题目

题型：不详难度：来源：

D
Americans are pound of their variety- and individuality(多样性与个性), yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform（制服）, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity (身份) than to step out of uniform ?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible (可减税的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.
Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also dear to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.
小题1:It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality________.

A．still judge a man by his clothes

B．hold the uniform in such high regard

C．enjoy having a professional identity

D．will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform

小题2: People are used to thinking that a man in uniform________.

A．suggests quality work

B．discards his social identity

C．appears to be more practical

D．looks superior to a person in civilian clothes

小题3:The chief function of a uniform is to________.

A．provide practical benefits to the wearer

B．make the wearer catch the public eye

C．inspire the wearer’s confidence in himself

D．provide the wearer with a professional identity

小题4:According to the passage, people wearing uniforms________.

A．are usually helpful

B．have little or no individual freedom

C．tend to lose their individuality

D．enjoy greater popularity

答案

小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:D
小题4:D

解析

试题分析：本文讲述了在崇尚多样化的美国社会里，人们仍然非常喜欢制服，分析了具体的原因，并说明了制服的利弊。
小题1:B 推理题。根据第一段2，3行Americans are pound of their variety- and individuality(多样性与个性), yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform（制服）, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general.可知美国人十分喜欢制服这很奇怪，因为美国人崇尚多样化，故B正确。
小题2:D 细节题。根据文章第二段1,2行Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes.可知美国人认为穿制服的人看起来更职业，故D正确。
小题3:D 推理题。根据第二段最后3行What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity (身份) than to step out of uniform ?
可知制服让人很容易就辨认出穿着的人的身份。故D正确。
小题4:D 根据文章二段The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform.可知穿制服的人更受欢迎。
点评：本文讲述了在崇尚多样化的美国社会里，人们仍然非常喜欢制服，分析了具体的原因，并说明了制服的利弊。要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。