题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
It really is incredible that in this day and age we should still allow hunting or bull-fighting, that we should be prepared to sit back and watch two men batter each other to pulp in a boxing ring, that we should be relatively unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames. Let us not deceive ourselves. Any talk of ‘the sporting spirit’ is sheer hypocrisy. People take part in violent sports because of the high rewards they bring. Spectators are willing to pay vast sums of money to see violence. A world heavyweight championship match, for instance, is front page news. Millions of people are disappointed if a big fight is over in two rounds instead of fifteen. They feel disappointment because they have been deprived of the exquisite pleasure of witnessing prolonged torture and violence.
Why should we ban violent sports if people enjoy them so much? You may well ask. The answer is simple: they are uncivilized. For centuries man has been trying to improve himself spiritually and emotionally – admittedly with little success. But at least we no longer tolerate the sight madmen cooped up in cages, or public floggings of any of the countless other barbaric practices which were common in the past. Prisons are no longer the grim forbidding places they used to be. Social welfare systems are in operation in many parts of the world. Big efforts are being made to distribute wealth fairly. These changes have come about not because human beings have suddenly and unaccountably improved, but because positive steps were taken to change the law. The law is the biggest instrument of social change that we have and it may exert great civilizing influence. If we banned dangerous and violent sports, we would be moving one step further to improving mankind. We would recognize that violence is degrading and unworthy of human beings.
小题1:It can be inferred from the passage that the author’s opinion of nowadays’ human beings is
| A．not very high. | B．high. |
| C．contemptuous. | D．critical. |
| A．vicious and dangerous sports should be banned by law. |
| B．people are willing to pay vast sums money to see violence. |
| C．to compare two different attitudes towards dangerous sports. |
| D．people are bloodthirsty in sports. |
| A．To compare the old Romans with today’s people. |
| B．to give an example. |
| C．to show human beings in the past know nothing better. |
| D．to indicate human beings are used to bloodthirsty. |
| A．Three. | B．Five. |
| C．Six. | D．Seven. |
| A．that, by banning the violent sports, we human beings can improve our selves. |
| B．that, by banning the dangerous sports, we can improve the law. |
| C．that we must take positive steps to improve social welfare system. |
| D．to show law is the main instrument of social change. |
relish 从……获得乐处，享受
orgy 狂欢，放纵
arena 竞技场，活动或斗争的场所
blood-thirsty 残忍的，嗜血的
bear-baiting 逗熊游戏
bull-fight 斗牛
batter 猛击，连续地猛打/捶，乱打
pulp 成纸浆，成软块
burst into flames 突然燃烧起来/着火
grim 令人窒息的，简陋的
coop up 把……关起来
难句译注
bear-baiting 逗熊游戏。这是一种十六、十七世纪流行于英国的游戏――驱狗去咬绑着的熊，很残忍，后被禁止。
…two men batter each other to pulp in the boxing ring.
【结构简析】batter one to pulp =" beat" one to a pulp 狠揍某人，打瘫某人
【参考译文】两个人在拳击场内彼此狠揍，知道一个人被打倒在地，爬不起来。
…unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames.
【参考译文】眼见一辆或多辆赛车相互撞击，突然烧起来而无动于衷。
A world heavy weight championship match is front page news.
【参考译文】世界重量级冠军赛总是头版头条新闻。
写作方法与文章大意
作者采取先对比、后分析的写作手法。先是今人和古罗马人对暴虐体育上对此两者都欣赏。后者坦率成人“欣赏暴力体育”，前者施以各种接口、实际都是嗜血成性者。第二段进一步剖析今人欣赏暴虐体育的种种实例，最后指出改善“暴虐”的根本嗜为改善法律采取积极的步骤，法律才能施以巨大的文明影响，否则人类很难改变。
答案
小题1:A
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:B
小题5:A
解析
小题1:A. 不太高。文章一开始就点出科技巨大进步，而其他方面进展很少。人们以轻蔑的口气谈及可怜的古罗马人，因为他们欣赏竞技场上的屠***。我们轻视他们，因为他们把这些屠***视为娱乐。我们可以降阶/屈尊地谅解他们，因为他们生活在2000年前，显然，对好的东西不知道。在这里作者反问，我们的优越感是否正确呢？我们的嗜血性是不是少一些？为什么拳击比赛吸引那么许多人？在场的观赏者（观众）是不是也希望看到一些暴力呢？结论是：人类和过去一样残忍。唯一的不同点在于古罗马人很诚实，他们承认他们欣赏观看饥饿的狮子把人撕碎，活生生吃掉，而我们会找出各种精辟的理由来保卫早该制止的运动。第二段举出具体例子，如斗牛、拳击中把人打瘫在地、车赛中，车子碰撞起火，人们就坐在那里观看欣赏，参赛者是为了高报酬，观众付出大笔钱财是为了看到暴力。作者指出任何体育精神的说法纯粹是虚伪。如果一场打比赛（世界重量级冠军赛），两轮而不是十五轮就告结束，成千上百万人们会感到失望――这些都证明人的卑下，不文明。这两段似乎也证明作者的观点应该是C项――蔑视的。但在第三段谈及，好几个世纪以来，人们一直试图在精神上和情感上改善自己，又得承认不怎么成功。可至少我们不再容忍疯人禁锢于笼中，当众鞭挞，以及其他许多过去普遍存在的野蛮行径。监狱也不再是过去那种令人窒息的禁锢之地，社会福利制度在全世界许多地方推行。在财富公平分配上也作了很大的努力。这些变化的出现不是因为人突然改善，而是在改变法律上采取了 积极的步骤。如果我们禁止危险的暴力体育项目，那么我们在改善人类方面又前进了一步。我们会认识暴力是人类的堕落和卑下（人类不应有的）。从这段来看，作者对人类还抱有希望，不是很蔑视。所以选A项。
小题2:A. 法律应禁止堕落而又危险的体育项目。见第一题注释。作者从古罗马人欣赏残忍的体育项目说起，点出现代人也是嗜血成性，喜欢暴力体育项目。这是不文明，是堕落。必须制止，而法律是我们社会改革最强大的工具，它可应用，发挥强大的文明影响（第三段倒数第三句）B. 人们愿意支付巨大款项来观看暴力。这是作者说明“嗜血成性”的具体内容之一。C. 对比对危险体育项目不同的态度。这里没有对比。D.人类嗜血成性。这是作者认为人们为什么欣赏危险残忍体育项目的根源。
小题3:D. 人们在体育上习惯于“嗜血成性”，过去是，现在仍然是，不同点只是前者坦直承认，后者婉转掩饰。见第一题注释。
A. 把古罗马人和现代人对比。这项没有说明对比什么。B. 给出一个例子。太抽象。C. 说明过去人类不太知道更美好的东西，这两项都没有到位。
小题4:.B. 5个。作者提到⑴逗熊游戏；⑵斗牛；⑶车赛；⑷拳击；⑸人狮斗。至于当众鞭挞和绞刑不能称作体育活动。
小题5:A. 通过制止野蛮体育项目，我们能改善人类自身。这在第三段讲的最透彻，见第一题和第二题注释。
B. 通过制止野蛮体育活动，我们能改善法律，不完全对。作者明确指出要用法律来禁止野蛮体育项目。C. 我们必须采取积极步骤来改善社会福利体制。D. 去表明法律是社会变革的主要工具。
核心考点
试题【When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it’s amazi】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Ryan Didone was a fifteen-year-old passenger in a car that hit a tree．He was one of the nation"s more than thirty thousand victims of traffic crashes in 2008．Nearly four thousand deaths, about twelve percent, involved drivers aged fifteen to twenty．Ryan"s father, Thomas Didone, is a police captain in Montgomery County, Maryland．He said, "It was an inexperienced, immature driver who felt that he was invincible(不可战胜的), driving at night with a carload of kids．He was distracted, he was going too fast, and it ended up causing one death and some upsetting experiences and tragedy for the rest of the community."
Jim Jennings from the Allstate Insurance Company said "The number one cause of distracted-driving accidents is the mobile phone．Talking on the phone or reaching for it is like drinking four beers and driving．If you"re texting while driving, you are twenty-three times more likely to get into an accident than somebody who isn"t．
Reaching for a cell phone when it"s going off, you"re nine times more likely to get into an accident than normally driving," The insurance industry recently held a safety event near Washington for teen drivers．
At first, nineteen-year-old Kevin Schumann easily avoided large, inflatable dolls thrown in front of the car to represent children．He also avoided orange cones representing the edge of the road．Then, as part of the test, he started texting. He hit several cones and at least one doll．
Debbie Pickford from the Allstate Insurance Company said, "Teens are especially at risk from distracted driving—and not just because they lack experience on the roads．What we know from research on teen brain development, is that teens don"t really have fully developed brains until they are twenty-five years old. You put those two things together and you get a much, much higher risk.”
小题1:According to the passage, _____is the most likely to lead to a traffic accident while you are driving．
| A．texting on the mobile phone | B．reaching for a cell phone． |
| C．talking on the mobile phone | D．bringing along a cell phone |
| A．attract more teenagers to take part in it |
| B．draw enough attention to teenagers" distracted driving |
| C．make more teenagers practice avoiding large barriers |
| D．encourage more teenagers to pay for insurance protection |
| A．much higher risk | B．teen brain developmen |
| C．experience on the roads | D．measures to be taken t |
| A．Car Crashes —the Top Killer. |
| B．Distracted Driving —Let"s Avoid! |
| C．Drunken Driving — Dangerous Enough！ |
| D．Tips on Driving While Calling |
Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around, and judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army. I"m not alone in my opinion.
First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. Your legs and feet have a real pounding (追击) ruining down a road for two or three miles. I developed foot, leg, and back problems. Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of a heart attack while jogging, and I had something else to worry about. Jogging doesn"t kill hundreds of people, but if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.
Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging. Putting one foot in front of the other for forty-five minutes isn"t my idea of fun. Jogging is also a lonely pastime. Some joggers say, "I love being out there with just my thoughts" Well, my thoughts began to bore me, and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.
And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain? And that wasn"t just the first week: it was practically every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isn"t fun. What a cruel way to do it! So many other exercises, including walking, lead to almost the same results painlessly, so why jog?
I don"t jog any more, and I don"t think I ever will. I"m walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace, and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the weather is good. I"m getting exercise, and I"m enjoying it at the same time. I could never say the same for jogging, and I"ve found a lot of better ways to stay in shape.
小题1:From the first paragraph, we learn that in the writer"s neighborhood _____.
| A．people jogged only during the daytime |
| B．jogging became very popular |
| C．Alex organized an army of joggers |
| D．jogging provided a chance to get together |
| A．He felt it was worth a try. |
| B．He was very fond of it. |
| C．He was strongly against it. |
| D．He thought it must be painful. |
| A．He found it neither healthy nor interesting. |
| B．He disliked doing ecercise outside. |
| C．He was afraid of having a heart attack. |
| D．He was worried about being left alone. |
| A．not everyone enjoys jogging |
| B．he is the only person who hates jogging |
| C．nothing other than jogging can help people keep fit |
| D．jogging makes people feel greater than any other sport. |
Could your cell phone give you cancer? Whether it could or not, some people are worrying about the possibility that phones, power lines and Wi-Fi could be responsible for a range of illnesses, from rashes to brain tumors.
Some say there is evidence to support the growing anxieties. David Carpenter, a professor of environmental health sciences at the university at Albany, in New York, thinks there’s a greater than 95 percent chance that power lines can cause childhood leukemia(白血病). Also there’s a greater than 90 percent chance that cell phones can cause brain tumors. “It’s apparent now that there’s a real risk, ” said Carpenter.
But others believe these concerns are unjustified. Dr Martha Linet, the head of radiation epidemiology(流行病学) at the US National Cancer Institute, has looked at the same research as Carpenter but has reached a different conclusion. “I don’t support warning labels for cell phones, ” said Linet. “We don’t have the evidence that there’s much danger. ”
Studies so far suggest a weak connection between EMFs(电磁场) and illness— so weak that it might not exist at all. A multinational investigation of cell phones and brain cancer, in 13 countries outside the US, has been underway for several years. It’s funded in part by the European Union, in part by a cell phone industry group. The final report should come out later this year, but data so far don’t suggest a strong link between cell phone use and cancer risk.
小题1:From the passage we can learn that some people are worried because _______.
| A．they have evidence that the use of cell phones can lead to cancer |
| B．they make a fuss over cell phone use |
| C．some experts have given a warning |
| D．cell phones are responsible for brain tumors |
| A．the worrying is unnecessary |
| B．cancer-warning labels should be on cell phones |
| C．there is a link between cell phones and cancer |
| D．cell phones have nothing to do with cancer |
| A．Optimistic. | B．Objective. |
| C．Opposite. | D．Casual. ] |
Temporary（暂时） hearing loss can happen after only 15 minutes of listening to loud music. One early warning sign is when your ears begin to feel warm while you listen to music at a rock concert or through headphones. One later is that an unusual sound or a ringing is sometimes produced in your head after the concert.
"What happens is that the hair cells in the inner ear are damaged, but they"re not dead," says physician and ear specialist Dr. Sam Levine. According to Dr. Levine, if you avoid further exposure to loud noise, it"s possible to recondition the cells（细胞） somewhat. However, he adds, "Eventually, over a long period of time, hair cells are permanently damaged." And this is no small problem.
What sound level is dangerous? According to Dr. Levine, regular exposure to noise above 85 decibels (分贝) is considered dangerous. The chart below offers a comparison of decibel levels to certain sounds. Here"s another measurement you can use. If you"re at a rock concert and the music is so loud that you have to shout to make yourself heard, you" re at risk for hearing loss. That"s when wearing protective devices such as earplugs becomes critical.
The facts are pretty frightening. But are rock bands turning down the volume."? Most aren"t. "Rock music is supposed to be loud," says drummer Andrew Sather."I wouldn"t have it any other way. And neither would the real fans of rock. "
Continued exposure to loud music and the failure to wear earplugs can lead to deafness, according to Dr. Levine. He states, "There"s no cure for hearing loss. Your ears are trying to tell you something. That ringing is the scream of your hair cells dying. Each time that happens, more and more damage is done. "
| Levels of Common Noises Normal conversation 50 — 65 dB Food blender 88 dB Jet plane flying above a person standing outside 103 dB Rock band during a concert 110 — 140 dB |
| A．loud music is a major cause of hearing loss |
| B．famous people may have hearing problems |
| C．teenagers should stay away from school bands |
| D．the problem of hearing damage is widely known |
| A．not to be seen | B．to fill with sound |
| C．to become larger in size | D．to make good again |
| A．a list of harmful sounds |
| B．the effect of rock concerts |
| C．the noise levels of sounds |
| D．relationship between daily activities and hearing loss |
| A．When your ears feel warm, your hair cells are dead. |
| B．Drummer Andrew Sather gives good advice. |
| C．Many are at the risk of losing hearing. |
| D．Doctors know how to deal with hearing loss. |
You know those ads that remind us that even a small drop in hydration（水合作用） levels can massively affect performance so you need to keep hydrated with whatever brand of super drink they"re selling?
They seem pretty scientific don"t they? Man in white coat, athlete with electrodes attached and so on. And it"s not a hard sell because drinking feels right - you"re hot and sweating so surely replacing that fluid must be beneficial.
Well earlier this year sports scientists in Australia did an extraordinary experiment that had never been done before.This group wanted to find out what happened to performance after dehydration. So they took a group of cyclists and exercised them until they lost 3% of their total body weight in sweat.
Then their performance was assessed after rehydration with either 1) nothing, 2) enough water to bring them back to 2% dehydration or 3) after full rehydration.
So far nothing unusual, but the difference between this and almost every other study that"s ever been done on hydration was that the cyclists were blind to how much water they got. The fluid was given intravenously without them knowing the volume.
This is vital because we all, and especially athletes, have such an intimate(密切的)psychological relationship with water consumption.
Remarkably, there was no performance difference between those that were fully rehydrated and those that got nothing. This study was part of a growing movement to "drink to thirst" which hopes to persuade athletes not to over hydrate with the potentially fatal consequence of diluting your sodium level, causing hyponatraemia.
Perhaps the result shouldn"t be so surprising. Humans evolved doing intense exercise in extreme heat and dryness. We are able to tolerate losses in water relatively well whereas even slight over hydration can be far more dangerous. In simple terms, being too watery is as bad for you as being too concentrated.
小题1:What’s the main idea of the passage?
| A．There is no scientific basis for drinking eight cups of water a day |
| B．People used to drink eight cups of water a day |
| C．An experiment about whether people should drink eight cups of water. |
| D．People shouldn’t believe longstanding advice. |
| A．doing exercise | B．losing water |
| C．drinking water | D．having a rest |
| A．Drinking too much water is bad for us |
| B．Sports scientists in Australia did an extraordinary experiment for the first time. |
| C．Those that were fully rehydrated and those that got nothing performed differently. |
| D．The cyclists didn’t know how much water they got. |
| A．Humans can bear losing water relatively well |
| B．It’s dangerous to drink water. |
| C．Athletes should drink more water than others. |
| D．This study was part of a growing movement to "drink to thirst". |
| A．positive | B．doubtful | C．supportive | D．indifferent |
最新试题
- 1(15分)纯碱一直以来都是工业生产的重要原料，很长一段时间来纯碱的制法都被欧美国家所垄断。上个世纪初我国著名的工业化学家
- 2不小心被狗咬伤后，要在24小时内注射狂犬疫苗，注射的狂犬疫苗和所采取的措施分别是（ ）A．抗原 保护易感者B．抗原 控
- 3样本数据7、9、10、11、13的极差是 ，方差是 ．
- 4（本题满分14分）如图，在平面直角坐标系中，过轴正方向上一点任作一直线，与抛物线相交于两点．一条垂直于轴的直线，分别与线
- 5（附加题，10分）已知函数，数列满足，且．（1）试探究数列是否是等比数列？（5分）（2）试证明.（5分）
- 6方程x+2y=9的正整数解有（ ）A．1组B．2组C．3组D．4组
- 7自来水消毒过程中常会发生甲、乙化学反应，其反应的微观过程可用下图表示：下列说法正确的是
- 8材料一：从2004年开始，教育部规定，在一些国家统一考试中，要求考生考前阅读《诚信考试承诺书》并签字认可。大部分考生在四
- 9下列各组词语中，没有错别字的一项是（ ）A．幽僻渡假村没精打采游目骋怀B．刹时口头禅共商国是揠苗助长C．肄业百叶窗金
- 10智明经不住网络不良信息以及网络游戏的诱惑，导致痴迷网络，无法自拔。我们怎样做才不会重蹈他的覆辙 ( )①要做网
热门考点
- 1如图所示，光线以入射角i从空气射向折射率n= 的透明介质表面。（1）当入射角i=450时，求反射光线与折射光线的夹角；（
- 2听下面一段材料，回答第1-2题。 1. Who does the man buy the gift for? [
- 3设A，B，C为单位圆O上不同的三点，则点集A={(x，y)|OC=xOA+yOB，0＜x＜2，0＜y＜2}所对应的平面区
- 4下列与胶体性质或应用无关的是（ ）A．加明矾使河水变澄清B．自来水处理中加漂白粉C．利用电泳的原理可将油漆、乳胶、橡胶
- 5我国已建成了酒泉、太原和西昌卫星发射中心，假如还要建设一个卫星发射中心，为了发射卫星时尽量节约火箭的燃料，在自南向北排列
- 6植物细胞质壁分离的实验不能说明的是[ ]A．成熟的植物细胞的液泡是有色的B．原生质层相当于一层半透膜 C．原生质
- 7已知四面体ABCD，AD=CD，∠ADB=∠CDB=120°，且平面ABD⊥平面BCD．（Ⅰ）求证：BD⊥AC；（Ⅱ）求
- 8仿照下面画线的句子，再写一个句子，要求句式相同，语意连贯。 生活有多么广阔，语文世界就有多么广阔。《化石吟》展现了亿万
- 9已知函数，当时，恒有．(1)求证：是奇函数；(2)如果为正实数，，并且，试求在区间[－2,6]上的最值．
- 10用秦九韶算法计算多项式f(x)=3x6+4x5+5x4+6x3+7x2+8x+1，当x=0.4时的值时，需要做乘法和加法