题目
题型：广东省同步题难度：来源：
or think they are being watched, scientists said on Thursday.
Hand-washing is the cheapest way of controlling disease but less than one third of men and two
thirds of women wash their hands with soap after going to the toilet, a British study by the London
School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine showed.
But when prompted by an electronic message flashing up on a board asking: "Is the person next
to you washing with soap?," around 12 percent more men and 11 percent more women used soap.
Health authorities around the world are stepping up efforts to persuade people t
o be more hygienicand wash their hands properly to help slow the spread of H1N1 swine flu, which was declared a
pandemic(大流行病) by the World Health Organization in June.
"Hand-washing with soap has been ranked the most effective way for the worldwide control of
disease," the study"s authors wrote.
"It could save more than a million lives a year from diarrheal diseases, and prevent respiratory
(呼吸) infections -- the biggest causes of child mortality(死亡) in developing countries."
In developed nations, hand-washing can help prevent the spread of viral infections like flu and
sickness and diarrhea bugs like norovirus and rotavirus, as well as hospital-acquired infections like
MRSA and C-difficile, the authors said.
The researchers studied the behavior of a quarter of a million people using toilets at motorway
service stations in Britain over 32 days．Use of soap was monitored by sensors.
The study, published in the American Journal of Public Health to mark Global Hand-washing
Day, show
ed that with no reminders, 32 percent of men and 64 percent of women used soap.B．when they think they are being watched.
C．When they think their hands are dirty.
D．When they find soap nearby.
B．People can save a lot of time and water．
C．It is the cheapest way of controlling disease.
D．It wastes no any time and energy.
B．diarrheal diseases．
C．H1N1 swine flu．
D．hospital-acquired infections.
B．They authorities persuaded the people to wash their hands daily.
C．More and more people know to wash their hands properly.
D．The spread of viral infections is a serious problem.
B．Many people can not wash their hands properly.
C．Few people know Global Hand-washing Day.
D．H1N1 swine flu was declared a pandemic.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 People are more likely to wash their hands properly after using the to】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
when tobacco burns or when smokers exhale, and it is inhaled (吸入)involuntarily by non-smokers.
Secondhand smoke___________________. The first is called side stream smoke, which is the
smoke released from the burning end of a cigarette or cigar, or from tobacco burning in the bowl of
a pipe. The second is called mainstream smoke, which is exhaled by a smoker.
When nonsmokers are exposed to secondhand smoke, they inhale many of the same cancer-causing
chemicals that smokers inhale. According to the U.S. Surgeon General, cigarette smoke contains more
than 4,000 chemical compounds, including more than 50 cancer-causing chemicals, and at least 250
chemicals that are either toxic or carcinogenic.
Both side stream and mainstream smoke are dangerous to nonsmokers. Side stream smoke is
generated at lower temperatures and under different conditions than mainstream smoke. As a result, it
contains higher concentrations of many of the toxins found in cigarette smoke.
Secondhand smoke has been designated as a known human carcinogen by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, the National Toxicology Program, and the International Agency for Research on
Cancer. Secondhand smoke also is listed as an occupational carcinogen by the National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health.
According to the 2006 report by the U.S. Surgeon General, there is no risk-free level of exposure
to secondhand smoke: even small amounts of secondhand smoke exposure can be harmful to people"s
health. Separating smokers from nonsmokers, cleaning the air, and ventilating buildings can help.
However, they cannot eliminate the exposure of nonsmokers to secondhand smoke.
_________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one?
In whatever way, people can’t get rid of the risk of nonsmokers to secondhand smoke
completely.
_________________________________________________________
3. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 8 words)
_________________________________________________________
4. Name at least three ways that will help reduce the harm of secondhand smoke.
(no more than 12 words)
_________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.
_________________________________________________________
Within fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of huge industrial
complexes for the recycling of waste.The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everything that
goes into the dumps would be made into something useful.Even the most dangerous and unpleasant
wastes would provide energy if nothing else.
The latest project is to take a city of around half a million inhabitants and discover exactly what raw
materials go into it and what go out.The aim is to find out how many of these raw materials could be
provided if a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city.This plant would recycle not only
metal such as steel and copper, but also paper and rubber as well.
Another new project is being set up to discover the best ways of sorting and separating the rubbish.
When this project is complete, the rubbish will be processed like this:first, it will pass through metal bars
which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed；then it will pass through a
powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids；after that grounders and rollers break up everything that can be broken.Finally the rubbish will pass under magnets, which will remove the bits
of iron and steel; the rubbish and plastic will then be sorted out in the final stage.
The first fullscale giant recycling plants are perhaps fifteen years away.Indeed, with the growing cost of
transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will be forced to build their own recycling
plants before long.
1. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. show us a future way of recycling wastes
B. tell the importance of recycling plant
C. warn people the danger of some wastes
D. introduce a new recycling plant
2. How many stages are there in the recydling process?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
3. What"s the main reason for big cities to build their own recycling plants?
A. To deal with waste in a better way.
B. It"s a good way to gain profits.
C. It"s more economical (经济的) than to dump wastes in more distant places.
D. Energy can be got at a low price.
4. The first fullscale huge recycling plants________.
A. have been in existence for 15 years
B. take 15 years to build
C. can"t be built until 15 years later
D. will remain functioning for 15 years
series of simple stretching exercises.This not only helps your joints(关节) to move easily but also
prepares all your muscle groups for more energetic activity.It is rather like a cat stretching itself
before it springs into action.Here are four movements to do in an easy and unhurried way,gently
stretching each action without forcing it.Repeat each movement ten times,breathing normally
throughout.
I.Standing with your feet apart,push both arms out straight in front of you,fingertips touching.Raise
them above your head,then down to the sides pushing each arm backwards at the same time.
II.Standing with your feet apart and hands on hips(臀部)．Tip your head back and look straight up
to the ceiling.Roll your head round slowly to face the right,then the floor,and finally up at the ceiling
again.Repeat in the other direction.
III.Standing with your feet apart and hands on your sides,lean first to the right and then to the left,
sliding the hand down the side of the leg.
IV.Standing feet apart and arms out straight in front,with your eyes fixed on your right hands,swing
your right arm round to the right,keeping it straight,as far as it will go.Return it to the front and repeat
with the left arm.
B．To stretch joints.
C．To prepare for physical activity.
D．To develop control of movement.
B．Continuously for two or three minutes.
C．Steadily and slowly,breathing calmly.
D．As energetically as possible
B．II
C．III
D．IV
published in The Lancet this month. Researchers found spending time in traffic, whether as a driver or a
pedestrian(行人), tops the list of risk factors that bring on a heart attack.
Jon Ayres, professor of environmental and respiratory(呼吸的) medicine at the University of
Birmingham, says, "Air pollution is not only linked to strokes, heart attacks and cancer - it has a deep
effect on those with existing respiratory conditions." So how can you avoid the damage? We asked the
experts for their tips.
TAKE TO THE SIDE STREETS
Avoid main roads. These have the highest number of vehicles and also more traffic jams, which tend to run on diesel(柴油). Diesel engines emit(排放) tiny particles(粒子) that reach the lungs most easily.
Choose side streets, pavements, parks and avenues lined with trees.
BUY SOME HOUSEPLANTS
We spend 90 percent of our time inside, but studies by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency have found that pollution levels can be two to five times higher indoors than outside. Objects such as synthetic(合成的) carpets, TV screens can emit chemicals called volatile organic compounds (VOC,挥发性有机化合物), which have been linked to diseases such as cancer. Researchers at Curtin University in Perth,
Australia, found an increase in asthma (哮喘) risk among children under three who had high VOC levels
in their homes. Therefore, the application of air fresheners and houseplants can keep the circulation of the
air and absorb the pollutants.
B. Stress
C. Traffic
D. Air pollution
B. Main streets
C. Pavements
D. Parks
B. Objects such as synthetic carpets, TV screens can not cause diseases
C. The risk of cancer is higher indoors than outside
D. The application of air fresheners and houseplants can keep the circulation of the air and absorb the pollutants
B. Air pollution is the main cause of a heart attack
C. Air pollution is linked to strokes, heart attacks and cancer
D. Pollution levels can be two to five times higher indoors than outside
drawing to a close.
When his heart problems led to operation, Jim went through it successfully, and a full recovery was
expected. Within days, however, his heart was not beating properly. Jim was rushed back to operation,
but nothing was found to explain the cause of his illness. He died on the operating table on the day before
his 48th birthday.
Dr. Bruce Smoller, a psychologist, had had many conversations with him, and the more he learned, the
stranger he realized Jim"s case was. When Jim was a child, his father, a teacher, suffered a heart attack
and stayed home to recover. One morning Jim asked his father to look over his homework, promising
to come home from school at noon to pick it up. His father agreed, but when Jim returned his father had
died. Jim"s father was 48.
"I think all his life Jim believed he killed his father," Dr. Smoller says. "He felt that if he had not asked him
to look at his homework, his father would have lived. Jim had been troubled by the idea. The operation
was the trial (判决) he had expected for forty years." Smoller believes that Jim willed himself not to live
to the age of 48.
Jim"s case shows the powerful role that attitude plays in physical health, and that childhood experiences produce far-reaching effect on the health of grown-ups. Although most cases are less direct than Jim"s,
studies show that childhood events, besides genes, may well cause such midlife diseases as cancer, heart
disease and mental illness.
B. he expected a full recovery
C. his life was drawing to a close
D. the first one wasn"t well performed
B. Jim died on the operating table.
C. Both Jim and his father died of the same disease.
D. Jim"s death is closely connected with his father"s.
B. Smoller agreed that Jim did kill his father
C. Jim thought he would be punished some day
D. Smoller believed Jim wouldn"t live to the age of 48
B. a, b, e
C. a, c, e
D. b, c, d