题目
题型:安徽省模拟题难度:来源:
Plymouth, Massachusetts, to begin their new settlement, Plymouth Colony.
The famous Mayflower story began in 1606, when a group of reform-minded people in England built
their own church, which was separate from the state-supported Church of England. Because of this, they
were forced to leave the country and settle in Netherlands. After 12 years of struggling to adapt and make
a hard living, the group sought financial backing from some London merchants to set up a colony in America.
On September 6, 1620, one hundred and two passengers-called Pilgrims (朝圣者) by William Bradford,
a passenger who would become the first governor of Plymouth Colony-crowded on the Mayflower to begin
the long, hard journey to a new life in the New World. On November 11, 1620, the Mayflower landed at
Provincetown Harbor. Before going on shore, 41 male passengers-heads of families, single men and three
male servants-signed the famous Mayflower contract, agreeing to form a government chosen by common
election and to obey all laws made for the good of the colony.
Over the next month, several small leading teams were sent on shore to collect firewood and hunt for a
good place to build a settlement. Around December 10, one of these groups found a harbor they liked on the
western side of Cape Cod Bay. They returned to the Mayflower to tell the other passengers, but bad weather
prevented them reaching the harbor until December 16. Two days later, the first group of Pilgrims went on
shore. After exploring the region, the settlers chose a cleared area once controlled by members of a local
Native American tribe (部落). The tribe had abandoned the village several years earlier, after an outbreak of
European disease.
That winter of 1620-1621 was really hard, as the Pilgrims struggled to build their settlement, find food and
take care of the sick By spring, 50 of the original 102 Mayflower passengers were dead. The remaining settlers
made contact with returning members of the Native American tribe and in March they signed a peace treaty (条
约) with the tribe chief. In the spring time, helped by the locals, the Pilgrims were able to plant crops-especially
corn and beans-that were necessary to their survival.
On April 5, 1621, the Mayflower and its crew left Plymouth to return to England. Over the next several
decades, more and more settlers made the voyage across the Atlantic to Plymouth, which gradually grew into
a successful shipbuilding and fishing center.
B. they built their own churches in a foreign country
C. they lacked financial support from the government
D. they were ambitious to build the colony in America
B. 96
C. 66
D. 35
B. control local Native Americans
C. build a settlement for the passengers
D. explore the region for their settlement
B. Pilgrims had a good relationship with the locals
C. Plymouth turned a main center for shipbuilding
D. Pilgrims tried to plant corns and beans in winter
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 On December 18, 1620, passengers on the British ship Mayflower came on】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
enjoy it as well. It tells the story of a young girl named Alice, who follows a rabbit entering a magical world
called Wonderland: she has many experiences which seem to change the rules of reasoning or common
sense. The popularity of the book comes from its imagination, interesting story, and art work.
The writer of the book is Lewis Carroll-In fact, Lewis Carroll was not the writer"s real name. His real
name was Charles Dodgson. One day, he took a boat ride down the Thames River to have a picnic with
three little girls who were friends of the family. To keep them entertained on the ride, he told them a story
in which Alice, the middle child, was the main character. They enjoyed the story very much.
Charles later wrote the story down under the name Alice"s Adventures Under Ground and gave it to Alice
as a Christmas present. Later, he gave a copy to his friend George MacDnald George read it to his children
and they loved it. George suggested to Charles that he make a book from his story. Charles then wrote more
parts to the story until it was around 35 000 words. It was first printed in 1866, with art work by John
Tenniel, under the name Alice"s Adventures in Wonderland. The book was an immediate success.
One of its first fans was Queen Victoria. She imrnediately requested a collection of all of Lewis Carroll"s
works. She was surprised to find that they included many works on math. In fact, Charles Dodgson was a
highly respected mathematician.This can be seen in nmny puzzles and plays on reasoning that appear in his
books and poems.
Since the story was first printed, it has kept selling up to the present day. It has been translated into over
fifty languages and has had several rnovies based on it. The story is even mentioned in the popular 1999 film
The Matrix by the character Morpheus.
B. a girl"s adventurous experience
C. a magical world called wonderland
D. the birth of a book and its lasting influences
B. The character Alice originated from George"s child.
C. John contributed partly to the popularity of the book.
D. Charles offered a copy to George for advice.
B. Charles had a gift for reasoning and writing
C. Charles had an his works translated into fifty languages
D. The Matrix was based on Alice"s Adventures in Wonderland
a. Charles gave his story to Alice as a Christmas present.
b. Charles had a picnic with three little girls on the Thames.
c. Alice"s Adventures in Wonderland was first printed in l866.
d. More parts were added to the story by Charles.
e. The book won a large number of fans.
B. c-a-b-e-d
C. b-a-d-c-e
D. b-a-c-e-d
while Chinese honor them as symbols of God. Chinese civilization has often shown such polarities (极性)
with the West, as though each stands at extreme ends of a global string. Now in the University of California,
Berkeley, a psychologist has discovered deeper polarities between Chinese and American cultures-polarities
that go to the heart of how we reason and discover truth.
His findings go far toward explaining why American cultures seem to be contentious and Chinese cultures
so passive, when compared to each other. More importantly, the research opens the way for the peoples of
the East and the West to learn from each other in fundamental ways. The Chinese could leam much from
Western methods for determining scientific truth, said Kaiping Peng, a former Beijing scholar, who is now
a UC Berkeley assistant professor of psychology. And Americans could profit enormously from the Chinese
tolerance for accepting contradictions in social and personal life, he said.
"Americans have a terrible need to find out who is right in an argument," said Peng. "The problem is that
at the interpersonal level you really don"t need to find the truth, or maybe there isn"t any." Chinese people, said
Peng, are far more content to think that both sides have flaws and virtues, because they have a holistic (整体
的) awareness that life is full of contradictions. They do far less blaming of the individual than Americans do,
he added.
In studies of interpersonal argument, for example, when subjects were asked to deal with contradictory
information stemming from conflict between a mother and a daughter or a student and a school, Peng found
that Americans were "non-compromising, blaming one side-usually the mother-for the causes of the problems,
demanding changes from one side to attain a solution and offering no compromise" in dealing with the conflict.
Compared to this angry, blaming American stance, the Chinese were paragons (模范) of compromise, finding
fault on both sides and looking for solutions that moved both sides to the middle.
B. show the differences between Chinese culture and American culture
C. find the reason for the differences
D. generalize the main idea of the passage
B. aggressive
C. objective
D. optimistic
B. reluctant to admit their own failure
C. reluctant to have a general idea of things
D. likely to know advantages and disadvantages of things
B. ideas of treating the aged are different
C. personalities of Chinese and American are different
D. conflicts of Americans and Chinese are different
B. priorities of American culture to Chinese
C. different attitudes towards the aged
D. different manners m social occasions
of the islands are Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno; Only Pitcairn Island, the second largest, is inhabited
(有人居住的).
Henderson Island is a coral (珊瑚) island raised above the South Pacific Ocean, covering about 67% of the
territory"s total land area. It has an area of 37.3 square kilometres, measuring 9.6 kilometres long and 5.1
kilometres wide. In 1988, it became a World Heritage Site (世界遗产保护区) because of its bird life.
All the four kinds of special land bird (Henderson Crake, Henderson Fruit Dove, Henderson Lorikeet and
Henderson Reed-warbler) can only be seen on Henderson Island. There are also fifteen non-local seabirds.
Other local things include nine kinds of plants, four kinds of land snails, and one butterfly (the only kind on
the island).
Although no people live on Henderson Island, evidence suggests that a small Polynesian group lived here
between the 12th and 15th centuries until it disappeared. The reasons for the disappearance are unknown,
but are probably related to the similar disappearance of the Poly-nesians on Pitcairn Island, on whom the
Hendersonians would have depended for many of the basics of the life.
On January 29, 1606. Henderson island was discovered by Portuguese sailor Pedro Queiros, who named
it San Joao Baptista. On January 17, 1819 the island was rediscovered by British Captain Henderson of the
British East India Company ship Hercules, and named Henderson Island. On March 2, 1819, Captain Henry
King, sailing aboard the Elizabeth, landed on the island to find the king"s flag already flying. He scratched
the name of their ship on a tree, and for some years the island"s name was Elizabeth or Henderson.
In the early 1980s, American Arthur Ratliff expressed interest.in buying Henderson island and establishing
a small settlement. But the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office refused it at last, after environmentalist
groups persuaded them to protect the natural ecology and environment of the island which was later named
a World Heritage Site.
Pitcairners have made regular trips to Henderson to harvest the wood of trees. Usually they make
adventures to Henderson only once per year, but may make up to three trips if the weather is fine enough.
B. some of the birds can"t be found in other places
C. it is the largest island of four volcanic islands
D. It is a coral island above the South Pacific Ocean
B. On January 17, 1819.
C. On March 2, 1819.
D. In the early 1980s.
B. Ratliff offered a very low price
C. it is very dangerous to live there
D. the environment there can"t be destroyed
B. Pitcairners can get to Henderson Island easily now
C. volcano eruption caused the Hendersonians to disappear
D. most Pitcairners used to live in Henderson Island
not in the mood to celebrate.
Looking at the damage to her neighbor"s home from a Palestinian rocket, Batia Katar, a 17-year-old Israeli
girl, was in tears. "We can"t celebrate (Israel"s) independence when things like this are happening," she said.
What is clear is that Israel is not a normal country. The country has a dramatic (戏剧性) history and
ancient culture but has only officially existed for 60 years. Within hours after it was established in 1948, Israel
was at war with its Arab neighbors for land. It won that time, and in 1956, 1967 and 1973, acquiring the West
Bank, the Golan Heights, Gaza and east Jerusalem For good or ill, Israelis can take pride in victories with so
many countries. However, it occupied much more land than the United Nations agreed, which left local
Palestinians homeless.
Different from all its neighbors in religion, Israel is also far more successful economically than its neighbors.
Though, it gets a great amount of support from America and other Western countries. The country is now a
world leader in many industries, such as IT and modern agriculture.
However, conflict exists, just like 60 years ago. And the signal of peace is as weak as ever. Palestinian
militants (武装人员) have fired more than 7 000 missiles from Gaza, mainly at Sedro, killing 13 people. In the
same period hundreds of Palestinian civilians in Gaza have died in Israeli military action.
In order to create peace, the world community hopes both sides accept and follow the Middle East peace
plan. Optimists believe through Israeli-Palestinian negotiations there will finally be peace.
Both Israelis and Palestinians want to live in peace without explosions that remind them that they are living
in a special but dangerous place.
Israel? Because _____.
B. they are too busy to attend it
C. it is dangerous to celebrate it
D. conflicts and fights still exist
B. founded
C. attacked
D. accepted
B. within hours after its establishment, Israel was at war with its Arab neighbors for land
C. it occupied much more land than the UN agreed, which left local Palestinians homeless
D. all of the above
B. It is different from all its neighbors in religion.
C. It is now a world leader in many industries, such as IT and modern agriculture.
D. No country has supported it since it was founded.
B. Israel was created as a homeland for homeless Jews
C. for good or ill, Israelis can take pride in victories with so many countries
D. Israel is far more successful economically than its neighbors
see someone with their head buried in a Lonely Planet guidebook.
Lonely Planet is one of the world"s largest travel guide brands, publishing more than 500 different
guides in eight languages. The popular brand also produces television shows, websites and podcasts (播客)
all devoted to travel.
Some people praise Lonely Planet books because they make traveling easy and affordable. They also save
time and make sure you don"t miss the best things.
They also provide the reviews of hostels (旅店), hotels, restaurants and ticket information about your
destination.
This can be great if you"re a nervous traveler, or if you haven"t traveled hy yourself before. If you"re in
a country where you don"t speak the language, sometimes there"s nothing better than getting into a taxi and
opening up a guidebook. You simply point to a map that directs the taxi driver to a hostel that"s cheap and
clean, with friendly staff and cold beer.
But others criticize Lonely Planet and other travel guide publishers like them. They say guidebooks take
the fun and spontaneity (自发性) out of traveling, and that part of the enjoyment of travel comes from the
fact that anything can happen. They also regret that if you follow a guidebook, you"ll end up doing the same
thing and having the same experience as everyone else. You might end up seeing the same group of people
over and over, because everyone is reading the same book and following the same route.
Another criticism of travel guides is that they have a large impact on local communities. For cxample,
some locals devote their lives to behaving in ways that attract tourists. They pretend to live a traditional
lifestyle, wear traditional clothes and live in traditional houses in order to attract the tourist dollar.
B. you can easily find a nice place to stay in a strange city
C. it provides lots of useful information about your destination
D. it can help you save time and money when traveling
B. tourist destinations will be crowded if everyone follows the same route
C. travelers may not get the chance to have unexpected adventures
D. local people keep modern lifestyles under its influence
B. It"s very useful to a person who"s nervous about touring an unfamiliar place.
C. It"s very u.seful to a tourist who likes to repeat others" experiences.
D. It is loved by all travelers because of the convenience it brings to travelers.
C. D.
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