题目
题型：0123 期末题难度：来源：
sea. Storms and huge waves are a constant threat and none of Tuvalu"s nine little islands is more than five
metres above sea level. Salt water is already entering the country"s drinking water supply, as well as damaging
plants that produce fruit and vegetable. Without urgent help, the country"s days are numbered.
But Tuvalu is not the first place to face sinking into the sea. Venice, a historic city in Italy best known for
its canals, has sunk about 24 cm over the past 100 years. Experts say that it will have sunk another 20-50cm
by 2050. A century ago, St. Mark"s Square, the lowest point in the city, flooded about nine times a year.
Nowadays, it happens more than 100 times a year. While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it
stands, Tuvalu"s rising sea level is caused by global warming.
The average global temperature has increased by almost 0.5 centigrade degrees over the past century;
scientists expect it to rise by an extra 1-3 degrees over the next 100 years.
Warmer weather makes glaciers (冰川) melt, adding more water to the ocean. The warmer temperatures
also make water expand, so it takes up more space, causing the sea level to rise. The sea level has risen about
10-25 cm in the last 100 years.
The main cause of global warming is human pollution. Through burning coal, oil and gas, people have been
increasing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as CO2. This adds to the power of the greenhouse
effect, making the planet even warmer. Many scientists believe that, if the warming is not stopped, there will
be huge climate changes. The sea level could rise by one meter this century.
Should this come true, the sea will swallow up millions of homes and the world will be flooded with "climate refugees" looking for somewhere to live.
B. All Tuvalu"s islands are about five meters above the sea level
C. Drinking water in Tuvalu has been destroyed
D. Tuvalu is often flooded by storms and waves
B. they are both sinking into the mud where they stand
C. they will disappear in the future
D. their trouble is caused by global warming
B. Climate changes.
C. Rare animals.
D. Climate effect.
B. The average global temperature has risen by 1-3 centigrade degrees over the 100 years.
C. The warmer temperature causes the sea level to rise.
D. There will be huge climate changes unless the warming is stopped.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 TUVALU, a tiny country in the Pacific Ocean, has asked for help as it 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The most widespread fallacy (谬误) of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are
caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or
indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the
Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated Arctic regions explorers have
reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world
by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.
During the First World War, soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches (战壕), cold and wet,
showed no increased tendency to catch colds.
In the Second World War prisoners at the Notorious Auschwitz Concentration Camp (奥斯维辛集中营)
were astonished to find that they seldom had colds.
At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave
themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they
put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty
(通风良好的) room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion.
Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.
If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter?
Despite the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by
scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes
it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.
No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors (止痛片) such as aspirin,
but all they do is to relieve the symptoms.
B. contrasting
C. giving examples
D. providing arguments
B. The Eskimos do not suffer from colds all the time.
C. People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.
D. A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already had one.
B. the mistaken idea about the common cold
C. the reason and the way people catch colds
D. the continued spread of common colds
consumer demand for environment (环境) friendly products have contributed to the pollution problem.
One result is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastic, and metal containers are produced, and these
are difficult to get rid of.
However, today, more and more consumers are choosing "green" and demanding that the products they
buy should be safe for the environment.Before they buy a product,they ask questions like these: "Will this
shampoo damage the environment?" "Can this metal container be reused or can it only be used once?"
A recent study showed that two out of five adults now consider the environmental safety of a product
before they buy it. This means that companies must now change the way they make and sell their products
to make sure that they are "green," that is,friendly to the environment.
Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets,but now there are
hundreds.Some supermarket products carry labels (标签) to show that the product is green. Some
companies have made the manufacturing (生产) of clean and safe products their main selling point and
emphasize it in their advertising.
The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink how they do business.
No longer will the public accept the old attitude of "Buy it, use it,throw it away, and forget it. "The public
pressure is on, and gradually business is cleaning up its act.
B. companies,desire for bigger sales
C. new ways of doing business
D. rapid growth of supermarkets
B. Business Goes Green
C. Shopping Habits Are Changing
D. Supermarkets and Green Products
B. the company name
C. a great demand for health foods
D. the manufacturing of green products
sea levels caused by it have resulted in the first evacuation (撤离) of an island nation-the citizens of Tuvalu will
have to leave their homeland.
During the 20th century,sea level rose 8-12 inches. As a result.Tuvalu has experienced lowland flooding of
salt water which has polluted the country"s drinking water.
Paani Laupepa, a Tuvaluan government official,reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation suffered
an unusaually high number of fierce storms in the past ten years.Many scientists connect higher surface water
temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damagingtorms.
Laupepa expressed dissatisfaction with the United States for refusing to sign the Kyoto Protocol, an
international agreement calling for industrialized nations to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions (导致温室效
应的气体排放), which are a main cause of global warming. "By refusing to sign the agreement, the US has
effectively taken away the freedom of future generations of Tuvaluans to live where their forefathers have lived
for thousands of years," Laupepa told the BBC.
Tuvalu has asked Australia and New Zealand to allow the gradual move of its people to both countries.
Tuvalu is not the only country that is vulnerable (易受影响的) to rising sea levels.Maumoon Gayoon,
president of the Maldives, told the United Nations that global warming has made his country of 311,000 an
"endangered nation".
B. bad effects of global warming
C. moving of a country to a new place
D. reasons for lowland flooding
B. higher surface water temperatures of the sea
C. continuous global warming
D. rising sea levels
B. sign an agreement with Tuvalu
C. allow Tuvaluans to move to the US
D. believe the problems facing Tuvalu were real
A. Australia
B. New Zealand
C. the Maldives
D. the United States
Research suggests that having overweight parents is a big influence (影响) upon a child"s weight, with
one study finding that children with overweight parents were four times more likely to be overweight
themselves.
The findings add heat to an already fierce political debate (争论) over childhood obesity. The Prime
Minister, John Howard, last week decided that ＄116 million be used for programs to deal with obesity,
while the Opposition Leader, Mark Latham, recently announced that his party would move to protect
children from unhealthy food advertisements.
Clare Collins, a senior lecturer at the University of Newcastle, believes such programs will definitely fail
unless they influence the way of life of whole families. " If we can"t get parents to take action against their
own weight problems, then we can"t expect to influence their kids," she said.
However, Professor Louise Baur from the Children"s Hospital at Westmead, doubts whether adult
education programs offer any solution to weight problems." Many parents know they need to lose weight
and they know it influences their kids, but they lack the willpower to do anything about it."
The 10-year study of 150 American children found two-thirds of children with overweight parents
became overweight. Only one in six children whose parents were of average weight became overweight.
The president of the Australasian Society for the Study of Obesity, Associate Professor Gary Wittert,
said parents needed help in doing their job and the Opposition Party"s policy (政策) might be on the right
track.
" We know that driving without a seat belt is unsafe, so we make law against it," he said. " Obesity is
a major public health concern, so why shouldn"t we change the law regarding unhealthy food ads?"
B. Childhood overweight.
C. Parents" influence.
D. Growing pains.
B. They will be effective in dealing with obesity.
C. A large sum of money will be spent on them.
D. They will influence people"s way of life.
B. will help with their children"s education
C. should be more active in reducing weight
D. should carry out at least 10 years" study
B. may protect kids from unhealthy food ads
C. should be brought back to the right track
D. will work well to prevent traffic accidents
global climate (气候) into a new ice age, may never occur, according to new research.
The next ice age could be 15,000 years away, say European scientists who last month announced a
continuous record of 740,000 years of climate date (数据) obtained from the Antarctic ice.
Scientists from 10 nations have now almost completely drilled through a 3,000-meter depth of ice high in
the Antarctic mainland. They figure out that the area where summer temperatures can fall to, has at least
900,000 years of snowfalls, kept as neatly as the growth rings of a tree. And the ice and air caught in each
layer (层) have begun to answer questions about the climates in the past.
The results show that there have been eight ice ages in the past 740,000 years and eight warmer periods.
And by comparing the pattern of global conditions today with those of the past, the researchers reported in
Nature that the present warm period could last another 15,000 years.
Research suggests that there is a very close connection between greenhouse gas levels and global average
temperatures. It also shows that carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) levels are the highest for at least 440,000 years.
"If people say to you: the greenhouse effect is a good thing because we would go into an ice age
otherwise, our date say no, a new ice age is not hanging over our heads," said Eric Wolff from the British
Antarctic Survey." Now we have eight examples of how the climate goes in and out of ice ages … and you
can learn what the rules are that go into the climate models that tell us about the future."
Scientists found that whenever temperatures rose in the frozen record, so did carbon dioxide level. " In
440,000 years we have never seen greenhouse gas get as thick as it is today," said Dr Wolff.
A. the lowest temperature there is
B. the depth of ice is 3,000 meters
C. the ice has existed for 15,000 years
D. snowfalls are kept in certain patterns
B. examining the growth rings of trees
C. comparing temperatures in different areas
D. studying the ice and air caught in each layer
B. greenhouse effect is always a bad thing
C. a new ice age will not come in the near future
D. greenhouse gas will get thick in the future
B. Warm period to last about 15,000 years.
C. Report on the eight ice ages in the past.
D. Hollywood movies and the global climate.
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