题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
MONTAGNE: How many things emit radiation?
Dr CARACAPPA: Well, radiation and radioactive material is a part of nature. So everything that’s living has some amount of radiation coming from it—a very small amout. Plus there’s radiation in the ground and the air.
So the extremes are uranium in the soil to bananas?
Yes.
By the way, why do bananas have radiation?
Bananas have a lot of potassium(钾). And a small amount of potassium naturally is called potassium 40, which is radioactive
What’s the difference between radiation that’s harmful and not harmful?
Well, the term radiation can apply to a lot of different things. But the harmful radiation is ionizing(离子)radiation. It has enough energy that it can make chemical changes in material. We could get ionizing radiation from an X-ray, for example. It’s the kind of radiation that causes cancer.
The broader definition of radiation includes a lot of things that we call non-ionizing radiation. That includes everything like radio waves and visible light and your microwave.
So what then is the largest contributor of ionizing radiation?
For the natural sources of ionizing radiation, actually the biggest chunk of that tends to come from radon(氡), which is a radioactive material that is present in the air. It can become a concern when it builds up in low-lying areas of homes like basements.
Would it be fair to say that most people do not need to worry about the danger of being exposed to radiation?
I would say that the everyday exposure to radioation that we meet contributes an extremely tiny risk to our life or to our health compared to all of the other risks that we meet in our day-to-day life.
小题1:We can infer from the first paragraph that radiation is______.
| A．rare | B．powerful | C．dangerous | D．common |
| A．an interview | B．an argument | C．a talk show program | D．a science report |
| A．whether it has a small amount of potassium |
| B．whether it changes chemical in materials. |
| C．whether it has energy to change materials |
| D．whether it is visible in life |
| A．advise on how to protect us from radiation |
| B．analyze what causes radiation in daily life |
| C．warn people of the danger of radiation |
| D．expect people not to fear everyday radiation |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:B
小题4:D
解析
试题分析：文章通过一次采访报道介绍了放射性的辐射是很普遍的现象，人们没有必要过于担心。
小题1:D 推理题。根据第一段第二行Experts say so far there is no reason to worry, and point out that we meet radiation every day.说明在我们的生活中放射性是很常见的事情，故D正确。
小题2:A 推理题。根据第一段最后两行NPR’s Renee Montagne posed that question to Peter Caracappa, a radiation safety officer and professor of nuclear engineering.说明Montagne在采访一名核方面的教授，故这是一次采访活动，A正确。
小题3:B 推理题。根据倒数第六段But the harmful radiation is ionizing(离子)radiation. It has enough energy that it can make chemical changes in material.说明当这样的离子有足够的能量产生化学反应的时候，就对人体有害了，故B正确。
小题4:D 主旨大意题。根据文章的主题段第一段可知在日常生活中放射性随处可见，是一种很普遍的现象，人们没有必要过去担心。故D正确。
点评：科普类短文是考生感觉难度较大的短文，因为文章中的生词较多，理解起来有一定的难度，在阅读时要培养猜测词义的能力和推理能力。
核心考点
试题【We’ve heard about radiation from the damaged nuclear reactors in Japan reaching 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
When he felt he was ready to start work, he discovered a flaw (瑕疵) . He had to begin his calculations all over again, or he might have made the stone useless. Six months passed, and Kaplan finally said to the owner, “I am ready to start my work. There will be one excellent diamond that will be comparable one excellent diamond of first-class quality (质量) " Kaplan waited a few more days until he felt he was in the best physical and mental (精神的) condition(条件) possible. He picked up his tools (工具) and held his breath as he made the diamond exactly as he promised.
小题1:Joker found one of the biggest diamonds in the world_________.
| A．in a minute | B．at the foot of a big mountain |
| C．in his own back yard | D．in a garage (汽车库) |
| A．in the diamond business | B．who stole diamonds |
| C．who cuts diamonds | D．who sells diamonds |
| A．the dealer lost a lot of money |
| B．Joker made some more money |
| C．the dealer got 800, 000 dollars |
| D．Kaplan got 800,000 dollars |
| A．$ 300, 000 | B．$ 500,000 |
| C．$ 300, 000 | D．$ 800,000,000 |
| A．more than one and a half years |
| B．more than half a year |
| C．over eight months |
| D．more than nineteen months |
Figures show an ever-increasing crime rate, but it is only too easy to imagine "It will never happen to me". Unfortunately, statistics show that it really can happen to you and, if you live in a large city, you run twice the risk of being a victim.
Fortunately, there is something definite which you can do. Protect Alarms can help to protect your house with a burglar alarm system（报警系统） which is effective, simple to operate and easily affordable.
You must remember that owning a burglar alarm is no indication(暗示) that your house is packed with valuable possessions. It quite simply indicates to unwelcome visitors that yours is one house they will not break into easily, so they carry on to an unprotected house where their job is made a lot easier.
Send now for our free leaflet(宣传册) telling you how we can Protect Alarm your house quickly, easily and cheaply. Complete and tear off the slip below and post it to us. Postage is free. Also, telephone us on 327 6721 where we have a round-the-clock answering service. It costs nothing to find out about Protect Alarm.
小题1:Anyone who takes an interest in the crime rate will, according to the text, be aware that ___________.
| A．more burglars are being caught than ever before |
| B．people have more possessions to worry about nowadays |
| C．burglars are more at risk than they used to be |
| D．homes are more likely to be broken into nowadays |
| A．more often victims than those living in other areas |
| B．of the opinion that statistics are wrong |
| C．twice as well as people living in other areas |
| D．of the opinion that burglars only rob unprotected homes |
| A．show burglars that you have something worth stealing |
| B．persuade burglars not to break into your house |
| C．make the burglars" job less complicated |
| D．persuade burglars to try again another time |
| A．buy a leaflet |
| B．write enclosing a stamped, addressed envelope |
| C．sign a contract |
| D．phone at any time of day or night |
| A．Pictures | B．Fingers | C．Numbers | D．Mathematics |
When Derrius was 4, his father was killed. His mother couldn’t take care of him because of taking drugs. Derrius and his 9-year-old brother sometimes had to steal food to eat. Derrius felt different from other kids. In seventh grade, Derrius went to live in a foster home (寄养家庭). His foster parents weren’t nice to him. They told him that he’d never be anything in life.
Derrius didn’t do his best in school. The summer after ninth grade, that changed. Derrius had signed up for a biology class. He didn’t go to class the first day. On the second day, he showed up late. His teacher took him outside. She told him he was smart, but that he was wasting his potential (潜力). The talk inspired him and he planned to prove that he could be anything if he worked hard enough.
Adults at a summer program helped Derrius find out about scholarships he could earn to pay for college. In his senior year, Derrius filled out lots of applications. He told his friends, “You’re not going to see me for a long time.” Derrius’s hard work paid off. He won more than $1 million in scholarships! He has a lot to be proud of. But he’s most proud of helping others. Derrius gives speeches to teens, telling them how to find scholarships. In high school, Derrius got help buying a computer. He wanted to help others who needed them. Last year, he gave two laptops to high schoolstudents. There’s a lot of work in his future. Derrius doesn’t mind — hard work has got him where he is today. He knows it can take him anywhere.
小题1: From Paragraphs 2 and 3, we can learn that Derrius _____.
| A．always studied hard in school |
| B．lived in the same foster home with his brother |
| C．hated his parents very much |
| D．was encouraged a lot by his biology teacher |
| A．great success | B．a scholarship |
| C．hard work | D．a computer |
| A．Lazy but kind-hearted. |
| B．Selfish and naughty. |
| C．Confident but troublesome（带来麻烦的）. |
| D．Determined and generous（慷慨的）. |
| A．The way to win a scholarship to a college. |
| B．The importance of family background. |
| C．Never forget people who have helped you. |
| D．Hard work pays off sooner or later. |
Ashish Khanna: Although many argue that pocket money helps develop children’s sense of value, I don’t agree. I wouldn’t give my child any pocket money. First of all, I never got pocket money and I seem to have a good value for money. If my child ever needed something and I felt it was a reasonable (合理的) request, I would buy it for him.
Sharad Sanghi: No, I wouldn’t give my child pocket money because I don’t want to create the perception (观念) of “her” money and “my” money. Besides, if I refuse to buy her something that I think is bad for her, she may buy it with her pocket money on the sly. In this way, I would lose control over my child’s requests. I feel it also encourages children to care more about money than anything else. I don’t want my child to start judging other children by the amount of money or pocket money they have.
Rakesh Shah: Yes, I would give my child pocket money because I feel that children should learn to spend money properly. I will give him a fixed amount every month and if he spends the money before the month is over, he will learn a lesson and not spend money so freely. He will learn what his limitations (限制) are and feel the difficulty when he has to pay for something that is over his own pocket.
Rajiv Patel: Yes, I would give my child pocket money because it is important that he learns to manage money. But I would not give it to him on a weekly or monthly basis. He would have to earn it. If he helped me finish some of my jobs or helped his mother with housework, I would reward him. This helps him realize that “money does not grow on trees” and it requires hard work to earn money.
小题1:Ashish Khanna may agree that _____.
| A．he was given too much pocket money when young |
| B．he can take much control of his child by money |
| C．he will buy anything he thinks his child really needs |
| D．pocket money helps children develop a good value for money |
| A．for free | B．at a lower price |
| C．happily | D．secretly |
| A．Ashish Khanna. | B．Sharad Sanghi. |
| C．Rakesh Shah. | D．Rajiv Patel. |
| A．They want their children to learn to manage money from an early age. |
| B．They ask their children to get pocket money by working. |
| C．They teach their children the difficulty of making money. |
| D．They allow their children to spend money freely. |
Then you began to try making the sounds you heard. And step by step you were able to make the right sound for one thing.On that day you came to understand the secret of language. The secret is that a certain sound means a certain thing. One sound might be as good as another. But it is no good as a word unless everybody agrees on its meaning. Only when a group of people use the same set of sounds of things, can they understand each other. Then, and only then do these people have a LANGUAGE.
After you found the secret of language, you learned words. Some of the words meant things, such as BOOKS, CHAIRS and SHOES. Some words meant doing things, such as GO and SWIM. And other words describe things, such as GOOD and DIRTY. Soon you learned to put words together to express one’s idea, such as “I want to go out and play with my friends.” This is language. By means of language people can communicate. So we say languages are means of communication.
小题1:When you were a little baby, you_________.
| A．made sounds to let people know that you wanted to eat |
| B．spent most of your time playing with your parents |
| C．could not hear any sound around you |
| D．spent most of your time eating, playing and crying |
| A．one sound might be as good as another |
| B．people can understand each other |
| C．a certain sound is for a certain thing |
| D．there is a special sound for each person |
| A．before you knew what the language was |
| B．after you knew what the language was |
| C．if you knew the secret of the language |
| D．when you were a baby |
| A．to get everying one wants from others |
| B．to say what one wants to know |
| C．to share ideas, opinions, news, etc with one another |
| D．to make oneself understood by others |
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