题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
1. Look up English to Elvish.
2. Look up the Elvish word in the best Elvish dictionary you have, and, preferably, find out the context（上下文） in Tolkien’s language dictionary.
3. Change the word to suit rules of grammar: singular or plural, mutations, verb tenses, etc.
You cannot leave out any of these steps. If you do, you’re almost certain to have errors. Why you have to do step 2:
Languages never match up one- to-one. English and Elvish are closer than usual, but there are still problems. And English has strange idioms: why are there no baths or beds in public bathrooms or restrooms? You can’t translate literally（逐字地）. You have to understand the meaning behind each word.
In Elvish this is even more true, since our dictionaries contain more or less questionable reconstructions, and words that Tolkien later threw away or replaced. Find the best one you can.
Consider the word “fair”. We tend to use it to mean “just”. Tolkien tends to use it to mean “beautiful”. In Elvish, these are two entirely different words. So when you look up “fair”, you’ll have to go to the Elvish dictionary to see that you’ve got the right one.
Consider the nightmare（噩梦）of He left the bar. Is “left” the opposite of “right” （which also has two meanings） ? Is “bar” extruded steel（型材钢）, or something to do with law? You have to know what words mean in both languages.
And you’d be amazed at how many people ignore step 3, forgetting that language is more than a string of words, and there are rules about how to fit those words together. You can’t simply look up the word “I” and use it everywhere. Sometimes you need “me” or “my”. There’s a reason it takes a while to learn a language: you have to learn the rules.
It drives me completely mad when people give a questionable translation they insist is right because “it’s in the dictionary”. A dictionary is a tool, a resource. but its entries（词目）should not be mistaken for a finished product. They are raw materials.
小题1:The underlined word “this” in paragraph 1 refers to .
A．consulting the dictionaries when translating between language s |
| B．finding out the true meaning in context |
| C．ignoring the rules of grammar |
| D．leaving out some of the three steps the author mentions |
| A．you have to understand the meaning behind each word |
| B．Elvish and English are quite different in forms |
| C．there are no baths or beds in public bathrooms |
| D．Elvish has some words which are hard to find |
| A．helps fit the words together |
| B．takes a while to learn a language |
| C．is a rule to obey |
| D．is often forgotten in translating |
| A．his impatience to those who insist their wrong translation is right |
| B．his puzzle to the questionable translation |
| C．the importance of the correct use of dictionaries |
| D．the mistaken entries in the dictionaries |
| A．learn a foreign language with a dictionary |
| B．avoid errors when looking up a dictionary |
| C．understand the meaning of a strange word |
| D．use a dictionary to translate between languages |
答案
小题1:D
小题1:A
小题1:A
小题1:C
小题1:D
解析
核心考点
试题【I keep hammering this because I keep seeing people who don’t do it.1. Look up En】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
io) does. His work is to steal secrets from people when they are asleep and dreaming. He has an even rarer ability: He can plant an idea in someone’s sleeping mind, and watch it grow and take root in reality. This ability is called inception.The movie Inception (《盗梦空间》) was on show in Chinese cinemas not long ago. It is imaginative, of course. The movie leads one to wonder just how much we know about dreams. For years, scientists and researchers have been trying to solve sleep’s greatest mystery.
Is it possible to enter someone’s dreaming mind? In the movie, DiCaprio uses a drug and a dream machine to put a scenario (某一特定情节) into someone’s sleeping mind. He then goes to sleep himself, connected to the machine, and enters the other person’s dream.
In real life, there is a machine that can read someone’s mind. A brain scanner takes pictures of brain activity, and then the software recreates images of what the person was looking at.
Researchers say it may be possible one day to record someone’s dream – without the danger (or the fun) of actually sharing that dream.
What’s a dream, anyway? A dream is a group of images and sounds our brain creates when we’re sleeping. In the 1950s, researchers discovered a sleeping condition that happened around every 90 to
120 minutes during sleep: rapid eye movement, or REM. During this period you’re fast asleep, yet your eyes move around quickly under your eyelids (眼皮) and your brain is nearly as active as during the day. That’s when most dreams happen.What do dreams mean? Dreams are not always filled with meaning. Sometimes dreams are just your mind playing with thoughts and images from your life, or things you may have read or seen on TV. But at other times, dreams show things that you want to achieve in real life, or things that cause you trouble or stress.
小题1:The movie Inception is mentioned at the beginning of the article to ______.
| A．encourage readers to watch the movie |
| B．tell readers about people with special dreaming abilities |
| C．inform readers about the science of dreams |
| D．warn reader about the threat of dream stealers |
| A．It records dreams. |
| B．It uses a special drug that causes no pain. |
| C．It finds out what dreams mean. |
| D．It takes pictures of brain activity and recreates images. |
| A．Most dreams occur in REM sleep. |
| B．Over the last ten years scientists have solved the mystery of REM sleep. |
| C．People always remember what they have dreamed in a REM sleep. |
| D．People can have REM sleep all night. |
| A．dreams tell us a lot about a person’s character |
| B．dreams are connected to real life |
| C．dreams are useful and help keep our brains active |
| D．dreams are usually about meaningful things |
When I was in middle school, I was one of the smaller players on the basketball team. In our first game of the season, we were 31 to face a good team, all of whom were tall guys. Naturally, at my 32 , it would have been easy to be 33 by our competitors.
On game day, my basketball coach called me over to him. He was a strong and tough coach, and in his 34 rough manner said, “Joel, you’re not that 35 , but let me tell you that size doesn’t matter. Don’t be afraid. What 36 is right down in here.” He pointed his finger at his 37 as he continued, “Joel, you’ve got a big heart, and you’re to 38 it this year.”
When I heard the coach’s 39 , I stood taller than usual! I thought to myself: The coach believes in me! My confidence 40 and I played better that year than I’d ever done before.
It’s 41 what we can achieve when we know somebody really believes in us. That coach took a little time to make a big 42 . He took time to make me confident in myself. If we’re going to 43 the best in people, we need to sow seeds of 44 .
As the saying goes, “Love looks for a way of being constructive.” 45 , love looks for ways to help improve somebody else’s life.
When people are 46 us, they should leave better off than they were before. People should feel 47 and inspired after spending any time with you and me 48 feeling discouraged or defeated.
Remember, there’s 49 greater investment（投资）in life than in being a people builder. Relationships 50 much more to us than our achievements.
小题1:
|
小题2:
|
小题3:
|
小题4:
|
小题5:
|
小题6:
|
小题7:
|
小题8:
|
小题9:
|
小题10:
|
|
小题12:
|
小题13:
|
小题14:
|
小题15:
|
小题16:
|
小题17:
|
小题18:
|
小题19:
|
小题20:
|
Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things．
You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living．If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served．
Similarly, If you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself．In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services．
This account of yourself is actually a general description of your working life and should include education, experience and references．Such an account is valuable．It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews．While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner．
When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell．Then you are ready to look for a job．Get all the possible information about your could-be job．Make inquiries about the details concerning the job and the firm．Keep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgment．Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the position you wish for, and keep in mind: Obtaining a job is your job now．
小题1:What do the elders mean when they say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get．”?
| A．You’ll certainly get what you want． |
| B．It’s no use dreaming． |
| C．You should be dissatisfied with what you have． |
| D．It’s essential to set a goal for yourself． |
| A．an illustration of how to write an application for a job |
| B．an indication of how to obtain a good job |
| C．a guideline for job description |
| D．a principle for job evaluation |
| A．that is the first step to please the employer |
| B．that is the requirement of the employer |
| C．it enables him to know when to sell his services |
| D．it makes him become clearly aware of himself |
| A．specific to offer | B．imaginary to provide |
| C．precious to supply | D．desirable to present |
Set aside at least ten minutes, and then sit facing each other. Decide who will be the Talker and who will be the Listener. It makes no difference, because later you will change roles.
How to perform the One-Minute Drill
For approximately 30 seconds, the Talker can say anything he or she wants. Your job will be to express your thoughts and feelings. You can discuss problems you"ve had a hard time talking about. Remember to limit yourself to about 30 seconds. When the Talker finishes, the Listener will summarize what the Talker just said, as well as how the Talker was feeling inside, as accurately as possible.
The Talker now gives the Listener a grade between 0 and 100 per cent to indicate how accurate the summary was. If the rating is 95 per cent or more, you can change roles; the new Talker can continue with the same topic or move on to something entirely new.
However, if the grade is below 95 per cent, the Talker should point out what the Listener missed or got wrong, and repeat the process until the overall rating is 95 per cent or more. Then you can change roles and repeat the exercise for as long as you both like.
How it works
Thirty seconds of emotionally charged information is sufficiently challenging for anyone. Express your feelings in strong, clear, direct language, but as your partner will be listening attentively, you won"t need to shout, exaggerate or put your partner down.
The Listener should sit and listen respectfully without interrupting. Look into your partner"s eyes, but avoid using negative body language. If you like, take a few notes.
So the Talker might say: "When I come home from work, I feel tired and I need some quiet time. But you tell me I"m supposed to spend time with the kids. This makes me feel frustrated. I work hard and I"m exhausted at the end of the day. I feel like I deserve a little time to relax, not listen to more demands."
In response, the Listener might summarize like this: "You just told me that you feel exhausted when you come home at night because you"ve been working hard all day. When I tell you I want you to spend time with the kids, you feel frustrated and ticked off because you"re tired and you need time to relax. You see me as very demanding, and you"re probably feeling like I don"t appreciate you."
The first time you attempt the One-Minute Drill, you may get a low score. Don"t worry, because you"ll get up to speed quickly. Once you"ve tried this exercise a few times, you"ll find that you can nearly always get ratings of 95 per cent or better on the first or second try.
小题1: Who is the One-Minute Drill intended for?
| A．Those who are to act some roles in a certain play for the first time in their life. |
| B．Those who are preparing for the interview in order to make a good first impression. |
| C．Those who have difficulty communicating with their colleagues or family members. |
| D．Those who have troubled relationships with their friends or family members and try to improve them. |
| A．In the One-Minute Drill, the Talker and the Listener change roles in the process. |
| B．The Talker should talk about his / her thoughts and feelings in a brief way. |
| C．The Listener should listen carefully, respectfully and later summarize accurately. |
| D．After the Talker finishes talking, the Listener is to give him / her a grade. |
| A．husband and wife | B．father and son | C．mother and daughter | D．sister and brother |
| A．fast asleep | B．very angry |
| C．burst into tears | D．marked with a symbol |
The findings came from a survey of more than 340,000 adults in the United States. The Gallup(民意调查) Organization questioned them by telephone in 2008. At that time, the people were between the ages of eighteen and eighty-five.
The researchers asked questions about emotions like happiness, sadness and worry. They also asked about mental or emotional stress.
Arthur Stone at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress were highest among adults between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five. The findings showed th
at stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties. Happiness was highest among the youngest adults and those in their early seventies. The people least likely to report feeling negative emotions were those in their seventies and eighties.Researchers say they do not know why happiness increases as people get older. One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow more thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions. They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences.
Professor Stone says the emotional patterns could be linked to changes in ho
w people see the world, or maybe even changes in brain chemistry.The researchers also considered possible influences like having young children, being unemployed or being single. But they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age.
The study also showed that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men.
小题1: What can be the best title of the text?
| A．Happiness Varies with Ages |
| B．Experience More, Worry Less |
| C．The Older, the Wiser |
| D．Being Young, Being Happy |
| A．only when people get older will they feel happier |
| B．stress levels among the youngest are the highest |
| C．older people tend to be grateful |
| D．older people usually have no worries |
| A．they miss the old days |
| B．they are physically weak |
| C．they have better self-control |
| D．they are more emotional |
| A．What influences happiness. |
| B．How to live better. |
| C．How to keep happier. |
| D．Why women are less happier. |
| A．advise how to reduce stress |
| B．introduce a scientific finding |
| C．describe how to do research |
| D．talk about human emotions |
最新试题
- 1在一定条件下发生如下反应：2KClO3+I2="==" 2KIO3+Cl2，则下列推断不正确的是A．该反应属于置换反应B
- 2（1）人生如梦，________________。 （2）想当年金戈铁马，________________。 （3）念去
- 3人们通常用“封建欲孽”这个词特指近现代社会中残存的拥护封建制度的分子，这种用法最早可能出现于A．戊戌变法后B．辛亥革命后
- 4将方程3x（x﹣1）=5（x+2）化为一元二次方程的一般式，正确的是（ ）A．4x2﹣4x+5="0"B．3x2﹣8x
- 5已知f（x）为偶函数，当x≥0时，f（x）=﹣（x﹣1）2+1，满足f[f（a）]=的实数a的个数为（ ）个．
- 6【题文】下列词语中，加点字的读音完全正确的一组是（ ）A．颓圮pǐ戮lù力妖童媛yuá
- 7Lily tried on some new shoes, but she took ______ in the end
- 8解下列方程：（1）3x-7+6x=4x-8；（2）4x-3（20-x）=5x-7（20-x）；（3）2x-13-2x-3
- 9用杂合子F1(DdEe)种子获得纯合子(ddee)，最简捷的方法是[ ]A．种植→F2→选双隐性性状个体→纯合体
- 10计算：|-4|-(-1)2012×(π-3.14)0+3-8+(13)-2．
热门考点
- 1水杨酸是合成阿司匹林的重要原料．水杨酸的学名邻羟基苯甲酸，请回答下列问题：（1）请写出水杨酸中具有的官能团名称_____
- 2下列说法正确的是（ ）A．分子是保持物质性质的最小粒子B．混合物中一定含有不同种元素C．最外层电子数相同的原子的化学性
- 3下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（ ）A．随着联合国打击索马里海盗决心日增，中国海军有没有远洋打击海盗能力，是否要加入打
- 4一种玩具的结构如图所示，竖直放置的光滑铁圆环的半径为R=20cm，环上有一个穿孔的小球m，仅能沿环做无摩擦滑动，如果圆环
- 5非洲夏夜的草地上，一头强壮的驴子在安详地吃着草，一只小小的吸血蝙蝠悄悄地落在驴子的后蹄外，用它细小的舌尖轻轻地舔驴子的脚
- 6阅读下面的文字，完成后面试题。曾经，生活和花朵隔开一线杨 洋1991年初春，丽江玉峰寺，山茶如火，燃了我眼前的天。那一年
- 7下列方程中，属于一元二次方程是[ ]A.x-y-1=0B.+x2-1=0 C.x2-1=0D.3y-1=0
- 8下列计算错误的是（ ）A．∫-ππsinxdx=0B．∫01xdx=23C．∫π2-π2cosxdx=2∫π20cos
- 9实验室用碳酸钠晶体（Na2CO3•10H2O）配制1.00 mol/L的Na2CO3溶液240mL，回答下列问题：（1）
- 1020世纪50年代中期开始，新独立的广大亚非国家掀起不结盟运动的主要目的是A．争取从殖民统治下取得独立B．为了摆脱美苏的控