题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Ryan Didone was a fifteen-year-old passenger in a car that hit a tree.He was one of the nation"s more than thirty thousand victims of traffic crashes in 2008.Nearly four thousand deaths, about twelve percent, involved drivers aged fifteen to twenty.Ryan"s father, Thomas Didone, is a police captain in Montgomery County, Maryland.He said, "It was an inexperienced, immature driver who felt that he was invincible(不可战胜的), driving at night with a carload of kids.He was distracted, he was going too fast, and it ended up causing one death and some upsetting experiences and tragedy for the rest of the community."
Jim Jennings from the Allstate Insurance Company said "The number one cause of distracted-driving accidents is the mobile phone.Talking on the phone or reaching for it is like drinking four beers and driving.If you"re texting while driving, you are twenty-three times more likely to get into an accident than somebody who isn"t.
Reaching for a cell phone when it"s going off, you"re nine times more likely to get into an accident than normally driving," The insurance industry recently held a safety event near Washington for teen drivers.
At first, nineteen-year-old Kevin Schumann easily avoided large, inflatable dolls thrown in front of the car to represent children.He also avoided orange cones representing the edge of the road.Then, as part of the test, he started texting. He hit several cones and at least one doll.
Debbie Pickford from the Allstate Insurance Company said, "Teens are especially at risk from distracted driving—and not just because they lack experience on the roads.What we know from research on teen brain development, is that teens don"t really have fully developed brains until they are twenty-five years old. You put those two things together and you get a much, much higher risk.”
小题1:According to the passage, _____is the most likely to lead to a traffic accident while you are driving.
A.texting on the mobile phone | B.reaching for a cell phone. |
C.talking on the mobile phone | D.bringing along a cell phone |
A.attract more teenagers to take part in it |
B.draw enough attention to teenagers" distracted driving |
C.make more teenagers practice avoiding large barriers |
D.encourage more teenagers to pay for insurance protection |
A.much higher risk | B.teen brain developmen |
C.experience on the roads | D.measures to be taken t |
A.Car Crashes —the Top Killer. |
B.Distracted Driving —Let"s Avoid! |
C.Drunken Driving — Dangerous Enough! |
D.Tips on Driving While Calling |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:B
解析
试题分析: 在美国车祸是青少年的头号***手,而且大多数的车祸都是由于开车时分心,没有留意路况造成的。在本文中作者通过讲述Ryan Didone的死亡以及保险公司所做的实验说明了开车时打手机或发短信是造成车祸的主要原因,人们应该对此高度注意。
小题1:A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知手机是造成分心的头号原因,再由后文中的If you"re texting while driving, you are twenty-three times more likely to get into an accident than somebody who isn"t可知在四个选项中编辑短信是最可能导致交通意外的,故答案选A。
小题2:B推理判断题。本文主要讲的是开车时玩手机的危害,然后作者在文章倒数二、三段介绍了保险公司所做的安全测试,证明了开车时候用手机的危害,由此判断他们的目的是让人们对分心,注意力不集中的驾驶提起高度注意,故答案选B。
小题3:D推理判断题。本文介绍了开车打手机,发短信的危害。开头提出美国青少年的死亡多数是由于车祸,也就是提出问题;然后进一步分析,并且用做的实验进行证明,即分析问题,由此判断文章接下来要解决问题,也就是要提出解决的方法或者应采取的措施,故答案选D。
小题4:B主旨大意题。本文讲述了绝大多数青少年所遭遇的车祸都是由于开车时打手机,发短信造成的。并且对此进行了详细的介绍,由此判断作者的目的是要提醒人们避免开车时候分神,故B选项内容更能够反应文章中心,答案选B。
核心考点
试题【Car crashes are the top killer of American teenagers.Most of the crashes result 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around, and judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army. I"m not alone in my opinion.
First of all, jogging is very hard on the body. Your legs and feet have a real pounding (追击) ruining down a road for two or three miles. I developed foot, leg, and back problems. Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of a heart attack while jogging, and I had something else to worry about. Jogging doesn"t kill hundreds of people, but if you have any physical weaknesses, jogging will surely bring them out, as they did with me.
Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging. Putting one foot in front of the other for forty-five minutes isn"t my idea of fun. Jogging is also a lonely pastime. Some joggers say, "I love being out there with just my thoughts" Well, my thoughts began to bore me, and most of them were on how much my legs hurt.
And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain? And that wasn"t just the first week: it was practically every day for two months. I never got past the pain level, and pain isn"t fun. What a cruel way to do it! So many other exercises, including walking, lead to almost the same results painlessly, so why jog?
I don"t jog any more, and I don"t think I ever will. I"m walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace, and that feels good. I bicycle to work when the weather is good. I"m getting exercise, and I"m enjoying it at the same time. I could never say the same for jogging, and I"ve found a lot of better ways to stay in shape.
小题1:From the first paragraph, we learn that in the writer"s neighborhood _____.
A.people jogged only during the daytime |
B.jogging became very popular |
C.Alex organized an army of joggers |
D.jogging provided a chance to get together |
A.He felt it was worth a try. |
B.He was very fond of it. |
C.He was strongly against it. |
D.He thought it must be painful. |
A.He found it neither healthy nor interesting. |
B.He disliked doing ecercise outside. |
C.He was afraid of having a heart attack. |
D.He was worried about being left alone. |
A.not everyone enjoys jogging |
B.he is the only person who hates jogging |
C.nothing other than jogging can help people keep fit |
D.jogging makes people feel greater than any other sport. |
Could your cell phone give you cancer? Whether it could or not, some people are worrying about the possibility that phones, power lines and Wi-Fi could be responsible for a range of illnesses, from rashes to brain tumors.
Some say there is evidence to support the growing anxieties. David Carpenter, a professor of environmental health sciences at the university at Albany, in New York, thinks there’s a greater than 95 percent chance that power lines can cause childhood leukemia(白血病). Also there’s a greater than 90 percent chance that cell phones can cause brain tumors. “It’s apparent now that there’s a real risk, ” said Carpenter.
But others believe these concerns are unjustified. Dr Martha Linet, the head of radiation epidemiology(流行病学) at the US National Cancer Institute, has looked at the same research as Carpenter but has reached a different conclusion. “I don’t support warning labels for cell phones, ” said Linet. “We don’t have the evidence that there’s much danger. ”
Studies so far suggest a weak connection between EMFs(电磁场) and illness— so weak that it might not exist at all. A multinational investigation of cell phones and brain cancer, in 13 countries outside the US, has been underway for several years. It’s funded in part by the European Union, in part by a cell phone industry group. The final report should come out later this year, but data so far don’t suggest a strong link between cell phone use and cancer risk.
小题1:From the passage we can learn that some people are worried because _______.
A.they have evidence that the use of cell phones can lead to cancer |
B.they make a fuss over cell phone use |
C.some experts have given a warning |
D.cell phones are responsible for brain tumors |
A.the worrying is unnecessary |
B.cancer-warning labels should be on cell phones |
C.there is a link between cell phones and cancer |
D.cell phones have nothing to do with cancer |
A.Optimistic. | B.Objective. |
C.Opposite. | D.Casual. ] |
Temporary(暂时) hearing loss can happen after only 15 minutes of listening to loud music. One early warning sign is when your ears begin to feel warm while you listen to music at a rock concert or through headphones. One later is that an unusual sound or a ringing is sometimes produced in your head after the concert.
"What happens is that the hair cells in the inner ear are damaged, but they"re not dead," says physician and ear specialist Dr. Sam Levine. According to Dr. Levine, if you avoid further exposure to loud noise, it"s possible to recondition the cells(细胞) somewhat. However, he adds, "Eventually, over a long period of time, hair cells are permanently damaged." And this is no small problem.
What sound level is dangerous? According to Dr. Levine, regular exposure to noise above 85 decibels (分贝) is considered dangerous. The chart below offers a comparison of decibel levels to certain sounds. Here"s another measurement you can use. If you"re at a rock concert and the music is so loud that you have to shout to make yourself heard, you" re at risk for hearing loss. That"s when wearing protective devices such as earplugs becomes critical.
The facts are pretty frightening. But are rock bands turning down the volume."? Most aren"t. "Rock music is supposed to be loud," says drummer Andrew Sather."I wouldn"t have it any other way. And neither would the real fans of rock. "
Continued exposure to loud music and the failure to wear earplugs can lead to deafness, according to Dr. Levine. He states, "There"s no cure for hearing loss. Your ears are trying to tell you something. That ringing is the scream of your hair cells dying. Each time that happens, more and more damage is done. "
Levels of Common Noises Normal conversation 50 — 65 dB Food blender 88 dB Jet plane flying above a person standing outside 103 dB Rock band during a concert 110 — 140 dB |
A.loud music is a major cause of hearing loss |
B.famous people may have hearing problems |
C.teenagers should stay away from school bands |
D.the problem of hearing damage is widely known |
A.not to be seen | B.to fill with sound |
C.to become larger in size | D.to make good again |
A.a list of harmful sounds |
B.the effect of rock concerts |
C.the noise levels of sounds |
D.relationship between daily activities and hearing loss |
A.When your ears feel warm, your hair cells are dead. |
B.Drummer Andrew Sather gives good advice. |
C.Many are at the risk of losing hearing. |
D.Doctors know how to deal with hearing loss. |
You know those ads that remind us that even a small drop in hydration(水合作用) levels can massively affect performance so you need to keep hydrated with whatever brand of super drink they"re selling?
They seem pretty scientific don"t they? Man in white coat, athlete with electrodes attached and so on. And it"s not a hard sell because drinking feels right - you"re hot and sweating so surely replacing that fluid must be beneficial.
Well earlier this year sports scientists in Australia did an extraordinary experiment that had never been done before.This group wanted to find out what happened to performance after dehydration. So they took a group of cyclists and exercised them until they lost 3% of their total body weight in sweat.
Then their performance was assessed after rehydration with either 1) nothing, 2) enough water to bring them back to 2% dehydration or 3) after full rehydration.
So far nothing unusual, but the difference between this and almost every other study that"s ever been done on hydration was that the cyclists were blind to how much water they got. The fluid was given intravenously without them knowing the volume.
This is vital because we all, and especially athletes, have such an intimate(密切的)psychological relationship with water consumption.
Remarkably, there was no performance difference between those that were fully rehydrated and those that got nothing. This study was part of a growing movement to "drink to thirst" which hopes to persuade athletes not to over hydrate with the potentially fatal consequence of diluting your sodium level, causing hyponatraemia.
Perhaps the result shouldn"t be so surprising. Humans evolved doing intense exercise in extreme heat and dryness. We are able to tolerate losses in water relatively well whereas even slight over hydration can be far more dangerous. In simple terms, being too watery is as bad for you as being too concentrated.
小题1:What’s the main idea of the passage?
A.There is no scientific basis for drinking eight cups of water a day |
B.People used to drink eight cups of water a day |
C.An experiment about whether people should drink eight cups of water. |
D.People shouldn’t believe longstanding advice. |
A.doing exercise | B.losing water |
C.drinking water | D.having a rest |
A.Drinking too much water is bad for us |
B.Sports scientists in Australia did an extraordinary experiment for the first time. |
C.Those that were fully rehydrated and those that got nothing performed differently. |
D.The cyclists didn’t know how much water they got. |
A.Humans can bear losing water relatively well |
B.It’s dangerous to drink water. |
C.Athletes should drink more water than others. |
D.This study was part of a growing movement to "drink to thirst". |
A.positive | B.doubtful | C.supportive | D.indifferent |
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland wanted to learn how long memory and thinking skills would last in older people who trained to keep them. The people were part of the ten-year research project. They were taught methods meant to improve their memory, thinking and ability to perform everyday tasks.
More than 2,800 volunteered for the study called ACTIVE - short for Advanced (Cognitive) Training for Independent and Vital Elderly. Most studied when they were more than 70 years old.
The volunteers took one of several short training classes meant to help them keep their mental abilities. One class trained participants in skills including how to remember word lists. Another group trained in reasoning. A third group received help with speed-of-processing - speed of receiving and understanding information. A fourth group - the control group did not get any training.
Earlier results had established that the training helped the participants for up to five years. Now, lead study writer George Rebok says, the research showed most of the training remained effective a full ten years later.
Professor Rebok and his team found that the people trained in reasoning and speed-of-processing did better on tests than the control group.
"We are wondering whether those effects which endured over time would still be there ten years following the training, and in fact, that"s exactly what we found."
The effect on memory, however, seemed not to last as long. Still, the old people in any of the three classes generally reported less difficulty in performing daily activities than the control group. The total training time for the older people was between 10 and 15 hours.
小题1:Which statement is true according to the text?
A.This kind of training can only have effect on people for a few years。 |
B.The people were trained during a period of ten years. |
C.All the people who were studied were more than 70 years old. |
D.The second group were trained how to remember word lists. |
A.There were four groups being trained. |
B.The old people trained can remember words better. |
C.The second and third group improved their skills better than the first one. |
D.The research showed that the effect of the training could absolutely last 10 years. |
A.What was the meaning of the research? |
B.How was the research conducted? |
C.Why was the mental training effective? |
D.How long did the research last? |
A.Mental Training Helped Elderly Stay Sharp for Years |
B.How to improve our mental health |
C.Four groups of old people were trained mentally. |
D. The result of a ten-year research |
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