题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Scientific research in physics and biology has vastly broadened our views. It has given us a deeper knowledge of the structure of matter and of the universe. It has brought us a better understanding of the nature of life and of its continuous development. Technology in the application of science has made big advances that have benefited us in nearly every part of life.
The continuation of such activities in the twenty-first century will result in even greater advantages to human beings; in pure science—a wider and deeper knowledge in all fields of learning; in applied science--- a more reasonable sharing of material benefits, and better protection of the environment.
Sadly, however, there is another side to the picture. The creativity of science has been employed in doing damage to mankind. The application of science and technology to the development and production of weapons of mass destruction has created a real danger to the continued existence of the human race on this planet. We have seen this happen in the case of nuclear weapons. Although their actual use has so far occurred only in the Second World War, the number of nuclear weapons that were produced and made ready for use was so large that if the weapons had actually been used, the result could have been the ruin of the human race, as well as of many kinds of animals.
William Shakespeare said, “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn, good and ill together.” The above brief review the application of only one part of human activities—science seems to prove what Shakespeare said. But does it have to be so? Must the ill always go together with the good? Are we biologically programmed for war?
小题1:Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
="Paragraph" 1,②="Paragraph" 2, ③="Paragraph" 3, ④="Paragraph" 4,⑤="Paragraph" 5)
小题2: From the fourth paragraph, we can infer that ______.
A.a great many nuclear weapons were actually used for war |
B.a large number of nuclear weapons should have been used for war |
C.the author is doubtful about the ruin of human beings by nuclear war |
D.the author is anxious about the huge number of nuclear weapons on the earth |
A.simple | B.mixed | C.sad | D.happy |
A.Further application of science to war. |
B.More reading of William Shakespeare. |
C.Proper use of science in the new century. |
D.Effective ways to separate the good from the ill. |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:D
解析
试题分析:作者在第一段提出论点:The progress in science caused the changes in the twentieth century (二十世纪科技的进步带来巨变),接下来,第二、三、四段作者提出正反两面的论据:The progress in science has brought us advantages and the continuation of the progress will surely result in even greater advantages (科技的进步已经给我们带来好处;持续的科技的进步肯定会给人类带来更大的好处)。第四段作者从另一方面提出论据:The creativity of science has been employed in doing damage to mankind. (但是,科技的进步也可能给人类带来毁灭)。再接下来,按行文结构作者应该做出结论,但作者在第五段并没有直接说出不言自明的结论, 即We should separate the good from the ill (我们应该取其利而舍其弊), 而是用了几个问句:But does it have to be so? (难道情况非得这样吗?) Must the ill always go together with the good (难道坏的东西一定要伴随着好的东西)? Are we biologically programmed for war (难道人类非得策划战争)? 这样可引起读者对结论的深入思考,引起读者的重视。
小题1:文章结构题。在文章首段的最后一句话,通过but找到主题,第2段、第3段的主题句都出现了段尾,都讲了科技带来的benefit,从正面印证了主题。而第4段首句的sadly和however,表明文章转入另外一个方面的论证,而且是反面的的论证。全文尾段用Shakespeare的话再次总结主题。根据这个分析,可以很容易地看出这篇文章的整体结构是“总-分-总”式,在“分”的部分有分为正、反两方面,与A项意思一致。
小题2:推理判断题。根据文章第四段可以看出作者对核武器的担忧。D 。
小题3:词义推测题。根据good and ill weapons可以猜测出mingle的意思为mixed。所以选B。
小题4:推理判断题。根据第五段我们可以推理判断出作者继续写的是如何有效的将good和ill分开。从But does it have to be so? Must the ill always go together with the good? 可以知道答案选D。
核心考点
试题【The twentieth century saw greater changes than any century before. Changes for t】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The first real mobile telephone call was made in 1973 by Dr Martin Cooper, the scientist who invented the modem mobile handset(手机). Within a decade, mobile phones became available to the public. The streets of modem cities began to feature sharp-suited characters shouting into giant plastic bricks. In Britain the mobile phone quickly became the same with the “yuppie”, the new type of young urban professionals who carried the expensive handsets as status symbols. Around this time many of us said that we would never own a mobile phone.
But in the mid-90s, something happened. Cheaper handsets and cheaper calling rates meant that, almost overnight, it seemed that everyone had a mobile phone. And the giant plastic bricks of the 80s had changed into smooth little objects that fitted nicely into pockets and bags.
Moreover, people’s timekeeping changed. Younger readers will be amazed to know that, not long ago, people made spoken arrangements to meet at a certain place at a certain time. But later Meeting time became approximate under the new order of communication: the Short Message Service (SMS) or text message. Going to be late? Send a text message! It takes much less effort than arriving on time, and it’s much less awkward than explaining your lateness face to face and the text message has changed the way we write in English. Traditional rules of grammar and spelling are much less important when you’re sitting on the bus, hurriedly typing “Will B 15mm late - C U @ the bar. Sorry! -).”
Alexander Graham Bell would be amazed if he could see how far the science of telephony has progressed in less than 150 years. If he were around today, he might say “That’s gr8! But I’m v busy rite now. Will call U 2nite.”
小题1:What does the underlined part in Para.2 refer to?
A.Houses of modern cities. | B.Sharp-suited characters. |
C.New type of professionals. | D.Mobile phones. |
A.People were more likely to be late for their meeting. |
B.SMS made it easier to inform each other. |
C.Young people don’t like unchanging things. |
D.Traditional customs were dying out. |
A.Call U@ SKUg8 2nite. | B.IM2BZ2CU 2nite. |
C.CU@ the bar g8 2nite. | D.W84U@ SKUg8 2nite. |
A.Alexander Graham’s invention. |
B.SMS as a new way of communication. |
C.New functions of the mobile telephone. |
D.The development of the mobile phone. |
●Save: This probably is the most important preparation for traveling. Cut expenses to fatten your wallet so you"ll have more choices about where to go and how to get there.
●Plan ahead: Don"t wait until the last minute to plan your trip. Tickets may cost more when bought on short notice. Giving yourself several months to get ready can mean security and savings.
●Do your homework: No matter where you go, research the places you will visit. Decide what to see. Travel books will provide information on the cheapest hotels and restaurants.
●Plan sensibly: Write down how much you expect to spend for food and hotels. Stick to your plan or you may not have enough money to cover everything.
●Travel in groups: Find someone who is interested in visiting the same places. By traveling with others you can share costs and experiences.
●Work as you go: Need more money to support your trip? Look for work in the places you visit.
●Go off the beaten path: Tourist sites may be expensive. You may want to rethink your trip and go to a less-known area. Smaller towns can have many interesting activities and sights.
●Pack necessary things: The most important things to take are not always clothes.
Remember medicine in case you get sick, and snacks in case you cannot find a cheap restaurant.
●Use the Internet: The net can help to save money. Some useful websites include www. travelcity. corn, www. bargainslowestfare. corn and www. economictravelcity. com.
By planning sensibly, even students can enjoy the travel. Your travel experiences will be remembered for a lifetime.
小题1:This passage is about ____________.
A.how to plan your travel |
B.how to get life experiences |
C.how to make your travel interesting |
D.how to travel with enough money |
A.to make a plan of the route |
B.to buy tickets in advance |
C.to save money before your trip |
D.to get information from the Internet |
A.to share costs with friends |
B.not to go to well-known places |
C.not to visit dangerous places |
D.to buy anything you want to buy |
Most people don’t want to hear this, but the best way to ____ a fear of public speaking is really practice, practice, and practice. ____ any fear ahead allows us to control it, rather than let it control us. Our overreactions to our fears are really our brains trying to ____ us from seeing it as a threatening situation. ____ faint (眩晕) is a good way to keep us off a stage, saving us from the threat of ____. But, the more we experience the “threatening” situation without the harm, the more we’re able to ____ that fear.
A good way to begin feeling comfortable while ____ publicly is to start small. Start ____ stories with friends and co-workers ____. This could be something you read about in the news, or something you did ____ the weekend. This point is to practice speaking in front of others, and feeling ____ at it.
If you have no problem speaking ____ in front of the other friends, ____ shake at the thought of getting behind a podium (讲台) and speaking in front of ____, then practicing behind a podium is what you must do. ____ there exist speaking clubs for you such as Toastmaster’s International, in which people meet ____. You can join a club in your area and practice speaking in public every week, as well as ____ speeches on a better basis. You will also receive advice on your ____ as well as your strengths. You’ll probably be ____ to find out that you’re better than you thought you were.
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Stand Straight
The first thing that you need to do is, stand straight. If you feel that you are falling backwards, then just put your chin up and slightly bend your knees. Don"t worry; this happens to all.
Confidence is What You Need
The most important step while learning how to skate backwards, is having enough confidence in yourself and in what you are doing. How can you achieve this? By practice. Just practice rolling backwards down a gentle slope every single day or just by pushing off from a wall or something of that sort. But before you do that, make sure that the place where you are practicing is free from any kind of debris(碎片)because otherwise, you could end up in the hospital due to some accident. While going backwards, just get used to the feeling of moving backwards. One of the important ice skating tips and techniques is that if you feel that you are losing your balance, then scissor (做剪式运动) your skates. Keep practicing this till you are confident about it.
Maintain Speed
Confident now? Great! Now the next step is to maintain your speed. While rolling in a straight line with one skate, with the other try sculling (滑浆), that is, keep pushing yourself backwards with an outwards stroke (滑动). Now bring the skate which you were using to scull, and then again, repeat the same process. Make sure that you put most of your weight on the skate which is moving straight and not the one with which you are sculling. Now, try the same thing using the other foot. Again keep doing this till you are confident enough.
Increase Your Speed Now
Once you are confident that you can scull with either foot, the next thing that you have to do is increase your speed. Try some of your own tricks now. Scull with either foot or with both at the same time.
Scull and Be Aware
While you keep one foot straight, keep sculling with the other. You can do that simultaneously with both feet. Concentrate on what you are doing but don"t get so involved that you don"t see where you are going. If you are not watching your back, you might just bang against something or someone.
小题1:According to the text, confidence comes from ________ .
A.constant exercise | B.strict coaches | C.high speed | D.good techniques |
a. Increasing your speed. b .Being able to scull with one foot.
c. Being about to stand straight. d. Trying some different tricks.
A.c→a→d→b | B.c→b→d→a | C.c→b→a→d | D.a→c→b→d |
A.one must be brave to learn to ice-skate backwards |
B.skating and keeping cautious are both important |
C.it’s difficult to concentrate when ice-skating backwards |
D.it" s a common thing to hit someone when ice skating backwards |
A.to offer some advice on ice-skating backwards |
B.to introduce the culture of ice-skating backwards |
C.to explain advantages of ice-skating backwards |
D.to compare different ways of ice-skating backwards |
The question has caught many interviewees off guard. Even Mo Yan, who just won a Nobel Prize, responded by saying, “I don’t know”.
While the question has become a buzz phrase and the Internet plays host to heated discussions, we ask: What exactly is happiness? And how do you measure it?
In the 1776 US Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson set in writing the people’s unalienable right to “Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness”. 235 years on, Wen Jiabao told the nation, “Everything we do is aimed at letting people live more happily.” At National People’s Congress, officials agreed that increasing happiness would be a top target for the 12th five-year plan.
US psychologist Ed Diener, author of Happiness: Unlocking the Mysteries of Psychological Wealth, describes happiness as “ a combination of life satisfaction and having more positive than negative emotions”, according to US broadcasting network PBS. This may sound straightforward enough, but it still doesn’t explain what determines people’s happiness.
Many argue that happiness is elusive and that there is no single source. It also means different things to different people. For some, happiness can be as simple as having enough cash.
Researchers believe happiness can be separated into two types: daily experiences of hedonic (享乐的) well-being; and evaluative well-being, the way people think about their lives as a whole. The former refers to the quality of living, whereas the latter is about overall happiness, including life goals and achievements. Happiness can cross both dimensions.
Li Jun, a psychologist and mental therapy practitioner at a Beijing clinic, says, “Happiness can mean both the most basic human satisfaction or the highest level of spiritual pursuit. It’s a simple yet profound topic.”
Chen Shangyuan, 21, a junior English major at Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, said his idea of happiness always evolves. “At present it relates to how productive I am in a day,” he said. “It might be linked to job security or leisure time after I graduate.”
Then there is the question of measuring happiness. Does it depend on how many friends we have, or whether we own the latest smart phone? Is it even quantifiable?
Economists are trying to measure happiness in people’s lives. Since 1972, Bhutan’s GDP measurement has been replaced by a Gross National Happiness index. It is calculated according to the peoples’ sense of being well-governed, their relationship with the environment, their satisfaction with economic development, and their sense of national belonging.
In 2009, US economist Joseph Stiglitz proposed “to shift emphasis from measuring economic production to measuring people’s well-being”. But is well-being more easily measured?
小题1: In the second paragraph, the writer gave an example to ________.
A.support his idea that being famous is the reason to be happy |
B.introduce his topic to be discussed |
C.tell people winning a Nobel Prize is a great honor |
D.show that the question was quite difficult |
A.people’s happiness is determined by great people |
B.people’s happiness is an important target for the development of a country |
C.people in all countries have the right to ask the government for a happy life |
D.people both in China and America are living a happy life |
A.CCTV journalists are concerned about people’s happiness out of sympathy |
B.the question has led to heated discussions about who are the happiest people in China |
C.Bhutan’s new index shows that people there are the happiest in the world |
D.it is not easy for us to decide what determines people’s happiness |
A.available. | B.easy to get. | C.hard to describe. | D.unimaginable. |
A.Are you happy? | B.The Measurement of Happiness |
C.GDP and Happiness | D.The Secret of Happiness |
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