whether a person is fit for a certain job |
| D．behave appropriately in relation to other people |
| A．in order to identify themselves with others |
| B．as the situation changes |
| C．in order to better identify others |
| D．as their mental processes change |
| A．judgment | B．appreciation | C．involvement | D．presentation |
| A．identification of other people’s statuses |
| B．fitting our actions to those of other people appropriately |
| C．selecting one’s own statuses |
| D．constant mental process |
| A．different people have different styles of clothes |
| B．ready－made clothes may need alterations |
| C．our choice of statuses is limited |
| D．statuses come ready made just like clothes |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:C
解析
试题分析：
本文论述了身份在社会交往中的作用、身份认定随情况不同而变化以及人们的身份选择所受到的限制。
小题1:细节题。第一段Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we “fit”in society一句表明：身份或地位有助于人们认清相互关系、确定自己在社会中的位置，从而采取适合自己身份地位的行为方式。选择D项。
小题2:细节题。第二段The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter，and change throughout life 一句告诉读者：我们对自己身份的认定随我们面对的人士的不同而变化。故B项正确。
小题3:词义推断题。第二段Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us一段文字说的是，社会交往过程中，需要识别和选择合适身份、并让他人认定他们自己与我们相对应的身份。而这是一个解读和判断的过程，我们在该解读和判断的基础上调整我们自己的行为。故 A项正确。
小题4:细节题。第二段最后一句Although some of us find the task more difficult than others．most of us perform it rather effortlessly 中的it指的是从句中的task，也就是上文所说的 “根据解读和判断调整自己行为”。B项正确。
小题5:最后一段Statuses too come ready made，and the range of choice among them is limited是该段主题句，作者以挑选衣服作比喻，是为了说明我们的身份选择只能在一定范围内进行，因而是有限制的。C项正确。
核心考点
试题【Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one ano】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The time that is spent gardening together builds precious memories within their hearts and minds for years to come. When you are gardening with your children, try to give them their own special area. Keep their area in the center of the best soil and light, as you want to make sure of a successful gardening experience.
Plastic tools easily break and are difficult to use in the dirt, so when you are gardening with your children, give them real tools to use if possible. Even offering to let them use your tools is a way to admit the worth of the work they are doing. It is also important to talk with your children about the whole process of gardening, from planting to the harvest. They need to understand how things work and the importance of what they are doing.
Show off the children’s gardening work by taking friends and visitors for a walking tour through the garden and point out the children’s particular spot. When you give attention to the children’s work, this is a great motivation（动机） for children to continue wanting to be involved. Do not force children to take part when they are in a bad mood or if they are becoming bored. Instead, allow them to do something different, like building a scarecrow(稻草人)! This makes the gardening experience even more interesting. As you work together side by side with your children, you will encourage a love of the land in them, as well as create lasting memories of time spent with you.
小题1:What is the text mainly about?
| A．Teaching children how to garden. |
| B．Giving children the chance to show off |
| C．Helping children realize the importance of work. |
| D．Sharing the joy of gardening with children. |
| A．It makes your friends believe your children are smart. |
| B．It helps you gain more confidence in your children. |
| C．It encourages children to continue doing such work. |
| D．It attracts your friends to take part in your gardening. |
| A．Children | B．Parents | C．Farmers | D．Teachers |
Thus, some companies are planning to give all of their music away for free. The music will be totally free except that you will have to pay with your time by watching advertisements. This will be perfect for those who have lots of time but little money.
The Web has encouraged a belief that things can be free, or at least very cheap. It seems that everyone is looking for a good deal on the Web. The desire for free objects is part of the nature of the Web because the Web is about self-service and self-service is all about being free, cheap, fast and convenient. It’s interesting how words change their meaning. Stealing has now become file sharing, but it’s not really stealing, is it?
Free is a funny word. We all know that very little is really for free. If we go searching on the Web for free music, we know—or should know—that there are risks involved. However, it doesn’t matter. We still want free things, or at least the sense that we’re getting a real bargain and that at a minimum we’re saving time.
What can be the worst experience on the Web? A site that charges us high prices and wastes our time.
小题1:What is the best title for the text?
| A．The Nature of the Web | B．The Web and the Culture of “ Free” |
| C．Stealing and File Sharing | D．What Does the Word “ Free” Mean? |
| A．Their music is not popular and is out of date. |
| B．Most people have lots of time but little money. |
| C．Their music can’t be sold new or for a low price. |
| D．They can earn money from the advertisements added in the music. |
| A．Risky behaviour | B．Stealing | C．File sharing | D．For fun. |
In many cities, there are adult classes in the public schools. You can attend many of these classes without having to pay money. In some schools you may have to pay a small fee. There are also many kinds of private schools for adults.
In addition to schools, many industries and unions conduct on-the-job training programs. In these programs you hear about new ideas and learn new skills. Many large companies will send a worker to school if he or she has ability.
Many job opportunities are offered to those who wish to work. It helps if you know more than one language. There are good jobs for interpreters and typists who know English and another language.
There are many good jobs in government. In most cases, you must be a citizen of this country, and you must take a civil service examination. These examinations are open to everyone, regardless of race, religion, or color.
For many civil service jobs you need a high school diploma. The person who does not have a high school diploma can get one. There are several ways. You can study high school subjects at home and then take special tests. If you pass the tests, then you get a diploma. Or you can go to night school. There are classes that prepare you to take special tests to earn a diploma.
You can attend a night school that grants a high school diploma if you complete certain courses. If you do this, you do not have to take the special test.
Be as well trained as you can. Get as much training as you can. Opportunity knocks at every door. Be sure that when it knocks at your door you are ready.
小题1:According to the article, if you want to live a better life, you have to get__________.
| A．some time | B．an education | C．new ideas | D．new jobs |
| A．difficult | B．easy | C．free | D．new |
| A．Civil service jobs are offered to everyone. |
| B．Only a citizen can apply for a government job. |
| C．Training programs are often poorly organized. |
| D．Large companies will send most of their workers to school. |
| A．well-trained people are often out of work |
| B．typists who know English earn much more money |
| C．one can work on a high school diploma at home |
| D．the person without a high school diploma can also get a civil service job |
| A．take special tasks | B．complete certain courses |
| C．get more training | D．get a diploma |
Potential candidates must present papers stating their intention to seek their party’s recommendation; delegates(代表) then choose from among those running some months later at the national conferences. Before that, however, each state holds a primary election that determines how the state’s voters want the party’s delegates to vote. Methods of choosing the delegates vary from state to state. At the conferences, there are speeches and often heated discussions. It may take several rounds of voting before delegates can agree on a candidate. On the final day of the meeting, the presidential candidate announces his or her choice for vice president.
Election Day, by law, is the Tuesday that follows the first Monday in November. On this day, registered voters may cast their votes for president, vice president, and candidates for other federal state, and local offices. The popular vote, however, does not determine who will be president. The president is chosen by a vote of the Electoral College, a group of 538 citizens from the 50 states and the District of Columbia who are chosen to cast votes for the president and vice president.
The rules for choosing electors, as with the delegates, vary. Each state also decides whether its electoral votes must reflect the popular vote. The number of electors in each state is determined by the number of representatives and senators that a state sends to Congress and, therefore, may change every 10 years, depending on the results of the United States census (人口普查). The winner must get at least 270 of the electoral votes when the Electoral College meets in December of the election year. The election results are not official, however, until the following January, when Congress meets in a joint conference to count the electoral votes.
At the end of the road to the Oval Office is the swearing-in ceremony, at which the new or reelected president takes the oath of office on January 20.
小题1:Which of the following is not a requirement for candidates for the presidency of the USA?
| A．Minimum age of thirty-five years old. |
| B．Native of the United States of America. |
| C．Bottom residency of fourteen years in the State |
| D．Previous experience in an elective office. |
A. ways to select the delegates of each state are very much the same in the USA.
B. the candidate who wins the popular vote will be the winner of the election
C. the change of a state’s population barely has effects on the presidential election.
D. the presidents of the United States are theoretically picked by the citizens directly.
小题3:Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
| A．The Various Ways of Presidential Election in the USA |
| B．The Qualifications for Being the President of the USA |
| C．The Process of the Election for the President of the USA |
| D．The Rules for Choosing Presidential Candidates in the USA |
While remote workers may indeed be happier, more carefree and 3 , that doesn’t mean it’s good for their 4 . A company is more than just the work that needs to be done, plus the workers who are there to do it.
A healthy organization has a 5 that allows the sharing of values and ideas and the 6
of competitive spirit that allows a company to be flexible and creative.
However, working from home can fail to motivate remote workers in the same way as a/an
7 company environment. As a result, companies 8 — despite the increases in productivity and happiness that come with teleworking.
In work environments where co-workers socialize and have 9 lunchtime chats, some real learning gets done. A lot of information 10 takes place, which allows the very same workers to increase their 11 to the organization. There is something 12 about spending the time together, about sharing meals, about 13 ideas, and about asking.
Magical or not, the fact remains that teleworking generally doesn’t work well. As technological change 14 and marketplace pressures increase, companies need to become more flexible and creative, just to keep up.
Strange as it sounds, the very technology that made teleworking a real option is now requiring workers to remain in the 15 .
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