题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Sian Beilock: “They start worrying about the consequences. They might even start worrying about whether this exam is going to prevent them from getting into the college they want. And when we worry,it actually uses up attention and memory resources. I talk about it as your cognitive horsepower that you could otherwise be using to focus on the exam.”
Professor Beilock and another researcher,Gerardo Ramirez,have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam,highly anxious testtakers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test.
Sian Beilock: “What we think happens is when students put it down on paper,they think about the worst that could happen and they reappraise the situation. They might realize it"s not as bad as they might think it was before and,in essence(本质上),it prevents these thoughts from popping up when they"re actually taking a test.”
The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short math tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test.
The researchers added to the pressure. They told the students that those who did well on the second test would get money. They also told them that their performance would affect other students as part of a team effort.
Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of twelve percent worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of five percent.
Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test.
Prefessor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B+,compared to a B- for those who did not.
Sian Beilock: “What we showed is that for students who are highly testanxious,who"d done our writing intervention(排解),all of a sudden there was no relationship between test anxiety and performance. Those students most likely to worry were performing just as well as their classmates who don"t normally get nervous in these testing situations.”
But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam or presentation? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance.
小题1:Which of the following is TRUE?
A.The result in the math test agrees with that in the biology test. |
B.In the first math test, students who sat quietly performed better. |
C.In the second math test, students who wrote about their feelings did worse. |
D.Some college students are highly anxious testtakers while others are not in the tests. |
A.Test anxiety is sure to cause students to fail the test. |
B.Test anxiety can improve students" performance to some degree. |
C.Students" attention and memory resources run out when worried. |
D.Students may not be admitted into their favorite college if worried. |
A.proper amount of burden may turn out to be a good thing |
B.facing the fears bravely may help one to achieve more |
C.avoiding facing the problem may contribute to relaxation |
D.taking no action before difficulty may result in success |
A.It is important for students to overcome test anxiety. |
B.Anxious students overcome test anxiety by writing down fears. |
C.It is a common practice for students being worried before a test. |
D.Being worried before tests does harm to students" performance. |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:B
解析
文章大意:本文主要介绍考前写出紧张感有助于缓解压力,从而获得良好的表现。
小题1:A 细节理解题。通过阅读第五至第九段内容,特别是第七段和第九段可知,研究人员对20位有考试焦虑的大学生的数学测试和学生生物课的表现的两项研究结果一致:学生写下有关考前焦虑的状况有助于提高自己的表现,故选A项。
小题2:C 细节理解题。由第二段第三句话“And when we worry,it actually uses up attention and memory resources.”可知,C项正确。
小题3:B 推理判断题。由最后一段可知,应对学生考试焦虑的一种方法,即考试前把自己的焦虑写出来,能有效减缓焦虑的程度,学生在考试中表现得会更好。所以B项正确。
小题4:B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍应对学生考试焦虑的一种方法,即考试前把自己的焦虑写出来,能有效减缓焦虑的程度,学生在考试中表现得会更好。所以B项正确。
核心考点
试题【Some students get so nervous before a test; they do poorly even if they know the】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Bali(巴厘岛) is home to most of Indonesia"s Hindu minority. Here"s how to get the most out of a 48hour visit:
FRIDAY
3pm—There"s nothing like a good meal. La Lucciola is the place to go, with its good food, great service and a beautiful view of the sea.
You can hire a car for some 450,000 rupiah per day. This will help you have more to spare during your trip there.
5pm—About an hour away from La Lucciola is Uluwatu. This southern tip of the island is famous for its temple that lies on the edge, high above the sea. Fire dance is performed here daily at sunset.
8pm—To finish off the evening, head to Jimbaran Bay where restaurants offer candles, dances, boys singing songs. Kick off your shoes, feel the sand, and enjoy the night.
SATURDAY
9:30am—Start the day with another taste of culture by heading for a “barong and keris” dance performance. It"s held in many places. One is the Catur Eka Budi in Denpasar, capital of Bali.
12pm—About 50km from Denpasar is Kintamani, a favorite with tourists for the view of active volcano Mt. Batur. It"s a good idea to reach Kintamani early as it gets cloudy after 3pm. Have lunch at a local restaurant with a view of Mt. Batur. Tourists can climb to Mt. Batur to catch the sunrise.
6:30pm—Spa(温泉疗养)time! Spa Hati is a good place. Book ahead.
SUNDAY
6am—It"s time to go to the sea. Don"t forget the camera.
10:30am—Another halfday trip to two of the most famous temples in Bali. Drive down to the Taman Ayun temple at Mengwi.
12am—Next up is the Tanah Lot temple, perhaps the most famous of them all. Built on a rock, it"s best seen in the afternoon when it"s against the sun or at sunset.
小题1:How can you save time during your trip in La Lucciola according to the text?
A.Having a pair of good shoes. |
B.Preparing early and well. |
C.Joining a tour group. |
D.Hiring a car. |
A.In La Lucciola. | B.In Uluwatu. |
C.At Mengwi. | D.In Denpasar. |
A.5 am. | B.4 pm. | C.11 am. | D.9 pm. |
A.Joining in a “ barong and keris” dance. |
B.Visiting the Tanah Lot temple. |
C.Having a spa in Spa Hati. |
D.Having lunch in Kintamani. |
I get it. I know what it’s like. My father my family when I was two years old ,and I was by a single mom who had to work and who struggled to pay the hills and wasn"t always to give us the things that other kids had. There were times when I having a father in my life. There were times when I was and I felt like I didn"t fit in.
So I wasn"t always as focused as I should have been on school, and I did some things I"m not of, and I got in more trouble than I should .And my life could have taken a turn for the worse.
But I was ,I got a lot of second chances, and I had the opportunity to go to college and law school and follow my .
Some of you might not have those . Maybe you don"t have adults in your life who give you the that you need. Maybe someone in your family has lost their job and there"s not enough money to the daily expenses. Maybe you live in a neighborhood where you don"t feel safe, or have friends who are you to do things that you know aren"t right.
But at the end of the day, the circumstances of your life are, of those is an excuse for ignoring your homework or having a bad in school. That"s no excuse for talking back to your , or dropping out of school. There"s no excuse for not trying.
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In many countries,the main reason why people come to live in towns and cities is work.After one or two large factories have been built in or near a town,people come to find work,and soon an industrial area begins to grow.There is usually a residential area nearby,where the factory workers can live.The families of these workers need schools,hospitals and shops,so more people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows.
In every major city in the world,there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices.In the United States,this area is usually in the city centre.It is here that you can see the huge skyscraper office blocks.The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day.Many of them live in the suburbs of the city,far away from the industrial area and the city centre.Some suburbs are very pleasant,with nice houses and big gardens.There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need.
But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger? Perhaps not.Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years,and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages.
小题1:We can easily know that the underlined phrase “urban areas” means________.
A.areas of the countryside |
B.areas of a town or city |
C.areas near the countryside |
D.areas near a town or city |
A.Because they can live more comfortably there. |
B.Because they prefer a noisy life to a peaceful life. |
C.Because they want to find work. |
D.Because they are sure of having a better life there. |
A.rows of houses,schools and shops |
B.many offices and factories |
C.a lot of factories and farms |
D.many houses with offices and factories |
A.while living on the faraway edge of the city |
B.and live there |
C.but live in another city |
D.but live far away out of the city |
There is no standard for how much water a person needs each day, but experts usually put the minimum at fifty litres. The government of India promises (but rarely provides) forty. Most people drink two or three litres—less than it takes to wash a toilet. The rest is typically used for cooking and bathing. Americans consume between four hundred and six hundred litres of water each day, more than any other people on earth. Most Europeans use less than half that. The women of Kesum Purbahari each hoped to drag away a hundred litres that day—two or three buckets" worth. Shoba has a husband and five children, and that much water doesn"t go far in a family of seven, particularly when the temperature reaches a hundred and ten degrees before noon. She often makes up the difference with bottled water, which costs more than water delivered any other way. Sometimes she just buys milk; it"s cheaper. Like the poorest people everywhere, the people of New Delhi"s slums spend a far greater percentage of their incomes on water than anyone lucky enough to live in a house connected to a system of pipes.
小题1:The underlined word “slum” most likely means________.
A.a village |
B.a small town |
C.an area of a town with badlybuilt, overcrowded buildings |
D.the part of a town that lacks water badly |
A.the weather is bad |
B.there is no electricity |
C.there is no water |
D.people don"t want the dirty water |
A.a hundred | B.four hundred |
C.forty | D.fifty |
A.A hundred litres of water a day is enough for Shoba"s family. |
B.Americans uses the largest amount of water each day. |
C.In Kesum Purbahari milk is cheaper than bottled water. |
D.Shoba has a family of seven people. |
By the time Fifi had left, 8,000 people were dead, Fifi wasn"t a pet dog as the name suggests. It was a hurricane, one of the most destructive natural phenomena in the world.
Why do we give human names to storms and hurricanes?
We didn"t always. Two hundred years ago, many hurricanes in the Caribbean were named after the saint"s(基督徒的)day on which the storm occurred. Later, storms were known by the name of the city where they came ashore.
Meteorologists (气象学家) then tried naming storms after the latitude (纬度) and longitude (经度) where they occurred.
Finally, in 1953, hurricanes started getting people"s names —specifically, female names. Male names were added in 1979.
There are six sets of names for what the experts call “Atlantic tropical cyclones”( 热带风暴).
Each list is used every six years and consists of 21 names, starting with every letter but Q, U, X, Y ,Z. the names alternate (交替)between male and female.
A storm won"t get a name until its winds reach 39 mph or about 62.4 kph, at which point it becomes a tropical storm. At 74 mph or 118.4 kph it"s declared a hurricane.
The 126 names on the list are used only for storms that form off the Atlantic coast of the US. There are separate lists for the Pacific.
So what happens if a hurricane should cross from the Atlantic to the Pacific? It"s happened before. The storm just gets a new name and sometimes a new sex.
Max Mayfield is the director of the National Hurricane Centre, headquartered in Miami, Florida. He is in charge of picking new names for storms off the Atlantic coast.
He doesn"t do it alone, though. His counterparts in two dozen other countries in the Caribbean, Central America and North America vote on what names will replace retired names.
小题1:From the first paragraph we can find that ________.
A.Honduras is a country which was destroyed by Fifi |
B.Honduras is a country which has no mountains |
C.Honduras is a country which faces the ocean |
D.Honduras is a country which lies at high latitude |
A.There were no hurricanes two centuries ago. |
B.The Caribbean is a state of the United States. |
C.The Caribbean is a place where hurricanes occur often. |
D.Fifi was formed off the Pacific. |
A.are set for use. |
B.are all from American English |
C.are difficult to spell |
D.are easy to fix |
A.citizens holding the same opinion |
B.people with a similar position or function |
C.passengers traveling by sea |
D.assistants working abroad |
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