题目
题型：0115 模拟题难度：来源：
a new study in the Archives of Internal Medicine suggests that lying in bed awake may actually contribute
to the problem of sleeplessness.
The study of 79 adults (average age 72) with insomnia aimed to determine whether brief behavioral
interventions for insomnia would help. Traditional behavioral therapy (疗法) requires at least half a dozen
hour-long sessions with a therapist-a costly commitment many patients either can"t make or don"t have
access to. Other options include sleep-aiding medications or supplements. In the current study, the 39
participants in the behavioral therapy group received a 45-to 60-minute instructing session, plus a 30-minute
follow-up session and two 20-minute phone calls.
Doctors offered the following behavioral interventions for improving sleep: reduce time in bed; get up
at the same time every day, regardless of sleep duration; don"t go to bed unless sleepy; and don"t stay in bed
unless asleep.
The other 40 participants in the study were given printed educational materials about insomnia, which
included the same instructions given to the intervention group, but without the individualized sessions with
a therapist. Two weeks later, the latter group also got a 10-minute follow-up phone call.
At the end of four weeks, the behavioral treatment group was significantly more likely to show
improvements in sleep than the printed-materials group. By that time, 55% of those who received behavioral
treatment no longer met the criteria for insomnia, compared with 13% of the group that got educational
brochures.
The good news comes at the same time as a report on the health effects of insomnia from the U.K."s
Mental Health Foundation. The report, Sleep Matters, suggests a link between insomnia and poor relationships,
low energy levels and an inability to concentrate. Poor sleep has already been linked to depression, immune
deficiency and heart disease.
B. depression
C. heart disease
D. immune deficiency
B. It costs a lot of money.
C. It requires sessions with a therapist.
D. It includes sleep-aiding medications.
B. Get up early every day.
C. Don"t go to bed late at night.
D. Don"t stay in bed if you are not asleep.
B. concentration
C. immune deficiency
D. heart disease
B. The latter group of the study was not given follow-up phone calls.
C. The behavioral treatment group was less likely to show improvements.
D. The instructing session that the intervention group received is most effective.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Those who have suffered from insomnia know the sinking feeling of watc】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
reached its goal of banking 10 percent by 2010.
The Millennium Seed Bank Project, run by Kew Gardens-one of the oldest botanical gardens-will officially
deposit the 24,200th species on Thursday, a pink, wild banana from China.
More than 50 countries are now on board with Kew"s giant task but vast places of the globe, including
India and Brazil, still need to join in and donate seeds, director Paul Smith said.
The seed bank is one of the largest and most diverse in the world with more than 1.5 billion seeds. Its
goal is to help protect the planet"s bio-diversity during a time of climate change.
The wild banana seed is under threat of extinction (灭绝) in southwest China from agricultural development.
It is a vital food source for Asian elephants and important for growing bananas for human consumption.
Stored at minus-20 degrees centigrade, so they can last for thousands of years, the seeds await the day
that scientists hope never comes-when the species no longer exist in the wild.
It is a race against time, Smith said, because in the last decade alone, 20 plants held in the bank have already
been wiped out in the wild. He estimates that between a third and a quarter will become extinct this century.
"It is urgent and it is happening now. An area, the size of England, is cleared of primary vegetation (植被)
every year." Smith said.
Because most of the world"s food and medicines come from nature, protecting wild plant species is quite
important, scientists say. There are already many other seed banks safeguarding food crops, which only
account for 0.6 percent of plant diversity.
For Kew"s next goal-to collect a quarter of wild varieties by 2020-the botanists need 10 million pounds a
year, or a further 100 million pounds on top of the 40 million they have already been granted.
B. To safeguard food crops.
C. To protect wild plants from extinction.
D. To help scientists study wild plants.
B. the climate change in this area
C. the large number of Asian elephants
D. human"s large consumption
B. India and Brazil haven"t joined in the Seed Bank Project at present
C. there is only one seed bank in the world at present
D. the wild plants in places like India and China will never die out
B. Kew Gardens" next goal.
C. Britain"s seed bank.
D. The Millennium Seed Bank Project.
B. The temperature condition of the conservative wild plant species.
C. The government"s financial support for the seed bank project.
D. Scientists" concern on the extinct wild plant species.
kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for
years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.
The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and
does not require any special, attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular
situation, for example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind
of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for
more than a year.
The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic (长期的) loneliness usually
lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems
socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or
nothing they can do to improve their condition.
Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person"s social contacts, e. g., friends, family
members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give
us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and
activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they
sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity.
Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and
unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease.
While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very
sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.
B. Just ignore it.
C. Go to see a doctor.
D. Ask your teachers for guidance.
B. we depend on various people for different reason
C. lonely people don"t have many social problems
D. lonely people don"t have many friends
B. Chronic loneliness can cause serious illness.
C. Chronic loneliness can not be overcome.
D. A, B and C are all correct.
B. Loneliness and Diseases
C. Loneliness and Social Contacts
D. Chronic Loneliness
of cholesterol (胆固醇) in children, even those with no family history of high cholesterol. To help your kids
maintain a healthy diet and healthy cholesterol levels, you need to do the following.
Pack their lunches
That way you can at least try to ensure they get something healthy instead of the fried and starchy (富含
淀粉的) food that dominate most school cafeterias. The three most common food ordered in elementary
school cafeterias are ground beef (碎肉), chicken nuggets (鸡肉块) and cheese.
Limit fast food
Set a limit of no more than one or two fast-food meals a month, and when you do make a fast-food visit,
push the salads, plain baked potatoes, and broiled chicken. If the kids must have hamburgers, order them
without cheese.
Forget white
White bread, white rice, white pasta, that is. Serve them peanut butter and jelly on whole wheat bread and
meatballs on whole wheat pasta.
Make it easy
Cut up a bowl of fruit and put is before your TV-gazing kids. They"ll eat it as if it were popcorn (爆米花).
Better yet, turn the TV off and serve the fruit to them after they"ve finished a bike ride around the block.
Set an example
The best way to make sure your kids live a heart-healthy lifestyle is to live one yourself. That could be
more rewarding to see benefits not only to your cholesterol, but to your children"s as well.
B. very tall
C. very thin
D. very fat
B. more than one or two fast-food meals a month
C. fruit instead of popcorn
D. as mush white food as possible
B. a heart-healthy lifestyle
C. a kid
D. a kind of food
B. tell parents how to set an example to their children
C. tell kids the best way to lose weight
D. tell kids how dangerous overweight is
lack basic sanitation.
The combination proves deadly. Each year, diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between
2 and 5 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world. Safe
drinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate, inequality between men and
women, and poverty.
Consider these facts:
The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is 6 kilometers.
Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water, and only 37 percent of children
in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet.
Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases.
Here are three ways you can help:
(1) Write Congress
Current U. S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American
citizen. Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters about clean drinking water abroad.
(2) Sponsor a project with a faith-based organization
Many U.S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations
abroad. Simply putting a single project by a U.S. organization can make safe water a reality for thousands of
people.
(3) Support nonprofit water organizations
Numerous U.S.-based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related to drinking water
and sanitation. Like the sample of non-profits noted as follows, some organizations are large, other small-scale,
some operate worldwide, others are devoted to certain areas in Africa, Asia, or Latin America. Support them
generously.
B. people have no access to clean drinking water
C. women"s rights are denied in some developing countries
D. safe drinking water should be a primary concern
B. overseas sponsors
C. congressmen
D. U.S.-based water organizations
B. donate money to people short of water through religious groups
C. fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problem
D. take joint action in support of some non-profit water organizations
B. A list of non-profit water organizations to make contact with.
C. Some ways to get financial aids from U.S. Congress.
D. A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.
spend plenty of time in front of the mirror. They care just as much as girls do about their body image.
Body image is a person"s opinions and feelings about his or her own body and physical appearance. 1.____
You appreciate your body for its capabilities (能力) and accept its imperfections.
2____. Here are some ideas: Recognize your strengths. Different. body types are good for different things.
What does your body do well? Maybe your speed, strength,or coordination (协调性) makes you better than
others at a certain sport. That may be basketball, table tennis, mountain biking, dancing, or even running. Or
perhaps you have non-sports skills, like drawing, painting, singing, playing a musical instrument, writing, or
acting. 3.____
Exercise regularly. Exercise can help you look good and feel good about yourself. Good physiques (体形)
don"t just hdppen. 4.____. A healthy habit can be as simple as exercising 20 minutes to 1 hour three days a
week. Working out can also lift your spirits.
Respect your body! Practicing good habits; regular showering; taking care of your teeth, hair, and skin;
wearing clean clothes, and so on-can help you build a positive body image.
5.____ Your body is just one part of who you are. Your talent for comedy, a quick wit (智慧), and all the
other things make you unique. So try not to let small imperfections take over.
B. Be yourself.
C. Having a positive body image means feeling satisfied with the way you look.
D. Just explore talents that you feel good about.
E. They take hard work, regular workouts, and a healthy diet.
F. The good news is that self-image and body image can be changed.
G. So, what can you do to develop a positive body image?
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