题目
题型：安徽省模拟题难度：来源：
注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Holiday. If you are planning to visit Rome, here are some cultural dos and don"ts you should know.
Coffee Etiquette: Italian breakfast consists of pastry and a cup of Cappuccino or shot of espresso.
Cappuccino is a morning drink and is not drunk after noon by real Italians. A post-dinner espresso,
however, is a common practice.
Dinner rules: Guests are expected to arrive for dinner reservations at least fifteen minutes late. In
many restaurants, the printed memus are only for tourists. Regular customers know how to ask for the
daily specials, which typically feature the freshest ingredients. Bread is rarely served together with butter
or olive oil.
Drinking water. Rome has plenty of public water fountains, and real Romans (and their dogs) always
drink directly from them. Many people also refill their water bottles from these fountains.
Mind the traffic: Unless there is a traffic light, or you are in a crosswalk, don"t expect cars to stop for
you. Though crosswalks go first, in a car-crazy city, still you"d better keep cautious and walk cautiously.
Money: Always have some Euros with you. Most major hotels, restaurants and shops take credit cards,
but many smaller operations will either be unwilling to accept them for smaller purchase or not accept them
at all. ATMs are available throughout the city and at the airports.
About soccer: Most Italian men are passionate about their soccer. Arm yourself with some knowledge
of Italy"s soccer scene, and you will find ready conversation partners almost everywhere.
The Romans: The people here love to share their thoughts, opinions and emotions. They are creative,
passionate, playful, occasionally rude or vain but always entertaining, and almost always good-humored.
| Theme | Dos and Don"ts in Rome |
| Eating | ▲ Always have your breakfast with a cup of drink, Cappuccino or espresso (1)______. ▲ Arrive at least fifteen minutes late if (2)______ for dinner. ▲ Bread, when served, is rarely (3)______ by butter or olive oil. ▲ (4)______ some daily specials in restaurants directly, as regular customers do. |
| Drinking | ▲ Public water fountains are always (5)______ by real Romans and their dogs. ▲ Refill your water bottles from the fountains, too. |
| Traffic rules | ▲ Never expect cars to stop for you unless in a crosswalk . ▲ When you are in a crosswalk, you"d better keep (6)______. |
| (7)______ | ▲ Have some euros with you for smaller (8)______ because not all shops take credit cards. |
| Communicating | ▲ Start your (9)______ with local people by talking about Italian soccer and they will be (10)______ to share their opinions with you. |
| 1. included 2. invited/asked 3. accompanied 4. Order 5. shared/used 6. cautious 7. Money/Euros/Cash 8. purchases/purchase 9. conversation 10. willing/ready | |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| On December 18, 1620, passengers on the British ship Mayflower came on shore at modern-day Plymouth, Massachusetts, to begin their new settlement, Plymouth Colony. The famous Mayflower story began in 1606, when a group of reform-minded people in England built their own church, which was separate from the state-supported Church of England. Because of this, they were forced to leave the country and settle in Netherlands. After 12 years of struggling to adapt and make a hard living, the group sought financial backing from some London merchants to set up a colony in America. On September 6, 1620, one hundred and two passengers-called Pilgrims (朝圣者) by William Bradford, a passenger who would become the first governor of Plymouth Colony-crowded on the Mayflower to begin the long, hard journey to a new life in the New World. On November 11, 1620, the Mayflower landed at Provincetown Harbor. Before going on shore, 41 male passengers-heads of families, single men and three male servants-signed the famous Mayflower contract, agreeing to form a government chosen by common election and to obey all laws made for the good of the colony. Over the next month, several small leading teams were sent on shore to collect firewood and hunt for a good place to build a settlement. Around December 10, one of these groups found a harbor they liked on the western side of Cape Cod Bay. They returned to the Mayflower to tell the other passengers, but bad weather prevented them reaching the harbor until December 16. Two days later, the first group of Pilgrims went on shore. After exploring the region, the settlers chose a cleared area once controlled by members of a local Native American tribe (部落). The tribe had abandoned the village several years earlier, after an outbreak of European disease. That winter of 1620-1621 was really hard, as the Pilgrims struggled to build their settlement, find food and take care of the sick By spring, 50 of the original 102 Mayflower passengers were dead. The remaining settlers made contact with returning members of the Native American tribe and in March they signed a peace treaty (条 约) with the tribe chief. In the spring time, helped by the locals, the Pilgrims were able to plant crops-especially corn and beans-that were necessary to their survival. On April 5, 1621, the Mayflower and its crew left Plymouth to return to England. Over the next several decades, more and more settlers made the voyage across the Atlantic to Plymouth, which gradually grew into a successful shipbuilding and fishing center. | |
| 1. A group of English were forced to leave their country in 1606 because _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A.their belief was different from the official Church B. they built their own churches in a foreign country C. they lacked financial support from the government D. they were ambitious to build the colony in America | |
| 2. How many days did the sea journey to Provincetown Harbor last? | |
| [ ] | |
| A. 103 B. 96 C. 66 D. 35 | |
| 3. Several leading teams were sent in order to _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. hunt for food for the passengers B. control local Native Americans C. build a settlement for the passengers D. explore the region for their settlement | |
| 4. From the passage we know that _____ between 1620-1621. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. 52 Mayflower passengers died of some illnesses B. Pilgrims had a good relationship with the locals C. Plymouth turned a main center for shipbuilding D. Pilgrims tried to plant corns and beans in winter | |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| Alice"s Adventures in Wondertand is one of the most loved children"s books of all time, and many adults enjoy it as well. It tells the story of a young girl named Alice, who follows a rabbit entering a magical world called Wonderland: she has many experiences which seem to change the rules of reasoning or common sense. The popularity of the book comes from its imagination, interesting story, and art work. The writer of the book is Lewis Carroll-In fact, Lewis Carroll was not the writer"s real name. His real name was Charles Dodgson. One day, he took a boat ride down the Thames River to have a picnic with three little girls who were friends of the family. To keep them entertained on the ride, he told them a story in which Alice, the middle child, was the main character. They enjoyed the story very much. Charles later wrote the story down under the name Alice"s Adventures Under Ground and gave it to Alice as a Christmas present. Later, he gave a copy to his friend George MacDnald George read it to his children and they loved it. George suggested to Charles that he make a book from his story. Charles then wrote more parts to the story until it was around 35 000 words. It was first printed in 1866, with art work by John Tenniel, under the name Alice"s Adventures in Wonderland. The book was an immediate success. One of its first fans was Queen Victoria. She imrnediately requested a collection of all of Lewis Carroll"s works. She was surprised to find that they included many works on math. In fact, Charles Dodgson was a highly respected mathematician.This can be seen in nmny puzzles and plays on reasoning that appear in his books and poems. Since the story was first printed, it has kept selling up to the present day. It has been translated into over fifty languages and has had several rnovies based on it. The story is even mentioned in the popular 1999 film The Matrix by the character Morpheus. | |
| 1. The passage is mainly about _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. Charles" family life B. a girl"s adventurous experience C. a magical world called wonderland D. the birth of a book and its lasting influences | |
| 2. Which of the followiIlg statements is TRUE according to the passage? | |
| [ ] | |
| A. The writer published his works under his real name. B. The character Alice originated from George"s child. C. John contributed partly to the popularity of the book. D. Charles offered a copy to George for advice. | |
| 3. We can learn from the passage that _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. Queen Victoria asked for a few of Charles" writings B. Charles had a gift for reasoning and writing C. Charles had an his works translated into fifty languages D. The Matrix was based on Alice"s Adventures in Wonderland | |
| 4. Which of the following is the right order of the passage? a. Charles gave his story to Alice as a Christmas present. b. Charles had a picnic with three little girls on the Thames. c. Alice"s Adventures in Wonderland was first printed in l866. d. More parts were added to the story by Charles. e. The book won a large number of fans. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. c-b-a-d-e B. c-a-b-e-d C. b-a-d-c-e D. b-a-c-e-d | |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| Americans wear black for mourning while Chinese wear white. Westerners think of dragons as monsters while Chinese honor them as symbols of God. Chinese civilization has often shown such polarities (极性) with the West, as though each stands at extreme ends of a global string. Now in the University of California, Berkeley, a psychologist has discovered deeper polarities between Chinese and American cultures-polarities that go to the heart of how we reason and discover truth. His findings go far toward explaining why American cultures seem to be contentious and Chinese cultures so passive, when compared to each other. More importantly, the research opens the way for the peoples of the East and the West to learn from each other in fundamental ways. The Chinese could leam much from Western methods for determining scientific truth, said Kaiping Peng, a former Beijing scholar, who is now a UC Berkeley assistant professor of psychology. And Americans could profit enormously from the Chinese tolerance for accepting contradictions in social and personal life, he said. "Americans have a terrible need to find out who is right in an argument," said Peng. "The problem is that at the interpersonal level you really don"t need to find the truth, or maybe there isn"t any." Chinese people, said Peng, are far more content to think that both sides have flaws and virtues, because they have a holistic (整体 的) awareness that life is full of contradictions. They do far less blaming of the individual than Americans do, he added. In studies of interpersonal argument, for example, when subjects were asked to deal with contradictory information stemming from conflict between a mother and a daughter or a student and a school, Peng found that Americans were "non-compromising, blaming one side-usually the mother-for the causes of the problems, demanding changes from one side to attain a solution and offering no compromise" in dealing with the conflict. Compared to this angry, blaming American stance, the Chinese were paragons (模范) of compromise, finding fault on both sides and looking for solutions that moved both sides to the middle. | |
| 1. In Paragraph l, the author sets examples in order to _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. expose the contradiction between Chinese and Americans B. show the differences between Chinese culture and American culture C. find the reason for the differences D. generalize the main idea of the passage | |
| 2. The underlined word "contentious" in Paragraph 2 probably means _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. conservative B. aggressive C. objective D. optimistic | |
| 3. Compared with Americans, Chinese are _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. likely to find the truth in life B. reluctant to admit their own failure C. reluctant to have a general idea of things D. likely to know advantages and disadvantages of things | |
| 4. The studies show that _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. an American treats his or her mother badly B. ideas of treating the aged are different C. personalities of Chinese and American are different D. conflicts of Americans and Chinese are different | |
| 5. The main idea of the passage is _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. polarities between American and Chinese culture B. priorities of American culture to Chinese C. different attitudes towards the aged D. different manners m social occasions | |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| The Pitcairn Islands, a group of four volcanic islands, are a British overseas territory (殖民地). The names of the islands are Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno; Only Pitcairn Island, the second largest, is inhabited (有人居住的). Henderson Island is a coral (珊瑚) island raised above the South Pacific Ocean, covering about 67% of the territory"s total land area. It has an area of 37.3 square kilometres, measuring 9.6 kilometres long and 5.1 kilometres wide. In 1988, it became a World Heritage Site (世界遗产保护区) because of its bird life. All the four kinds of special land bird (Henderson Crake, Henderson Fruit Dove, Henderson Lorikeet and Henderson Reed-warbler) can only be seen on Henderson Island. There are also fifteen non-local seabirds. Other local things include nine kinds of plants, four kinds of land snails, and one butterfly (the only kind on the island). Although no people live on Henderson Island, evidence suggests that a small Polynesian group lived here between the 12th and 15th centuries until it disappeared. The reasons for the disappearance are unknown, but are probably related to the similar disappearance of the Poly-nesians on Pitcairn Island, on whom the Hendersonians would have depended for many of the basics of the life. On January 29, 1606. Henderson island was discovered by Portuguese sailor Pedro Queiros, who named it San Joao Baptista. On January 17, 1819 the island was rediscovered by British Captain Henderson of the British East India Company ship Hercules, and named Henderson Island. On March 2, 1819, Captain Henry King, sailing aboard the Elizabeth, landed on the island to find the king"s flag already flying. He scratched the name of their ship on a tree, and for some years the island"s name was Elizabeth or Henderson. In the early 1980s, American Arthur Ratliff expressed interest.in buying Henderson island and establishing a small settlement. But the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office refused it at last, after environmentalist groups persuaded them to protect the natural ecology and environment of the island which was later named a World Heritage Site. Pitcairners have made regular trips to Henderson to harvest the wood of trees. Usually they make adventures to Henderson only once per year, but may make up to three trips if the weather is fine enough. | |
| 1. Henderson Island was called a World Heritage Site mainly because _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. there are no people living on it B. some of the birds can"t be found in other places C. it is the largest island of four volcanic islands D. It is a coral island above the South Pacific Ocean | |
| 2. When did the island get its present name? | |
| [ ] | |
| A. On January 29, 1606. B. On January 17, 1819. C. On March 2, 1819. D. In the early 1980s. | |
| 3. Ratliff"s request to buy the island was refused because _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. it was a World Heritage Site B. Ratliff offered a very low price C. it is very dangerous to live there D. the environment there can"t be destroyed | |
| 4. It can be inferred from the text that _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. Polynesians first came to Henderson Island B. Pitcairners can get to Henderson Island easily now C. volcano eruption caused the Hendersonians to disappear D. most Pitcairners used to live in Henderson Island | |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| MAY 14 marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of the state of Israel. Many Israelis, however, are not in the mood to celebrate. Looking at the damage to her neighbor"s home from a Palestinian rocket, Batia Katar, a 17-year-old Israeli girl, was in tears. "We can"t celebrate (Israel"s) independence when things like this are happening," she said. What is clear is that Israel is not a normal country. The country has a dramatic (戏剧性) history and ancient culture but has only officially existed for 60 years. Within hours after it was established in 1948, Israel was at war with its Arab neighbors for land. It won that time, and in 1956, 1967 and 1973, acquiring the West Bank, the Golan Heights, Gaza and east Jerusalem For good or ill, Israelis can take pride in victories with so many countries. However, it occupied much more land than the United Nations agreed, which left local Palestinians homeless. Different from all its neighbors in religion, Israel is also far more successful economically than its neighbors. Though, it gets a great amount of support from America and other Western countries. The country is now a world leader in many industries, such as IT and modern agriculture. However, conflict exists, just like 60 years ago. And the signal of peace is as weak as ever. Palestinian militants (武装人员) have fired more than 7 000 missiles from Gaza, mainly at Sedro, killing 13 people. In the same period hundreds of Palestinian civilians in Gaza have died in Israeli military action. In order to create peace, the world community hopes both sides accept and follow the Middle East peace plan. Optimists believe through Israeli-Palestinian negotiations there will finally be peace. Both Israelis and Palestinians want to live in peace without explosions that remind them that they are living in a special but dangerous place. | |
| 1. Why are many Israelis not in the mood to celebrate the both anniversary of the founding of the state of Israel? Because _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. the government didn"t organize it B. they are too busy to attend it C. it is dangerous to celebrate it D. conflicts and fights still exist | |
| 2. The underlined word established in the fourth paragraph means _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. defeated B. founded C. attacked D. accepted | |
| 3. Israel is not a normal country because _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. the country has a dramatic history and ancient culture but has only officially existed for 60 years B. within hours after its establishment, Israel was at war with its Arab neighbors for land C. it occupied much more land than the UN agreed, which left local Palestinians homeless D. all of the above | |
| 4. Which statement about Israel is NOT true according to the passage? | |
| [ ] | |
| A. It became a country in 1948. B. It is different from all its neighbors in religion. C. It is now a world leader in many industries, such as IT and modern agriculture. D. No country has supported it since it was founded. | |
| 5. It can be inferred from the passage that _____. | |
| [ ] | |
| A. it is still a question mark whether Israelis and Palestinians can live in peace B. Israel was created as a homeland for homeless Jews C. for good or ill, Israelis can take pride in victories with so many countries D. Israel is far more successful economically than its neighbors |