题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (男子气概), the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to be consistent to a stereotype, a US study says.Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their abilities to express their emotions, rather than feeling they had to obey to the “boy code” of hiding their emotions to be a “real man”.
The findings of the study are against the received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.
Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys were being ignored by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.
The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.
But in single-sex schools teachers can adjust lessons to boys’learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study’s author, Abigail James of the University of Virginia.
Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with “boy-focused” approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have sharper vision, learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given “hands-on” lessons where they are allowed to walk around. “Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine (女性的) and prefer the modern type in which violence and sexism are major themes,” James wrote.
Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to give in to a stereotype that men should be “masterful and in charge” in relationships. “In mixed schools boys feel pressed to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means,” the study reported.
小题1:The author believes that a single-sex school would ____ .
A.force boys to hide their emotions to be “real men” |
B.help to form masculine aggressiveness in boys |
C.encourage boys to express their emotions more freely |
D.naturally place emphasis on the traditional image of a man to boys |
A.perform relatively better | B.grow up more healthily |
C.behave more responsibly | D.receive a better education |
A.It fails more boys than girls academically. |
B.It focuses more on mixed school education. |
C.It fails to give boys the attention they need. |
D.It places more pressure on boys than on girls. |
A.teaching can be adapted to suit the characteristics of boys |
B.boys can focus on their lessons without being absent-minded |
C.boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in |
D.teaching can be designed to promote boys’ team spirit |
A.They enjoy being in charge. |
B.They act the same to stereotypes. |
C.They have sharper vision. |
D.They are violent and sexist. |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:C
解析
试题分析:本文是一篇说明文,说明了美国一项研究,男孩在单一性别学校更能参与艺术活动,帮助发展表达自己情感的能力
小题1:细节题,由第二段第三行Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their abilities to express their emotions, rather than feeling they had to obey to the “boy code” of hiding their emotions to be a “real man”可以知道答案,故选C。
小题2:细节题,由第五段The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.可以知道答案,所以选A。
小题3:细节题,由第四段warned that boys were being ignored by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.可以知道答案,所以选C
小题4:细节题,由倒数第二段第一句Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with “boy-focused” approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them可以知道答案,所以选A
小题5:细节题,由倒数第二段第二句Because boys generally have sharper vision, learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given “hands-on” lessons where they are allowed to walk around.可以知道答案,所以选C
点评:本文主要考查细节题,做细节题的关键是找出原文的根据,认真核查题支和原文的异同,常犯错误有:绝对化语言,范围扩大或缩小,以偏概全,张冠李戴等。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。
核心考点
试题【Boys’ schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. Today they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.
However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter how famous the product’s origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the initial(最初的) attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty(忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels.
Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to reduce a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego’s(自我的) potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion—like celebrity—has always been temporary.
小题1:Fashion magazines today .
A.seldom put models on the cover |
B.no longer put models on the cover |
C.need not worry about celebrities’ market potential |
D.judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly |
A.price rather than brand name is more concerned |
B.producers prefer models to celebrities for advertisements |
C.producers prefer TV actresses to film stars for advertisements |
D.quality rather than the outside of products is more concerned |
A.decrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his products |
B.damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general public |
C.cut short the artistic career of a celebrity in show business |
D.influence the price of a celebrity’s products |
A.celebrity and personal style | B.celebrity and market potential |
C.celebrity and fashion design | D.celebrity and clothing industry |
The Ms. Foundation, an organization for women, started the program about ten years ago. In the U.S., many women work outside the home. The Ms. Foundation wanted girls to find out about many different kinds of jobs. Then, when the girls grow up, they can choose a job they like.
Cara"s father is a film director. Cara says, “It was very exciting for me to go to the studio with my dad. I saw a lot of people doing different jobs.” Many businesses have special activities for girls on this day. Last year, Cara went to work with her aunt at the University of Massachusetts. In the engineering department, the girls learned to build a bridge with toothpicks and Candy. In the chemistry department, they learned to use scales. They learned about many other kinds of jobs, too.
Right now, Cara does not know what job she will have when she grows up. But because of Take Our Daughters to Work Day, she knows she h2Ls many choices.
小题1:What is Cara"s father?
A.An engineer. | B.An official. | C.A moviemaker. | D.A professor. |
A.on every Thursday in April |
B.a holiday for girls of all ages |
C.a day for girls to know about jobs |
D.a day for girls to get a job easily |
A.she learned to use scales |
B.she worked as an actress |
C.she went to work with her aunt |
D.she used toothpicks and Candy to build a bridge |
A.Cara Lang, a Fortunate Girl |
B.Take Our Daughters to Work Day |
C.Children"s Day and Work Day |
D.Ms. Foundation, an Organization for Women |
Americans have an unspoken rule about tipping: they give tips to almost everyone who offers them a service of some kind. Americans tip their waiters, barbers and taxi drivers. An appropriate tip is between 15 and 20 percent of the amount charged for the service (But the charge for the tip doesn’t appear on the bill. The customer is expected to add it himself/herself.) Tipping less than this sends a message to your waiters that you think they’ve done a bad job serving you. And to leave no tip at all is simply unacceptable.
It’s not that American waiters are greedy. In many countries, waiters are paid a salary for their work. They’ll earn money even if no one comes into the restaurant. This system offers much more safety for waiters than the American version. In the US, waiters know that a night without customers means a night without pay.
Some countries include a tip for waiters – a “service charge” – on the bill itself. Since the tip is included with the other charges, waiters don’t need to worry about people forgetting to tip. But in the US, waiters do not receive a salary, and service charges only appear on bills when there are six or more customers at the table.
Since almost all American customers are familiar with the system, they know to add a tip without being told. But visitors to the US may expect waiters to be paid a salary, or think that the tip is included on the bill.
So much as we waiters loved hearing stories about other places from our foreign customers, we were always nervous when they got ready to leave the restaurant. We were never sure what to expect.
小题1:If you order $200 worth of food, which of the following is a proper total payment?
A.$200 | B.$215 | C.$220 | D.$230 |
A.because they are unfamiliar with the American tip system . |
B.because they are too mean to give tips to any waiter. |
C.because they have difficulty communicating with waiters. |
D.because they are not really easy to become satisfied. |
A. The service charge never appear on the bill in the USA.
B. Customers are usually expected to tip waiters in the USA.
C. Dining out in other countries is much more expensive than in the USA.
D. Waiters in other countries earn much more money than those in the USA.
小题4:What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To complain about the difficult life of American waiters. |
B.To warn other waiters not to serve any foreign customer. |
C.To call on foreign customers to leave tips for American waiters. |
D.To tell us something about American waiters’ salary system. |
A study by the center found that more than 90 percent of women who off-ramp want to on-ramp back into the work force eventually.But making the transition back to work is rarely easy,and it is even harder in this economic climate of layoffs and hiring freezes.
Considering some of the obstacles faced by on- rampers , a three-day program called “Greater Returns:Restarting Your Career” was held at Columbia University. The goal of the three days was to have them walk away with a big shot of confidence.
According to one school of thought, women looking to make a comeback might even have an advantage in the current economy,especially if they are looking for part-time or consultant positions that do not offer benefits. And a majority of on-rampers are women with extensive working experiences that could give them a slight advantage over less-experienced competition.
“You absolutely cannot be defensive about why you off-ramped,” Ms Hoffman says, “ defensive” would have put her into a hard situation if the Greater Returns program had had not taught her how to describe the years she spent at home.“I now feel confident talking to an employer and saying,‘ Yes,I have been out of the work force,but here is where I can make significant contributions.’”
小题1:What is the best title for the passage?
A.Off ramp:it is common |
B.On ramp:it is easy |
C.Off ramp or on ramp:it depends on confidence |
D.Off ramp to on ramp:it can be a hard Journey |
A.is intended to relieve the pressure of the jobless women |
B.has all the jobless women restart their career |
C.will build up the confidence of those in search of jobs |
D.is to last a11 the year around for the jobless women |
A.they have to suffer the sexual discrimination |
B.they have to parent their children |
C.they reach a crossroad of career |
D.they have great work pressure |
A.she didn’t get advice from the Greater Returns program |
B.she was defensive about her off-ramping |
C.she didn’t get the job because she lied about her experience |
D.she is off ramp partly due to her straightforward manner |
A.Regular workers. | B.Casual workers. |
C.Company managers. | D.Bank clerks. |
Because she only had enough time to take one class at a time, it took her seven years to complete the courses her boss asked her to take on. She received the promotion as her boss promised and wasn’t planning to continue a degree. But a request from her father, who was dying of cancer, made her think twice. He said to her, “Kathy, why don’t you just keep going and get your degree?”
Before he passed away, he made her promise that she would finish it. And he made her a promise in turn. Vitzthum’s parents had agreed to give each of their children a valuable gift when they graduated from college, and Vitzthum was obsessed with an antique she’d come across and knew that she couldn’t afford. After she promised to graduate from college, her parents bought her the antique. Her father told her, “I’m not going to be around when you graduate, so I’ll give this to you now. But it doesn’t _________ until you graduate from college.”
Since then, Vitzthum has looked at that antique every day and remembered the promise she had made to her father. Despite a hectic life as a wife, mother and full-time employee, she’s taken one course every semester for the last 19 years. And finally, at the age of 48, she graduated with a bachelor’s degree in accounting --- and she was excited to accept full ownership (所有权) of the antique that she’d borrowed for more than a decade.
小题1:What had contributed to Kathy’s studying the accounting program at Iowa State University?
___________________________________________________________________
小题2:Why did it take Kathy seven years to finish the accounting program?(no more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________
小题3:What did Kathy’s father make her promise to do before he died?(no more than 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________
小题4:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words.(no more than 3 words)
___________________________________________________________________
小题5:What does the passage mainly talk about?(no more than 12 words)
___________________________________________________________________
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