题目
题型：山西省同步题难度：来源：
eight. That may not be too surprising to anyone who has kids.
Humans are born with a sense of fairness that most other animals seem not
to share, but it"s not been clear exactly when this concept starts to develop.
Dr.Alva Zhao and her colleagues conducted a series of tests to measure just how much children care
about equality at different ages.In three different versions of a game, children were asked to choose
between two ways of sharing a number of sweets with themselves and an unfamiliar partner.They could
choose, for example, between one for me and one for you, or just having one for themselves.
At the age of three, children were "almost completely selfish", says Zhao.
They refused to give sweets away even if it made no difference to themselves.But by the age of eight,
children generally preferred the fair option, sharing a prize equally rather than keeping it all to themselves.
Several other factors influenced how fair the children were.The team found that children without
brothers or sisters were 28% more likely to share than children with brothers or sisters.On the other
hand, the youngest children in a family were 17% less willing to share than children who had only
younger brother or sister.
In addition, if children knew that their partner was from the same playgroup or school, they were
more concerned about being fair.This suggests that being nice to people you know is something that
develops a sense of equality.
1. The main idea of the first paragraph is________.
A. parents know clearly when their kids are more willing to share
B. the kids" wil
lingness of sharing is learned from their familyC. the older the kids are, the more selfish they will become
D. kids become more generous when they reach a certain age
2. The tests conducted by Dr.Alva Zhao and her colleagues were aimed at________.
A. how kids develop a quality of fairness in games
B. children"s awareness of equality at different ages
C. the reasons why children care about equality
D. children"s attitudes towards other partners
3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Children under three know little about being fair.
B. Children above eight years old become less selfish.
C. Children with brothers or sisters tend to be more generous.
D. The youngest child in a family tends to be less generous.
4. We can learn that children care more about equality while with________.
A. unknown people
B. nice people
C. familiar people
D. fair people
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解 Children become more generous as they get older, learning the principle】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
ted Nations says more than 900 million people worldwide do not have enough to eat.Officialssay 100 million more could go hungry this year because of the food and financial crises.
To deal with the situation, the UN World Food Program has started a project to help small farmers.
These farmers are mainly women.Many cannot produce enough food even to feed and support their own
families.
The new effort is called Purchase for Progress, or P4P.It aims to connect local farmers with
dependable markets.That way, they could get a chance to sell their surplus (剩余) at competitive prices
.P4P will be tested in as many as 21 countries during the next five years.
The biggest contributor to the project is Bill Gates, through the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
Another donor (捐款者) is the Howard Buffett Foundation, led by a son of the American investor
Warren Buffett.The government of Belgium is also supporting the project in a former colony (殖民地),
now the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Together these donors have provided more than 76 million dollars for projects in Africa and Central
America.
Purchase for Progress will work with United Nations agencies, governments and nongovernmental
organizations to help increase crop production.The World Bank Group and other partners are to help
train farmers in better crop management and marketing skills.
The World Food Program says it expects to buy 40,000 tons of food in the first year using methods
carried out by the project.That will be enough to feed 250,000 people.
P4P is expected to develop food cooperatives and longterm agreements for buying corn, wheat and
other food cro
ps.About 350,000 farmers could be assisted.Officials say the project will change the way the World Food Program buys food in developing
countries.Executive Director Josette Sheeran says this is the first time her agency will buy a large amount
of food from small farmers.The agency has traditionally bought most of its food from developing
countries, but through larger trading organizations.
1. From the passage, we know that________.
A. in all 900 million people worldwide lack food
B. a project has been started to help women farmers
C. there are only two donors to help the project
D. some farmers
still cannot support their families2. According to the passage, ________will work hard to deal with the situation.
A. the United Nations
B. the combined efforts
C. some governments
D. some nongovernmental organizations
3. Which of the following will NOT be done to help small farmers?
A. To donate money.
B. To reform the way of food purchase.
C. To provide them with food.
D. To buy a large amount of food from them.
4. What"s the best title for this passage?
A. Project to Help Small Farmers
B. Contribution to Small Farmers
C. Food Problems
D. P4P Is Being Carried Out
When I was six years old, I was visiting my grandfather" s farm in Kansas.Grandpa had sent me into
the 1 to gather pecans for us to enjoy later.
Pecan picking was really 2 work and my little basket was only
half full.I wasn" t about to_3_ Grandpa down.Just then something caught my 4 . A large brown squirrel was a few feet away.I
watched as he picked up a pecan, hurried to a tree and 5 in a large hole in the trunk.A moment
later the squirrel 6 out and climbed down to the ground to pick up another nut.Once again, he took
the pecan back to his hiding place.
Not so 7 anymore, I thought.I dashed over to the tree and looked into the hole.It was 8 with
pecans!Golden pecans were right there for taking.This was my 9 . Handful by handful, I scooped all
of those pecans into my basket.Now it was full! I was so 10 of myself.I couldn" t wait to show Grandpa
all the pecans. 11 , I ran back and shouted, "Look at all the pecans!" He looked into the basket and
said, "Well, well, how did you find so many?" I told him how I" d 12 the squirrel and taken the pecans
from his hiding place.
Grandpa congratulated me on how smart I" d been in observing the squirrel and his habits.Then he did
something that 13 me.He handed the basket back to me and put his arm gently 14 my shoulders.
"That squirrel worked very hard to gather his winter 15 of food, " he said."Now that all of his pecans
are gone, don" t you think that little squirrel will 16 the cold winter?"
"I didn"t think about that, " I said.
"I know, " Grandpa said."But a good man should never take 17 of someone else" s hard work."
Suddenly I felt a bit 18 .The image of the starving squirrel wouldn"t 19 my mind.There was only one
thing I could do.I carried the basket back to the tree and poured all the nuts into the hole.
I didn"t eat any pecans that night, but I had something much more filling-the 20 of knowing I had
done just the right thing.
| ( )1. A. rooms ( )2. A. hard ( )3. A. let ( )4. A. sweater ( )5. A. joined ( )6. A. jumped ( )7. A. strange ( )8. A. covered ( )9. A. time ( )10. A. afraid ( )11. A. Otherwise ( )12. A. driven ( )13. A. annoyed ( )14. A. off ( )15. A. supply ( )16. A. escape ( )17. A. place ( )18. A. guilty ( )19. A. open ( )20. A. inspiration | B. woods B. dirty B. settle B. basket B. lived B. held B. secret B. filled B. choice B. a shamed B. However B. followed B. satisfied B. beside B. cost B. spend B. notice B. unconfident B. leave B. expectation | C. holes C. light C. have C. eye C. discovered C. stood C. anxious C. rebuilt C. chance C. careful C. Besides C. protected C. surprised C. over C. support C. survive C. advantage C. embarrassed C. cross C. impression | D. roads D. easy D. keep D. hand D. disappeared D. found D. patient D. decorated D. achievement D. proud D. Therefore D. caught D. delighted D. around D. preparation D. flee D. charge D. nervous D. occupy D. satisfaction |
| 阅读理解 | |||
| Lisa, a 25year old from Beijing, recently places a number of very unpleasant statements on the Internet regarding the elderly.They include things like "don"t rely on others", "don"t expect others to help", "don"t be talkative", and "dont"t be so stubborn". The underlying message was that elderly people should not take advantage of their old age to demand special favours from others, particularly from the young.This of course flies_in_the_face_of the Chinese tradition of respecting the elderly.But, in my opinion, Lisa"s "requests" might not be totally unreasonable.Old people do sometimes behave like they"re "stubborn"and "talkative". Still, the young woman is rudely insensitive to why the elderly behave that way.As people get old, they become increasingly weakened physically.So it"s natural for them to ask for more help from others.As their memories decline, they tend to be talkative because they easily forget what has just been said.The American psychologists D. R.Atkinson and G. Hackett said that the brain is characterized by flexibility.It has the ability (most pronounced up to the age of 12) to change itself as a result of experience.But, as the brain ages, this flexibility decreases.As a result, the elderly are often inflexible in their ways. Therefore, old people need real care and deserve to be taken care of.Many have devoted most of their lives to the wellbeing of the family or social.Their aging is no reason for showing prejudice (偏见)to them. According to Chinese tradition, older people are to be respected.As are Westerners. I live in the US for eight years, and in Hong Kong for 13.Never have I seen or heard anyone who would openly tell old people "to behave themselves". We may encourage old people to be more selfreliant.But rudely demanding that they do so is ageism. That"s where the difference lies. 1. What does Lisa think of the elderly? A. The elderly hate to rely on the others. B. The elderly should take advantage of their old age. C. They are not talkative but stubborn. D. The elderly always demand special favors from the young. 2. The underlined part in the first paragraph can be replaced by"________". A. expresses the apparent meaning of B. shows disagreement with C. deals with the surface meaning of D. draws a conclusion from 3. What"s the writer"s attitude towards this problem? A. The young woman is too sensitive to why the elderly behave that way. B. The elderly naturally ask for more help from others, because their brain is characterized by flexibility. C. The elderly are often inflexible in their ways, which makes the young suffer. D. The elderly deserve to be taken care of and we shouldn"t show our prejudice because of their aging. 4. The last three paragraphs really want to show that________. A. we should respect the elderly B. the people in the US or Hong Kong respect the older people C. old people should be encouraged to be more selfreliant D. different ideas about the elderly are allowed to exist | |||
| 阅读理解 | |||
| 1. ________This was not because the woods and fields were always far away, but because they were too far from the city to permit people to make a day trip between morning and nightfall. 2. ________He decided to turn his little school into a dormitory (宿舍楼) for the summer holidays.Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of money.The idea was a success.A few years later, the school house was much too small to hold the many young people who wanted to stay there.3.________.This was the first hostel (青年招待所). Today, young students and workers of every country can meet in the hostel and get to know each other.When young people arrive at the hostel, they have only to show their cards of membership in a hostel organization in their own country.4.________ Often, at the evening meal, a group of boys and girls from various parts of the country or world will happen to meet at the same hostel.They may put their food together and prepare a dinner with many kinds of dishes.Sometimes a program will be organized after the meal with dances, songs, or short talks followed by a question period.5.______For this reason, a few weeks spent "hosteling" can be just as useful a part of one"s education as classes in school. A. In 1970, a young German school master had an idea which changed this situation. B. People can stay in the hostel if they brought enough equipment with them. C. One can learn a lot about other places, just by meeting people from those places D. As a result, a dormitory was set up in an old castle nearby. E. For years, children in the industrial areas of Europe seldom left their cities to see the beauties of the countryside. F. More and more young people went to the hostel for summer holidays. G. This card will permit them to stay in a hostel all over the world for very low prices. | |||
| 短文填空 We are all called upon to make a s  peech at some point in life, but most of us don"t do a very good job.1________. So, you have to give a speech-and you are terrified.You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble (结结巴巴) over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience.Later you think, "Thank Goodness, it"s over.I"m just not good at public speaking.I hope I never have to do that again." Cheer up!2.________.Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speechmaking.Ask yourself the purpose of your speech.What is the occasion?Why are you speaking?Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject.Spend plenty of your time doing your research.Then spend plenty of your time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow.Use as many examples as possible, and use pictures, charts, and graphs if they help you make your points more clearly. 3.________.Don"t talk over their heads, and don"t talk down to them.Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness. Just remember:Be prepared.Know your subject, your audience, and the occasion.Be brief. 4.________.And be yourself.Let your personality come through so that you make persontoperson contact with your audience. If you follow these simple steps, you will see that you don"t have to be afraid of public speaking.In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you vo  lunteer to make more speeches!You"re not convinced yet?5.________. A. It doesn"t have to be that bad. B. Take several deep breaths after your speech. C. This article gives some advice on how to give a good speech. D. Say what you have to say and then stop. E. Don"t say what you aren"t familiar with. F. Never forget your audience. G. Give it a try and see what happens. |