题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Anyway, here is another way around: to get a piece of chewing gum, and chew it. According to a Swinburne University of Technology study, gum-chewing has been found to “relieve anxiety, improve alertness(机敏性) and reduce stress among individuals in a laboratory setting.”
Some may argue that a laboratory is not the same as an office. But check out the conditions of the study: individuals were monitored while performing “a group of ‘multi-tasking’ activities.” Doesn’t it sound like the situation in the office?
Here’s a summary of some of the study’s findings:
Gum chewers showed a reduction in anxiety as compared to non-gum chewers by nearly 17 percent during mild stress and nearly 10 percent in appropriate stress.
Gum chewers showed improvement in alertness over non-gum chewers by nearly 19 percent during mild stress and 8 percent in moderate stress.
Improved Performance: Chewing gum resulted in a big improvement in overall performance on multi-tasking activities.
Although these aren’t major improvements, every little bit works and chewing a piece of gum is a lot quicker and easier than slipping outside for a 10-minute walk. So, how does gum work this magic? In part it does so by lowering the level of cortisol(皮质醇)—a steroid(类固醇) hormone that is released in response to stress in your system.
A few words of advice before you reach for the gum: don’t crack your gum, and be sure to chew it with your mouth closed. In fact, I’d say keep the gum out of meetings, because it really looks impolite to others around you.
小题1:From the study in the text we know that_________________.
A.gum chewers may lack alertness |
B.gum chewers tend to be less stressed |
C.gum chewers can finish many jobs perfectly |
D.gum chewers can reduce their anxiety and anger easily |
A.It works by improving alertness. |
B.It works by allowing a 10-minute walk. |
C.It works by reducing one’s level of cortisol. |
D.It works by being chewed in a laboratory setting. |
A.People should chew gum with their mouths closed in a meeting. |
B.It is impolite to chew gum in a meeting with people around you. |
C.People can crack gum freely when meeting friends. |
D.People should be careful when chewing gum at home. |
A.How to chew gum. | B.How to relieve stress. |
C.Why people love chewing gum. | D.Chewing gum can relieve stress. |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:D
解析
试题分析 本文是说明文。每个人都有感觉压力的时候,减压有很多方法,现在流行咀嚼口香糖,以及引发的一些问题。
小题1:B 细节题。根据对全文的理解,口香糖可以用来减少压力。故选B项。
小题2:C 细节题。根据倒数第二段So, how does gum work this magic? In part it does so by lowering the level of cortisol(皮质醇)—a steroid(类固醇) hormone that is released in response to stress in your system.得出应选 C项。
小题3:B 细节题。根据最后一段don’t crack your gum, and be sure to chew it with your mouth closed. In fact, I’d say keep the gum out of meetings, because it really looks impolite to others around you.,应选 B项。用排除法来做此类的题。
小题4:D 主旨大意。本文主要讲吃口香糖可以减轻压力,故选 D项。
核心考点
试题【Everyone may all have the experience of feeling anxious and stressed when having】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
In discussion of technological changes, the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells are the basic units of all living things, and until recently, scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells, such as those of brain cells, would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100, medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so, people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs. The medicine, made up of the basic building materials of life, will build new brain cells, heart cells,and so on-in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.
It is exciting to imaging that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence, but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
小题1:According to the passage, human death is now mainly caused by____
A.diseases and aging | B.accidents and war |
C.accidents and aging | D.heart disease and war |
A.heart disease will be far away from us |
B.human brains can decide the final death |
C.the basic materials of cells will last forever |
D.human organs can be repaired by new medicine |
A.human life will not last more than 120 years in the future |
B.humans have to take medicine to build new skin cells now |
C.much needs to be done before humans can have a longer life |
D.we have already solved the technical problems in building new cells |
Consider your emotions. You might think that emotions are the enemy of decision making, but in fact they’re a part of it. Whenever you make up your mind, your brain’s emotional center is active. University of Southern California scientist, Antonio Damasio, has studied people with damage to only the emotional parts of their brains, and found that they were unable to make basic choices about what to wear or eat. Damasio thinks this may be because our brains store emotional memories of past choices, which we use to help the present decision making.
However, making choices under the influence of an emotion can greatly affect the result. Take anger, for example. A study by Nitika Garg of the University of Mississippi and other scientists found the angry shoppers were more likely to choose the first thing they were offered rather than considering other choices. It seems anger can lead us to make quick decisions without much thinking.
All emotions affect our thinking and motivation, so it may be best to avoid making important decisions under their influence. Yet strangely there’s one emotion that seems to help us make good choices. The American researchers found that sad people took time to consider the various choices on offer, and ended up making the best choices. In fact many studies show that people who feel unhappy have the most reasonable view of the world.
小题1:According to the text, what may help us make better decisions?
A.To think about happy times. |
B.To make many decisions at a time. |
C.To stop feeling regretful about the past. |
D.To learn about the process of decision-making. |
A.emotions are the enemy of decision making |
B.our brain has nothing to do with decision making |
C.people with physical damage find it hard to make up their minds |
D.our emotional memories of past choices can affect present decisions |
A.They often forget their past choices. |
B.They make decisions without much thinking. |
C.They tend to save time when shopping. |
D.They are too angry to bargain. |
A.Emotions are a part of decision making. |
B.Sad people always make the worst choices. |
C.No emotion seems to help us make good choices. |
D.Only sad feelings affect our thinking and motivation. |
One might get a bit more energy out of the ethanol than that used to make it, which could still make ethanol more sustainable than gas generally, but that’s not the end of the problem. Using corn to make ethanol means less corn is left to feed animals and people, which drives up the cost of food. That result leads to turning the fallow land –including, in some cases, rain forest in places such as Brazil—into farmland, which in turn gives off lots of carbon dioxide (CO) into the air. Finally, over many years, the energy benefit from burning ethanol would make up for the forest loss. But by then, climate change would have progressed so far that it might not help.
You cannot really declare any practice “sustainable” until you have done a complete life-cycle analysis of its environmental(环境的) costs. Even then, technology and public keep developing, and that development can lead to unforeseen and undesired results. The admirable goal of living sustainably requires plenty of thought on an ongoing basis.
小题1:What might directly cause the loss of the forest according to the text?
A.The growing demand for energy to make ethanol |
B.The increasing carbon dioxide in the air |
C.The greater need for farmland |
D.The big change in weather. |
A.the energy benefit | B.the forest loss |
C.climate change | D.burning ethanol |
A.impractical | B.acceptable | C.admirable | D.useless |
A.Technology | B.Sustainability |
C.Ethanol energy | D.Environmental protection |
The answer is that your way of life, wherever you live in the world, is tied to the tropics in many ways. If you live in a house, wash your hair, eat fruits and vegetables, drink soda, or drive a car, you can be certain that you are affected by the loss of tropical forests.
Biologically, we are losing the richest regions on earth when, each minute, a piece of tropical forest, the size of ten city blocks, disappears. As many as five million species of plants, animals, and insects (40 to 50 percent of all living things) live there, and are being lost faster than they can be found and described. Their loss is immeasurable.
Take rubber for example. For many uses, only natural rubber from trees will do. Synthetics are not good enough. Today over half the world"s commercial rubber is produced in Malaysia and Indonesia, while the Amazon"s rubber industry produces much of the world"s four million tons. And rubber is an important material in making gloves, balloons, footwear and many sporting goods. Thousands of other tropical plants are valuable for their industrial use.
Many scientists strongly believe that deforestation contributes to the greenhouse effect -- or heating of the earth from increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As we destroy forests, we lose their ability to change carbon dioxide into oxygen.
Carbon dioxide levels could double within the next half-century, warming the earth by as much as 4.5 degrees. The result? A partial melt-down of polar ice caps, raising sea levels as much as 24 feet; even 15 feet could threaten anyone living within 35 miles of the coast. Unbelievable? Maybe. But scientists warn that by the time we realise the severe effects of tropical deforestation, it will be 20 years too late.
Can tropical deforestation affect our everyday lives? Now, you should have got the answer.
小题1:The underlined word "synthetics" probably means_________.
A.natural rubber | B.tropical materials |
C.man-made material | D.commercial rubber |
A.The forests are losing their function in turning carbon dioxide into oxygen. |
B.Many of our daily uses are related to the tropical forests. |
C.Tropical plants can be used to make industrial products. |
D.High carbon dioxide levels will make the earth warmer. |
A.puzzling | B.cold | C.supporting | D.opposed |
A.Tropical Forests | B.The Value of Tropical Forests |
C.Tropical Forests and Our Life | D.The Greenhouse Effects |
Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy.However they sing most of the time for a very different reason.Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory.
Do you know what a “territory” is? A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims (声称) as its own.Only he and his family are welcome there. No other families of the same species are welcome.Your house is your territory where only your family and friends are welcome.If a stranger should enter your territory and threaten you, you might shout.Probably this would be enough to frighten him away.
If so, you have actually frightened the stranger away without having to fight him.A bird does the same thing.But he expects an outsider almost any time, especially at nesting (筑巢) season.So he is screaming all the time, whether he can see an outsider or not.This screaming is what we call a bird’s song, and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away.
小题1:Some scientists believe that most of the time bird’s singing is actually ______.
A.an expression of happiness | B.a way of warning |
C.an expression of anger | D.a way of greeting |
A.A place where families of other species are not accepted. |
B.A place where a bird may shout at the top of its voice. |
C.An area for which birds fight against each other. |
D.An area which a bird considers to be its own. |
A.Because they want to invite more friends. |
B.Because their singing helps frighten outsiders away. |
C.Because they want to find outsiders around. |
D.Because their singing helps get rid of their fears. |
A.By comparing birds with human beings. |
B.By reporting experiment results. |
C.By describing birds’ daily life. |
D.By telling a bird’s story. |
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