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Science Daily—Kids may roll their eyes when their mothers asks them about their school day, but answering her may actually help them learn. New research from Vanderbilt University reveals that children learn the solution to a problem best when they explain it to their mom.
“We knew that children learn well with their moms or with a peer, but we did not know if that was because they were getting feedback and help,” Bethany Rittle-Johnson, the study’s lead author and assistant professor of psychology at Vanderbilt’s Peabody College of education and human development, said. “In this study, we just had the children’s mothers listen, without providing any assistance. We’ve found that by simply listening, a mother helps her child learn.”
Rittle-Johnson believes the new finding can help parents better assist their children with their schoolwork, even when they are not sure of the answer themselves. Although the researchers used children and their mothers in the study, they believe the same results will hold true whether the person is the child’s father, grandparent, or other familiar persons.
“The basic idea is that it is really effective to try to get kids to explain things themselves instead of just telling them the answer,” she said. “Explaining their reasoning, to a parent or perhaps to other people they know, will help them understand the problem and apply what they have learned to other situations. We saw that this simple act of listening by mom made a difference in the quality of the child’s explanations and how well they could solve more difficult problems later on.
小题1:According to the passage, a mom had better ________.
A.give a kid some help when he is explaining his problem
B.just listen while a kid is explaining his problem
C.work together with a kid toward the solution to a problem
D.leave a kid alone when he meets a problem at school
小题2: If she wants to help a child with his schoolwork, a mom ________.
A.should know the answer to a problem first
B.should pay attention to the child’s feedback.
C.may not know the answer herself
D.should not interrupt the child
小题3:Who will be the least help to a kid when he is explaining, according to Rittle-Johnson?
A.The kid’s mom.
B.The kid’s grandmother.
C.A peer.
D.A relative the kid doesn’t know.
小题4:Which of the following best gives the main idea of the passage?
A.Children learn better when their mom is hearing their explaining.
B.Children learn better if they find the solution to a problem themselves.
C.Parents should not provide any assistance to their children’s schoolwork.
D.A mom should listen more to their children when they have problems at school.

答案

小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:A
解析

试题分析:这篇文章介绍了一个研究结果:讲的是当妈妈听孩子解释的时候,孩子的学习效果更好,因为孩子通过解释,更好的理解了所学内容。
小题1:细节题:从文章第二段的句子:“In this study, we just had the children’s mothers listen, without providing any assistance. We’ve found that by simply listening, a mother helps her child learn.”可知孩子在解释问题的时候,妈妈最好听他说,选B
小题2:细节题:从文章第三段的句子:Rittle-Johnson believes the new finding can help parents better assist their children with their schoolwork, even when they are not sure of the answer themselves.可知如果妈妈想帮助孩子的作业,她可能自己不知道答案,选C
小题3:细节题:从文章第三段的句子:Although the researchers used children and their mothers in the study, they believe the same results will hold true whether the person is the child’s father, grandparent, or other familiar persons.可知Rittle-Johnson 认为妈妈,祖母和同学给孩子的帮助要比一个孩子不知道的亲戚给孩子的帮助多,选D
小题4:主旨题:从全篇文章和第一段的句子:New research from Vanderbilt University reveals that children learn the solution to a problem best when they explain it to their mom.可知这篇文章讲的是当妈妈听他们解释的时候,孩子的学习效果更好,选A
核心考点
试题【Science Daily—Kids may roll their eyes when their mothers asks them about their 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
American researchers found females are the more talkative sex because of a special “language protein(蛋白质)” in the brain.
The study, conducted by neuroscientists (神经学家)and psychologist from the University of Maryland, concluded that women talked more because they had more of the Foxp2 protein. The research, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, found that higher levels were found among humans that were women but in rats that were males. Their findings came after it was previously claimed that ladies speak about 20,000 words a day – over 13,000 more than men. “This study is one of the first to report a sex difference in the expression of a language-associated protein in humans or animals,” said Prof Margaret McCarthy, who led the study. In their study, the researchers attempted to determine what might make male rats more vocal than their female friends.
They separated four-day-old rats from their mothers and then counted the number of times they cried out in the “ultrasonic range”, the frequencies higher than humans can hear, over five minutes. While both sexes called out hundreds of cries, the males called out twice as often, they found. But when the pups were returned to their mother’s cage, she fussed over her sons first. Tests conducted on the parts of the brain known to be associated with vocalcalls showed the male pups have up to twice as much Foxp2 protein as the females. The researchers then increased the production in the brains of female pups and reduced it in males. This led to the female rats crying out more often and their mothers showing more interest to them. In contrast, males became less “talkative”.
The researchers then tested samples from ten children, aged between three and five, which showed that females had up to 30 per cent more of the Foxp2 protein than males, in a brain area key to language in humans.
“Based on our observations, we assume higher levels of Foxp2 in girls and higher levels of Foxp2 in male rats is an indication that Foxp2 protein levels are associated with the more communicative sex,” said Prof McCarthy. “Our results imply Foxp2 as a component of the neurobiological basis of sex differences in vocal communication in mammals. “
小题1:From the second paragraph, we can learn that ________.
A.women always speak more words than men
B.men and male rats have low levels of language protein
C.women and male rats have similar levels of Foxp2
D.McCarthy isn’t the first to find females more talkative
小题2:The underlined phrase “fussed over” in the third paragraph probably means______.
A.paid attention toB.related toC.put pressure onD.counted on
小题3:The researchers carried out the experiments on rats in order to _______.
A.test which part of the brain is key to language in rats and humans
B.prove the levels of Foxp2 protein in humans and rats are different
C.determine the reason why female rats are more talkative than male rats
D.discover the association between Foxp2 protein and vocal communication
小题4:Which of the following can be the best title for the passage ?
A.Tests on humans and rats
B.Why women are the talkative sex
C.Sex differences in Foxp2 protein
D.Foxp2 protein determines oral ability

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
A good teacher is many things to many people. In my own experience, the people I respect the most and think about the most are the teachers who demanded (要求) the most discipline (纪律) from their students.
I miss one teacher in particular that I had in high school. I think she was a good teacher because she was a very strict person. I remember very vividly (清晰地) a sign over her classroom door. It was a simple sign that said, “Laboratory—in this room the first five letters of the word was emphasized (强调), not the last seven.” In other words, I guess, labor for her was more important than oratory, which means making speeches.
She prepared her work very carefully and demanded us to do the same. We got lots of homework from her. Once she had broken her arm, and everybody in the class thought that maybe the homework load would be reduced, but it continued just the same. She checked our work by stamping her name at the bottom of the papers to show that she had read them.
I think sometimes teachers who demand the most are liked the least. But as time goes by, this discipline really seems to benefit (有益于) the students.
小题1:Which of the following is considered a good teacher by the writer?
A.A patient teacher.B.An honest teacher.
C.A strict teacher.D.A hard-working teacher.
小题2:The teacher put up the sign over her classroom door ___.
A.to remind the students that this room was a laboratory
B.to advise the students to follow the disciplines
C.to warn the students not to be careless
D.to tell the students to work hard in the classroom
小题3:When the teacher’s arm was broken, she ___.
A.gave her students the usual amount of homework
B.gave her students less homework
C.asked her students to check the homework themselves
D.gave her students more homework
小题4:What’s the writer’s opinion of discipline?
A.It makes the students dislike their teachers.
B.It does good to the students in the long run.
C.It’s too much for young children.
D.It does more harm than good to the students.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
BEIJING - By the end of 2011 China-made supercomputers will say goodbye to foreign microchips(微芯片) and start using their own "Chinese core(核心)", according to one of the country"s leading scientists, Hu Weiwu.
Hu told reporters on Saturday that the "Dawning 6000" supercomputer, developed by the Institute of Computing Technology of CAS and the Dawning Information Industry Company (DIIC), will adopt Loongson microchips for the first time as its core parts. It will have a computing speed of more than 1,000 trillion operations a second.
Making supercomputers with Chinese microchips is one of the nation"s major science and technology projects. Three organizations - the Institute of Computing Technology of CAS, Jiangnan Institute of Computing Technology and the National University of Defense Technology (NUDT) - have their own supercomputer projects.
According to their schedules, all three institutions will need to meet the target of using domestically(国内的) developed microchips by the end of this year. Hu said the new supercomputer will use fewer than 10,000 Loongson microchips, and will also be more energy-efficient.
Tianhe-1A, developed by NUDT in Hunan"s provincial capital Changsha, is the fastest supercomputer in the world. However, Tianhe-1A largely runs on 14,336 CPUs made by Intel, and 7,186 GPUs (processing units) from Nvidia, two US chip-makers.
Hu said there will be difficulties ahead as there is little affiliated equipment specially developed for these supercomputers. "We have enough supercomputers in China but still can"t make full use of them," He said.
Hu added that although the China-made CPUs have improved since they were first produced in 2002, they have a long way to go to compete with US chip-makers such as Intel.
小题1:What’s the best title for this passage?
A.The Arrival of Chinese Supercomputers
B.Homemade CPUs with a Long Way to Go
C.The Supercomputers of Three Organizations in China
D.Homemade CPUs on the Way for Local Supercomputers
小题2:What will raise the speed to more than 1,000 trillion operations a second.?
A.Dawning 6000B.Loongson microchips
C.DIICD.Tianhe-1A
小题3:What do we know about Tianhe-1A?
A. Not all the parts of Tianhe-1A are made by China.
B. Tianhe-1A is developed by CAS and DIIC.
C. Tianhe-1A will use fewer than 10,000 Loongson microchips.
D. NUDT has produced a most powerful supercomputer in China.
小题4:The underlined word “affiliated” can be replaced by_______.
A.cheapB.suitableC.expensiveD.modern

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
During adolescence(青春期), peers(同龄人) play a large part in a young person"s life and typically replace family as the center of a teen"s social activities. Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked or because they worry that other kids may make fun of them if they don"t go along with the group. Others may go along because they are curious to try something new that others are doing. The idea that "everyone"s doing it" may influence some kids to leave their better judgment, or their common sense, behind. 
As children grow, develop, and move into early adolescence, contacts with one"s peers and the attraction of peer identification (认同)increases. As pre-adolescents begin rapid physical, emotional and social changes, they begin to question adult standards and the need for parental guidance. They find it good to turn for advice to friends who understand— friends who are in the same position themselves. By trying new things and testing their ideas with their peers, there is less fear of being laughed at.
There are two levels of peer pressure. The first is in the large group: for most teens a school or a youth group are examples. This is the situation that gets the most attention. The second is in the close relationship with one or several best friends. This is the situation that is sometimes disregarded. The large group puts a general pressure on its members. It sets the standard for clothing, music, entertainment, and "political correctness". The pressure can be avoided by keeping quiet or by putting on the appearance of agreement.
小题1:Why can’t some children follow their common sense?
A.Because they want to be liked by everybody.
B.Because they don’t want to make fun of others.
C.Because they are curious about their new friends.
D.Because they think all the children will do the same.
小题2:When in pre-adolescence, who may children ask for suggestions?
A.ParentsB.TeachersC.FriendsD.Classmates
小题3:Which word can replace the underlined word disregarded in the last paragraph?
A.unnoticed B.mentionedC.disagreedD.avoided
小题4:What might be discussed in the following paragraph?
A.The reasons of peer pressure.
B.The advantages of peer pressure.
C.Peer pressure from close friends.
D.Peer pressure from a youth group.

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案


Today, when a fire breaks out, you can be sure a citizen with a cell-phone camera has posted it to Facebook or Twitter, or sent it to the media. But up to now, that citizen has not been able to easily send images and details of what is happening to the people who need it most: police, firefighters and building-security people who must respond, and whose ability to help is often measured in minutes, if not seconds.
That"s about to change. A one-year old company called Elerts has developed a system that"s designed to mobile and social technologies to speed the flow of information between citizens and emergency workers in time of danger. The system involves free mobile applications—iPhone and iPad app(应用软件)is available now—that eyewitnesses can use to report incidents and get public-safety warnings. And Elerts is offering a management console(控制台)for security firms and universities to receive the reports and distribute warnings and instructions, like a map with the best evacuation route(疏散路线).
The service is the brainchild of Chris Russo, deputy fire chief in the coastal town of Hull, Mass. As mobile communications sped up, he grew increasingly frustrated by his inability to communicate effectively with colleagues and the public, particularly with people who are at the scene and might be able to provide help.
"Remembering situations when communications failed puts a pit in my stomach," Mr. Russo says. Last summer, he was in a search at a beach for a missing boy, who went into a bathhouse but didn"t come out. First responders feared an abduction (绑架) on the beach or shark attack. The child"s mother, who didn"t speak English well, was so sad that she couldn"t remember what color shorts he had on. Mr. Russo had no photo of the child, and no ability to turn to beachgoers.
Two long hours later, the boy was spotted by a low-flying helicopter lost and alone on the beach crying—a lucky break. "If 5 percent of beachgoers had an app to receive a message and send in sightings of a lost boy, the happy ending might have come much sooner," Mr. Russo said.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?
A.A moving story of Chris Russo.B.An app for reporting emergency.
C.A cell-phone instant service.D.An app for firm management.
小题2:What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A.Makes me feel frustrated.B.Causes a stomachache.
C.Arouses my interest.D.Leaves a hole in my stomach.
小题3:We can infer from the passage that emergency workers ____.
A.have to carry out rescue work in minutes
B.must send images and details immediately
C.need images and detailed information badly
D.have to turn to Facebook and Twitter for details
小题4:The author takes Chris Russo"s experience as an example to ____.
A.advertise his creativity in communication
B.show readers the working principle of the new system
C.make the passage more interesting to read
D.inform readers how Russo got the idea of the service

题型:不详难度:| 查看答案
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