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         According to the report by Baekeland and Hartmann, two American authoritative psychotogical research centres, the "short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens.But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions, in their daily routines.
In general, these "short sleeps" appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful,, conformist (循规蹈矩的) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices.They often held several jobs at once, or workers full - or part - time while going to school.And many of them had a strong urge to appear "normal" or "acceptable" to their friends and associates.When asked to recall their dreams, the "short sleepers" did poorly.More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering.In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy m the hope that the trouble would go away.The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers" were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic (疯人).
The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed.Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived (剥夺) of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest.They tended to recall their dreams much better than the "short sleepers." did.Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压抑) , passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations).Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.
50.According to the text, which is probably the writer" s real attitude towards these two living habits ____.
A.both of them are healthy habits  
B.not both of them are unhealthy habits
C.either of them is not unhealthy habits
D.neither of them is healthy habits
51.When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might ____.
A.feel extremely depressed         B.become energetic
C.appeared disturbed          D.feel disappointed
52.The writer implies (暗示) that short sleepers _____ in the text.
A.are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life
B.often neglect the consequences of inadequate(不足的)sleep
C.do not know how to relax properly
D.are more unlikely to run into mental problems
答案
 50.D 5l.C  52.B
解析

核心考点
试题【         According to the report by Baekeland and Hartmann, two American authori】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
         Social rules or laws on marriage vary widely between countries.Some countries, still do not have a legal minimum age for marriage, which makes child macriages are very common, there.
In the Western Christian countries, a 13 -year -old is still considered a child.Even getting married in one* s late teens is not usually encouraged because married life is likely to interfere with a young woman" s education and consequently restrict opportunities in later life.And there are also physical dangers in giving birth so young.  
In Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia, Iran and Pakistan, the age of puberty(青春期)at around 13 or 14 is the legal age for marriage, but in Turkey it is 15, and in Egypt and Tunisia, 18 the same minimum age as in many Western countries.It is argued that by allowing, earlier marriages, Islamic law is promoting stable relationships, while Western laws are encouraging promiscuity among young people.
In many countries, the trends of urbanization and education for girls have seen a drop in the number of child brides.However, early marriages continue to occur in poor rural areas.In India, for example, the legal age of marriage for a girl is 18 and to a boy, 21.Yet, according to government statistics, 18 percent of ten to fourteen-year old girls in the poor, rural state of Rajasthan in the northwest of the country are married.It is clear, then, that child marriages are connected with poverty, lack of education, rural customs as well as religion.So there don"t tend to be any child marriages in urban or rich areas.
57.The underlined word "promiscuity" in the third paragraph means ____.
A.permanent partnership                  B.firm partnership
C.diverse relationship                     D.single relationship
58.According to the text, which of these women are married lastest?
A.Women from less educated background.  
B.Women from poor rural areas.
C.Women from Islamic countries.            
D.Wonf
eri from cities.
59.Child marriages are NOT related to ____ according to the passage.
A.social communication                B.rural customs
C.poverty and lack of education           D.religious beliefs
60.According to the passage, getting married early leads to all of the following EXCEPT____.
A.reducing a young woman"s education    
B.limiting a young woman"s chances
C.causing baby death                    
D.doing harm to a young woman"s health
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Not long ago, the only time you could see a robot was when you were reading a novel or watching a movie such as Star Wars. Today, 36 a lot of things in science stories have been science facts. Robots are starting to _37_ in our everyday lives. These robots have different sizes, shapes and colors. But they all have the same _38_ of man-made “_39_”. Leading the robot revolution(革命) are industrial robots that work in factories. Industrial robots can do different kinds of jobs that are often _40_ and sometimes dangerous. Robots are also coming to American homes, though not as quickly asthey are entering _41_. These robots aren’t as friendly and _42_ as those you saw in Star Wars. But, their makers say, today’s home robots “walk” and sense objects in their own way. They even _43_ objects though they may sometimes drop. Well, nobody is _44_.
We may _45_ home robots today, but some day they may see and hear _46_ than humans do. We _47_
can only see certain wave lengths of light and hear certain _48_. That’s because the _49_ of our eyes and ears are _50_.
Robots, however, need not have the same limits _51_ we have. Robots may also be _52_ wit devices(装置) that  _53_ information humans can’t. However, to understand _54_ their sensing devices pick up is a hard job.
Remember, man-made brains _55_ information, including all kinds of data, as zeroes and ones.
Imagine the difficulty in trying to explain to a robot what a football looks like---using only zeroes and ones.
36. A. however                  B. whenever                       C. on the other hand                 D. in other words
37. A. come                        B. appear                                      C. enter                                         D. raise
38. A. variety                      B. dozen                              C. score                                         D. type
39. A. muscle                     B. body                                 C. brain                                         D. appearance
40. A. surprising                B. boring                              C. pleasant                                   D. exciting
41. A. homes                     B. factories                         C. schools                                     D. offices
42. A. certain                     B. pleasing                          C. bright                                        D. foolish
43. A. carry                         B. forget                              C. remember                              D. choose
44. A. wonderful                B. excellent                         C. happy                                        D. perfect
45. A. play jokes on     B. make fun of                    C. laugh at                                  D. have fun with
46. A. worse                       B. faster                              C. better                                      D. sooner
47. A. fellows                     B. humans                           C. beings                                     D. friends
48. A. noise                         B. voice                                C. sounds                                              D. speeches
49. A. sight                         B. length                              C. distance                                  D. ability
50. A. enough                     B. endless                           C. limited                           D. hopeful
51. A. as                              B. since                                C. for                                            D. while
52. A. given                         B. equipped                        C. sent                                         D. applied
53. A. pick out                    B. pick up                   C. send up                                   D. send out
54. A. how                           B. where                              C. what                                        D. which
55. A. deal                           B. handle                             C. seek                                        D. provide
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(B)
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69. You can read these classified ads on the Internet when you click “______” in the catalogue.
A. education            B. activities             C. entertainment        D. volunteers
70. According to the ad, one needs to pay if he is interested to attend the program in ______.
A. Life Coaching                                             B. Anxiety Help
C. Single and Not Finding Love?                             D. How to Succeed Even in This Economy!
71. As Mrs. Smith wants to take a personality analysis, she may ______.
A. call 626-772-5653                                        B. contact Sara or Lisa
C. sign up for an interview                                D. attend a workshop
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Have you ever been at a meeting while someone was making a speech and realized suddenly that your mind was a million miles away? You probably felt sorry and made up your mind to pay attention and always have been told that daydreaming is a waste of time. 
“On the contrary,” says L. Giambra, an expert in psychology, “daydreaming is quite necessary. Without it, the mind couldn’t get done all the thinking it has to do during a normal day. You can’t possibly do all your thinking with a conscious(有意识)mind. Instead, your unconscious mind is working out problems all the time. Daydreaming then may be one way that the unconscious and conscious states of mind have silent dialogues.”
Early experts in psychology paid no attention to the importance of daydreams or even considered them harmful. At one time daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. They did not have a better understanding of daydreams until the late 1980s. Eric Klinger, a professor of psychology, is the writer of the book Daydreaming. Klinger says, “We know now that daydreaming is one of the main ways that we organize our lives, learn from our experiences, and plan for our futures. Daydreams really are a window on the things we fear and the things we long for in life.”
Daydreams are usually very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand. It’s easier to gain a deep understanding of your life by paying close attention to your daydreams than by trying to examine your sleep dreams carefully. Daydreams help you recognize the difficult situations in your life and find out a possible way of dealing with them.
Daydreams cannot be predicated(预料). They move off in unexpected directions which may be creative and full of ideas. For many famous artists and scientists, daydreams were and are a main source of creative energy.
72.The writer of this passage considers daydreams         .
A.hard to understandB.important and helpful
C.harmful and unimportant D.the same as sleep dreams
73.The writer quoted(引用)L. Giambra and Eric Klinger to         .
A.point out the wrong ideas of early experts   B.list two different ideas
C.support his own idea                    D.report the latest research on daydreams
74.Which of the following is TRUE?
A.An unconscious mind can work all the problems out.
B.Daydreaming can give artists and scientists ideas for creation.
C.Professor Eric Klinger has a better idea than L. Giambra.
D.Early experts fully understood what daydreams were.
75.What is the main difference between daydreams and sleep dreams?
A.People have daydreams and sleep dreams at different times.
B.Daydreams are the result of unconscious mind while sleep dreams are that of conscious
mind.
C.Daydreams are more harmful.  D.Daydreams are more helpful in solving problems.
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  Driving while talking on a hand-held mobile phone has long been considered a danger. But even drivers who use hands free devices are a nuisance – because they are slowing everyone else down, according to a study.
David Strayer, a psychology professor in Utah University’s traffic lab, conducted a study involving 36 university students driving on motorways. Each used a hands free phone for half the trip but not for the other half. The students were told to obey posted speed limits and use turn signals but the rest of the driving decisions were up to them . What Strayer found is that when the drivers were distracted(使分心)by a phone conversation , they made fewer lane(车道) changes, drove slower and took longer to get where they were going. Fellow researcher Professor Peter Martin, who teaches civil and environmental engineering at Utat University, said,“Ordinarily a slower driver should be safer , but that’s not the case when people are talking on a cell phone.”
In general , drivers who used mobile phones while driving took three percent longer to drive along the same high-density route than drivers who didn’t. When stuck behind a dawdling(磨蹭的) driver , it took them between 25 and 50 seconds longer to switch to an open lane to overtake. Those delays can add up when you consider studies that suggest as many as 10 percent of US drivers are using a cell phone at any one time. And delays in traffic streams of very small amounts can grow into massively when drivers are crossing a  highway.” Our next step is to use computer models to determine just how much those delays are costing drivers in time and in extra fuel costs,” Martrin said.
63. What does the underlined word in the first paragraph mean?
A. A person who is a volunteer.         B. A person who breaks the traffic law
C. A person who is annoyed by others.   D. A person who causes trouble
64. Which of the following is TRUE , according to Martin?
A. The more slowly a person drove, the safer he was.
B. Measures should be taken to stop using mobile phones.
C. Drivers using hand-held phones had less effect on traffic than those using hands free phones
D. Driving while using mobile phones could cost drivers time and money.
65. The passage is mainly about      .
A. traffic conditions in rush hours 
B. the use of mobile phones in the USA
C. using hands free devices behind the wheel
D. a comparison between hand-held phones and hands free ones
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