题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Facial expressions carry meanings, which depends on situations and relationships. For instance, in American culture the smile is typically an expression of 36 .Yet it has other functions. A smile may 37 love, politeness, or 38 true feeling. It is also a source of confusion across 39 . 40 , many people in Russia 41 smiling at strangers in public to be unusual or even suspicious. Yet many Americans 42 freely at strangers in public places. Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong 43 ; some Americans believe that Russians don"t smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover emotional pain or mental difficulty, discomfort or anxiety.
Our faces make our emotions and attitudes known, 44 we should not try to "read" people from another culture 45 we would "read" someone from our own culture. The degree of facial expressiveness one shows changes 46 persons and cultures. The fact that members of one culture do not 47 their emotions as openly as members of 48 does not mean 49 they do not 50 emotions. Rather, their cultures 51 them expressing their emotion and attitudes freely.
If we 52 people whose 53 of showing emotion are not the same according to 54 own cultural patterns, we may make the 55 of "reading" the other persons incorrectly.
36. A. worried B. surprise C. excitement D. pleasure
37. A. show B. tell C. sound D. seem
38. A. cover B. cultures C. include D. suggest
39. A. countries B. cultures C. nations D. oceans
40. A. In a word B. As a result C. For example D. On the contrary
41. A. keep B. enjoy C. continue D. consider
42. A. stare B. smile C. look D. shout
43. A. direction B. manner C. time D. place
44. A. and B. so C. but D. or
45. A. as B. though C. unless D. since
46. A. among B. into C. between D. about
47. A. find B. form C. express D. control
48. A. the others B. others C. the other D. another
49. A. whether B. that C. if D. why
50. A. experience B. use C. bring D. carry
51. A. feel B. keep C. prevent D. make
52. A. think B. observe C. judge D. watch
53. A. hopes B. ways C. thoughts D. means
54. A. your B. their C. one"s D. our
55. A. answer B. mistake C. promise D. use
答案
36-40 DAABC 41-45 DBDCA 46-50 ACDBA 51-55 CCBDB
解析
核心考点
试题【第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白的最佳选项，并在答题卡上】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
III阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
As summer comes near, many children are really happy to forget about school for a few months. However, studies have found that children typically forget between one and three months’ worth of school learning during the summer months. Spelling and math abilities suffer the most, while reading is not really influenced by the time off. The most probable reason for this is that most children read at least occasionally outside of the classroom, whether newspapers, magazines, books, or video game guides. However, their math and spelling skills only get exercised in the school setting.
The original purpose of summer vacations was to let farm children have time off to help work in the fields in the high growing season, but this reason is no longer valid since fewer kids actually work on farms today. Some cities in the United States, such as Los Angeles, have moved to a year-round school calendar, which may help reduce the academic decline that occurs during the long summer vacation. Most cities still use the normal nine and a half-month calendars. To improve skills and to maintain a good level of preparation, experts recommend trips to museums, summer camps, and visits to libraries to keep kids mentally active and interested throughout the summer.
There are other educational systems that provide vacations while still keeping students’ skills sharp(敏锐的). For example, in Japan students attend class for seven weeks continuously, followed by two weeks of vacation. This continues throughout the year. In Italy, students attend class six days per week, but finish at 1:30 PM each day, so that school does not dominate their life the way that it does in America.
Educational specialists fear that the three-month summer vacation stops the continuity of learning. Just as students become accustomed to new concepts in reading, writing, or critical thinking skills, they “shut down” for an extended period. When they go back to school after the long summer vacation, they take up to two months to return to their previous level of understanding. And so the debate continues: whether to continue the present vacations or to seek changes.
41. Spelling and math abilities suffer the most during the summer months because children _____.
A. take the summer vacation too seriously
B. do little work of math or spelling
C. don’t like spelling and math
D. have to help work in the fields
42. What can be learned from the passage?
A. Students read in summer vacations.
B. Nowadays no children work on farm in summer vacations.
C. The United States has cancelled summer vacations.
D. The nine and a half-month calendars help improve skills.
43. What is one of the advantages of Japan and Italy’s educational systems?
A. They provide students with shorter vacations every year.
B. The students have more free time of their own to play.
C. They offer vacations without affecting students’ skills.
D. The students attend classes for longer time every week.
44. What does the underlined phrase “shut down” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. Stop learning. B. Get sick.
C. Go on vacation. D. Concentrate on their studies.
45. What is the best title for the passage?
A. How to Spend Summer Vacations.
B. No More Summer Vacations.
C. Summer Vacations: Change or Not
D. New Educational Systems Needed
C
Telepathy: Mind-to-mind Contact
Telepathy is the ability to communicate without the use of the five senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste). It’s an instinct (本能) which can be woken up in times of emergency or need. When we feel that something is happening or about to happen by instinct, we’re using resources within the unconscious mind. When the resources of two persons’ unconscious minds link together into the same frequency, we call it Telepathy.
We can either send or receive Telepathy. If you know who is calling before you answer the ringing phone, you are probably a good receiver. If you think of a person and he/she calls you, you are most likely to be better at sending.
You can easily put your abilities to the test. Think of somebody and will him or her to contact you. Be patient. The other person may not be a good receiver, but they should contact you much earlier than would normally be expected. Or whenever the phones rings, but try “feeling” who is contacting you. Don’t guess, but try to feel it with your mind. However, if neither of these work for you, that doesn’t mean that you have no ability of telepathy. As mentioned earlier, telepathy is most likely to turn up in case of emergency.
Telepathy dreams often contain telepathic messages. Two people may both dream of the other and find that their dreams had a clear connection. These people are probably linking to each other’s unconscious mind.
Telepathy & Relationships. The more people spend time together, the more likely they are to be able to link up to the other’s mind, specially when separated. There are two reasons for this. One is that they understand the other’s mind through time spent together； the other is that there is usually a strong desire to communicate. A mother will often sense that her child is in danger. This is due to the child’s eagerly wanting his or her mother, knowing that this person who would always want to be there for them, and the mother’s deep desire to protect her child from harm.
64. Telepathy turns up when we ____.
A. sense a close friend in danger B. use the five senses together
C. recall things from our memory D. think of a stranger
65. You’re better at sending than receiving Telepathy if you ____.
A. can feel your mom is in danger B. receive a friend’s call as you wish
C. can tell who knocks at your door D. dream of a friend dreaming of you
66. Which is not the way to help people gain Telepathy?
A. Help them have a strong desire to communicate. B. Separate them all the time.
C. Help them link up their unconscious minds. D. Let them spend much time together.
C
It is a lot of trouble to learn a new language. When we go to all that trouble, we certainly want to be understood. But understanding is based on more than speech. Sometimes misunderstanding comes not from the wrong words, but from the wrong style. In our own country, we learn the style for politeness. But this polite style may be misunderstood in another country. This can cause unexpected difficulties. Since you have spent so much effort learning this new language, it is sensible and practical to learn the politeness rules also. Even if you think some of the customs are foolish, learning them can help you to be clearly understood.
In your country, is it considered polite to listen quietly to other people without any change of expression on the face? If this is the style you have learned, perhaps you should watch two Americans talking. Notice how the person who is listening will have frequent changes of expression. The listener may also make little remarks while the other person is talking. These little remarks may be one word, like “Really?” or they may just be a little sound, like “Uhhuh” or “Mmm.” This is the way American listeners show that they are listening in a friendly way. This is why Americans get uneasy when the listener is silent and shows no change of expression. In the American style of speaking, an unmoving face often means that the listener is unfriendly, or perhaps even angry.
Sometimes people from two countries are uncomfortable with each other for very small reasons. Here is an example: Americans think that perspiration odor is not polite. In fact, they worry so much about this subject that they spend a great deal of money on deodorants (除臭剂) and dry cleaning and washing their clothes. If a foreign student does not follow the same rule, Americans may be disturbed and think the foreigner is not nice. The problem can be especially troublesome because Americans are so embarrassed about this subject that they do not even like to talk about it, so they are not likely to tell that person why they are uneasy.
63. If you want to be clearly understood in another country, besides the language, you should also learn _________.
A. its common knowledge B. its style C. its wrong words D. how to make a speech
64. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. American listeners have frequent changes of expression.
B. A foreign student may not get along well with Americans if he smells.
C. An unmoving face and silence of listeners will make Americans feel unhappy.
D. Making little remarks like “Really”, “Uhhuh” or “Mum” is impolite while listening to an American.
65. The underlined phrase in the last paragraph probably means _________.
A. an unpleasant smell B. a good style of talking
C. an unfriendly way D. a polite expression
66. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Learning a new language B. Different people, Different languages
C. Body Language D. Different Countries, Different Cultures
(B)
We’re not suggesting that you should reach a permanent state called “happiness” and remain there. But there are many ways to keep away from anxiety, anger, frustration and sadness. Here are some ideas to get you started. Choose the ones that work for you.
Practice mindfulness. Focus on the present. Instead of worrying about what you should do tomorrow while you’re having dinner with your family, focus on the here and now—the food, your families, the conversation.
Sing along. Studies fine music act
ivates parts of the brain that produce happiness. In one study, older adults who listened to their choice of music during eye surgery had significantly lower heart rate and blood pressure than those who had silent surgery.Go to sleep. We have become a nation of sleep-deprived citizens. Taking a daily nap or getting into bed at 8 p.m. at night with a good book and turning the lig
ht out an hour later can do more for your mood than any number of bubble baths or massages.Make a list. There’s nothing like writing down your tasks to help you organize your thoughts and calm your anxiety. Checking off each item provides a great sense of fulfillment.
Visit a quiet place. Libraries, museums, gardens, and places of worship(礼拜场所) provide islands of peace and calm in today’s world. Find a quiet place near your house and make it your secret getaway.
Volunteer. Helping others enables you to put your own problems into perspective(客观判断力) and also provides social interaction. While happy people are more likely to help others, helping others increases your happiness. One study found that volunteer work enhanced all four aspects of well-being: happiness, life satisfaction, self-esteem and sense of control over life.
41. According to the passage, which of the following ways can keep you away from bad moods?
A. Staying with your family. B. Having a lot of money.
C. Having enough sleep. D. Travelling.
42. As stared in the text, ______can reduce the risk of operation.
A. taking a nap when having surgery B. finding a quiet place to perform surgery
C. keeping quiet when having surgery D. listening to music when having surgery
43. Making a list of your tasks and checking them off can ________ yourself.
A. encourage B. satisfy C. improve D. change
44. You’d better not go to _______if you want to keep quiet and calm.
A. libraries B. churches C. supermarkets D. gardens
45. According to the passage, why can helping others increase your happiness?
A. Because it’s a good way to relax.
B. Because happy people are more likely to help others.
C. Because it enable you to see your own problems clearly.
D. Because it can enhance your health.
B
Canadian scientists have found that the more emotional or mental challenges a person faces in a day, the less determined they become to work out physically.
However, the findings should not stop us from keeping fit. Experts believe that willpower (意志力)is like a muscle ， and needs to be exercised to help one avoid the temptation (诱惑)spending a night on the couch instead.
Kathleen Martin 一 Ginis, a professor of kinesiology 一 the science of movement 一 who led the study, says everyone has a limited amount of willpower, and that it will be reduced by stress. Miss Martin 一 Ginis, of Canada" s McMaster University, explains, "Cognitive (认知的)tasks, as well as tasks such as regulating (调整)one" s emotions, can reduce one" s capacity to force oneself to exercise."
Her team of scientists performed a so — called " Stroop" test on volunteers to reach their conclusions. The experiment involved showing participants words associated with colors but printed in different colors - for example ， the word " blue " written in red ink . " Participants were divided into two groups. One group was asked to name the color of the ink ， instead to say the printed word ， while the other wasn"t Martin ― Ginis says ， " After we used this cognitive task to use up their self 一 regulatory capacity, the participants didn"t exercise as hard as those who had not performed the task. ，， The more people concentrated on the cognitive task ， the more likely they were to skip exercise sessions (活动时间)over the next eight week. You only have so much willpower .
However, there are ways to strengthen willpower. The study found the listening to music before going to the gym can help, as well as making a commitment to work out with friends. It also concluded that willpower can be stretched by constantly cake ， or forcing oneself to study an extra hour each night.
Martin - Ginis adds, "There are strategies people can use to help revitalize (使恢复活动) themselves after they’ve used up their self 一 regulation. Willpower is like a muscle ： it needs to be used to stay strong.
61.According to the experts, human willpower .
A.can be exercised through muscle movement
B.can regulate itself to resist temptations
C.is weakened by stressful cognitive or emotional tasks
D.is reduced by lack of physical exercise.
62.We learn from Paragraph 4 that the experiment .
A.made use of the Stroop test
B.asked one group of participants to name the words
C.required researchers to write the word "blue" in red ink to make it easily recognizable.
D.showed that those who hadn"t performed the task were smarter than those who had
63.All the following are ways to strengthen one"s willpower EXCEPT________
A.listening to music before doing exercise
B.promising to work out with friends
C.training oneself repeatedly to resist temptations
D.forcing oneself to do the same thing each day
64.Which of the following is in agreement with Miss Martin ― Ginis" idea?
A.Human"s willpower is limited to a certain level
B.The cognitive tasks could make people ignore exercise
C.Challenging tasks could make people ignore exercise
D.Exercise is an important way to strengthen one"s willpower.
65.What can we infer from the passage?
A.Willpower can be challenged to become powerful.
B.McMaster University is famous for its kinesiology.
C.Effective ways to resist temptations have been found.
D.the study has an impact on the science of movement.
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