题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
The United States is ____ in almost every aspect. The buildings are gigantic (巨大的) and so are the people who ____ and work in them. At mealtimes, the portions (份额) often ____ to me to be big enough for three or four people. I once ____ a baked potato which turned out to be bigger than my head! This was a big ____ for me.
The longer I spent in the US, the more I started to ____ smaller differences like the culture of ____ in restaurants. In Australia we don"t tend to give a tip ____ the service has been really excellent. In the US you tip for ___ everything, even at the hairdresser. Waiters and shop assistants ____ to be given 15 percent of the bill, although in places ____ New York or Washington DC, a tip can be as much as 20 percent.
___， I also became more wary (谨慎的) of believing the stereotypes (成见) I had heard at home as I traveled. Not all Americans are ignorant of geography, for example.Despite this, certain stereotypes about places did seem to ____ true for me. There is an immense (强烈的) sense of speed in New York. Everyone ___ to and fro, and very seldom takes time to ____ the moment. This is very different from the Australian lifestyle. Australians are laid back. Even in a major city like Sydney, we “Aussies” take time to “stop and smell the roses”—very different from our American counterparts.
Navigating (驾驭) the culture divide between Australia and the US was challenging at times. But I took up that ____ and learned a lot from it. It was an adventure.
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:A
小题5:A
小题6:C
小题7:B
小题8:B
小题9:C
小题10:B
小题11:B
小题12:A
小题13:C
小题14:D
小题15:A
小题16:B
小题17:A
小题18:D
小题19:B
小题20:C
解析
文章大意：离开家乡澳大利亚前往美国旅行，作者原以为两个国家文化差异很小，结果却令人大跌眼镜。作者从这次挑战中学到了很多东西。
小题1:答案：D 我来自悉尼市郊的一处海边小镇。由空前的a beachside town可知，应该是位于悉尼市郊。suburb“郊区，郊外”。
小题2:答案：A 我以为我的家乡和我的“目的地(美国)”几乎没有“文化”差异。cultural“文化的”；commercial“经济的”；economic“经济的，节省的”；scientific“科技的”。由常识可知，美国和加拿大的经济与科技的差异很明显，所以此处选A项。最后一段也有照应。
小题3:答案：D 见上句解析。destination“目的地”，此处指美国；home town“家乡”；departure“出发，离开”；location“地方，地点，位置”。
小题4:答案：A 我对于两个国家文化上的巨大差异感到震惊。how修饰形容词different，意为“多么地不同”。
小题5:答案：A 美国的每个方面都体现出一个“大”字。
小题6:答案：C 美国的大楼都是摩天大楼而且在里面“生活”和工作的人也很高大。
小题7:答案：B 就餐时，所给的饭食份额对我来说“好像”够三至四人吃的。
小题8:答案：B 我曾经“点”了一份烤土豆，结果它竟然比我的头还大。order“点(酒菜等)”；bring“带来”；design“设计”；fetch“去取”。
小题9:答案：C 这让我“大吃一惊”。a shock“一件令人吃惊的事情”。
小题10:答案：B 在美国待得越久，我就越“注意到”一些像餐馆里“付小费”一类的文化上的小差异。notice“注意”；prefer“更喜欢”；tell“辨别，区分”；appreciate“感激，欣赏”。
小题11:答案：B 此处与下一空前的a tip照应。
小题12:答案：A 在澳大利亚，“除非”被服务得很好，否则我们不付小费。unless“除非”；if“如果”；when“在……时”；since“自……以来，既然”。
小题13:答案：C 在美国，“几乎”一切事情都要付小费。此处强调美国与澳大利亚的不同，所以应该选表示肯定意义的词，排除A、D两项；mostly“主要地，通常，一般地”；almost“几乎”。
小题14:答案：D 侍者和商店服务生“预计”能得到所付费用的百分之十五。expect“预计，期望”。
小题15:答案：A 在“像”纽约或者华盛顿这一类地方，小费的数额可能高达百分之二十。like“像”。
小题16:答案：B therefore“因此”；so“所以”；however“然而”；but“但是”。前面的差异使我原先的成见变得谨慎起来。该段与前面是因果关系，所以选A、B两项；而so一般不用逗号和句子隔开。
小题17:答案：A come true“实现，成真，应验”。尽管如此，对一些地方的成见的确是“应验了”。
小题18:答案：D 纽约人有强烈的速度感。他们来去“匆匆”。walk“走”；drive“开车”；wander“闲逛”；rush“匆匆忙忙”。
小题19:答案：B 他们(纽约人)很少花时间“思考”现在。reflect on“认真思考，沉思”；depend on“依靠”；spy on“监视”；无watch on搭配。
小题20:答案：C take up the challenge“接受挑战”。但是，我“接受了挑战”，从中学到了很多东西。
核心考点
试题【One year ago, I traveled 15,000 kilometers from Australia to the US. I am from a】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The ancient supercontinent was made up of present-day Africa, Australia, Antarctica and parts of Asia. If that’s the case, the island species would need to be very old. Using “molecular (分子) clock” analysis of living iguanas’ DNA, Noonan and Sites found that, sure enough, the lineage of iguanas has been around for more than 60 million years—easily old enough to have been in the area when the islands were still connected by land bridges to Asia or Australia.
Fossils (化石) uncovered in Mongolia suggest that iguanid ancestors did once live in Asia. Though there’s currently no fossil evidence of iguanas in Australia, that doesn’t necessarily mean they were never there. “The fossil record of this continent is surprisingly poor and cannot be taken as evidence of true absence,” the authors write.
So if the iguanas simply walked to Fiji and Tonga from Asia or possibly Australia, why are they not also found on the rest of the Pacific islands? Noonan and Sites say fossil evidence suggests that iguana species did once inhabit other islands, but went extinct right around the time when humans settled in those islands. But Fiji and Tonga have a much shorter history of human presence, which may have helped the iguanas living there to escape extinction.
The researchers say that their study can’t completely rule out the rafting theory, but it does make the land bridge theory “far more reasonable than previously thought.”
小题1: What did some scientists previously believe about the iguanas?
| A．They were once discovered in America. |
| B．They traveled by raft to Fiji and Tonga. |
| C．They could survive in poor living conditions. |
| D．They moved to Fiji and Tonga from Australia. |
| A．the land of the world was a supercontinent |
| B．Fiji and Tonga were connected to Asia or Australia |
| C．Africa, Australia and America were a continent |
| D．iguanas walked to Fiji and Tonga from Africa |
| A．conditions in which creatures can survive |
| B．the change in ancient plants and animals. |
| C．the line of generations of an ancestor |
| D．the habitat of a type of an ancient animal |
| A．The life span of animals living on the ancient supercontinent. |
| B．The two islands being home to several iguana species in the Pacific region. |
| C．The fossil evidence suggesting iguanas’ ancestors’ swimming to Fiji and Tonga |
| D．By raft or by land — how did iguanas reach the tiny Pacific islands? |
I tried to read it. I adored reading, and would dive into a new pile of books from the library all at once. But something about Hans Brinker just wouldn’t let me in. The story was set in Holland, a long time ago. It felt dull and unfamiliar—even though I was a fan of classics of other times and places. I simply read the first pages over and over. I could not progress.
Standing on a bookshelf in our living room, the book was like something I avoided. It scolded me for not being interested, for not trying hard enough, for disappointing my grandmother.
The book started to fit in, almost forgotten, until Adele asked. Had I read it? Did I like it? Always determined, she wanted to know the answer. I would make some kind of excuse, feel bad, and open it again, hoping for a new reaction. The book weighed on me.
Years passed and finally Adele and I both accepted that I would never read Hans Brinker. Eventually I cleared the book from the shelf. The Hans Brinker experience led me to set a rule that I’ve lived by ever since: Do not ask about a book given as a gift. Don’t ask, despite your desire to discuss it to grow closer. The desire for such connection is what gives book-giving with special meaning—and increases the owner’s possibility to be a letdown.
Guilt is basically the same as for all gifts, though. If the giver doesn’t have the pleasure of seeing or hearing about the gift being enjoyed, and asks whether it is, then the owner—unless she can truthfully say “yes”—either has to admit to not liking the present, or else lie on the spot. Neither is pleasant. So, don’t ask.
小题1: When the author was a kid, his grandmother ________.
| A．took him to travel around the world a lot |
| B．loved to take him to museums and stores |
| C．shared her childhood stories with him |
| D．gave him many gifts |
| A．Boring. | B．Interesting. | C．Puzzling. | D．Disappointing. |
| A．the book is too heavy for the author to carry |
| B．the author feels stressful facing the book |
| C．the book is full of powerful viewpoints |
| D．the author keeps reading the book |
| A．give others books as gifts |
| B．lie to people who give you gifts |
| C．get close to others through gifts |
| D．talk about the books given as gifts |
A University of Michigan team say people are twice as likely to pull out their phones to check their messages or emails if they’re with someone who has just done the same．It also found that females were more likely to use their mobile than men because it was more ‘consistent’ with the daily lives of women．
The team watched students in dining halls and coffee shops around campus，observing pairs of students sitting at tables for as long as 20 minutes and recorded their cellphone use at 1 0-second intervals．
“What we found most interesting was just how often people were using their mobile phones，” Dr Daniel Kruger， the study’s co-author, said．“Every person we observed used his／her phone at least once while one woman was on hers about half of the time．You may see others checking their incoming messages and be encouraged to check your own．’’
Overall，the students used their cellphones in an average of 24 percent，the researchers found．But they were significantly more likely to use their phones(39．5 percent)when their companion had just done so in the previous 10-second interval than without the social clue，the researchers said，adding that this behavior was often repeated．
Cell phones create an alternative way for one’s attention and may both promote and interrupt ongoing social activities，the researchers wrote．
Kruger believes this pattern could be related to the effects of social acceptance and rejection．If one person in a pair engages in another conversation through their phone，his or her companion may feel rejected．That companion then might be forced to connect with others from outside so as not to feel left out．
小题1:People’s strong desire to check their messages partly results from ___________．
| A．the modern substitute of their watches |
| B．the new messages of their handsets |
| C．the same behavior of other people |
| D．the update service of Facebook |
| A．They want to show off their modern mobiles． |
| B．They are more likely to be influenced by others． |
| C．They try to set a good example for others． |
| D．They desire to meet the demands of society． |
| A．Relaxed． | B．Ashamed． |
| C．Surprised． | D．Ignored． |
| A．using the cellphones | B．receiving social clues |
| C．joining in activities | D．engaging in conversations |
| A．Social Acceptance And Rejection |
| B．Females Use Mobiles More than Men |
| C．How Do People Check Messages? |
| D．Cellphone Use Is Spreading |
After looking at his chart, I saw that he was seeking treatment for alcoholism. There is an immediate prejudice against substance abuse in my E. R. One -we do not have a detox(戒酒) facility.The people seeking treatment for addiction are sometimes looked down on as being less worthy of treatment than other serious physical " ailments" .
At first glance, I found out that the man was now somewhere in his mid-thirties, was very weak and had a generally aggressive character. He could not sit still and had a cough. He had not had a drink in four days. His hands were shaking and there was a scared look in his eyes.
He told me that he began drinking about age 11 when his mother supplied him with it. He had tried to quit many times before but had not been able to." So . what"s different this time ?"I asked.
"Because I"m starting to be mean to the people I love, but now I don"t want to be. I ca:n see that I"m changing into something else. "
That answer helped change my attitude toward him. I could see the pain behind his eyes. Behind the appearance, there was a terrified person whose goodness was being claimed by the alcohol. He was desperate for help, but not so sure that his condition could be changed.
I, thank this man for showing me that the goodness is dressed in all sorts of disguises(伪装) . Sometimes we have to undress it. It"s worth doing. My patient was admitted to the hospital for help ,despite us not having a detox facility.
小题1: What does the underlined word " ailments" me
| A． build | B． energy | C．illness | D． ability |
| A．20 years | B． 11 years | C． Over 30 years | D． Over 20 years |
| A．The patient was refused mainly for the hospital"s lack of equipment |
| B．The patient once didn"t want to treat the people he loved kindly |
| C．The patient was strong and brave at first glance |
| D．The patient once succeeded in giving up drinking alcohol |
| A．Where there is a will, there"s a way. |
| B．A friend in need is a friend indeed. |
| C． Never judge a book by its cover. |
| D．Good is rewarded with good. |
I am among the l0 percent of people in the US that regularly work from home. You could include Obama among them, although I suspect his working area in the White House is better-equipped than my small space on to the back of the garage. He also probably doesn"t have a problem with three little kids interrupting his phone calls or bursting into his office at inappropriate moments.
Every day there they are, knocking on my window and peering inside, as if looking at an animal in a zoo. Once, a telephone interview I was doing with the former California governor Arnold Schwarzenegger was interrupted by my older son, then three years old, and completely naked "Ahaaar!" he shouted to my face. "What was that?" said Schwarzenegger. I stammered(结巴地说出) something about the joys of children and silently managed to shoo the boy out of the room without putting down the phone.
I shouldn"t complain. I no longer have to stand having someone"s armpit(腋窝) being pressed into my face on a crowded train and home status means ! should be a more productive worker although working from home could also lead to "avoiding duties from home". I would argue that a bigger problem is going nuts: Staring at the same walls every day and not going anywhere can do strange things to a person.
I realized I had to get out of the house at least once a day to avoid turning into an unshaven and unshoweredrecluse(隐士) who was still in his pyjamas at dinner time. I would work for an hour or so in a local coffee shop but, like most routine, this became boring because I would constantly see the same faces: Screenwriters poring over screenplays, elderly women heading to the yoga studio next door and hordes of overweight middle-aged male cycling by.
And yet here I am several years later, still working from home consciously and, I"m happy to report, not sitting at my desk in my pyjamas. Not since last Tuesday, anyway.
小题1:The author may agree that __
| A．it"s a bad decision to work from home |
| B．presidential visits bring inconvenience to the locals |
| C．if a person wants to be more productive, he must work from home |
| D．the former California governor was angry at the interruption during the interview |
| A．working from home has some drawbacks |
| B．working from home is a pleasant experience |
| C．Barack Obama has better working conditions than the author |
| D．it"s unfortunate for the author to have a naughty boy |
| A．he wants to get familiar with the people around |
| B．he doesn"t like working in his pyjamas at home |
| C．he becomes bored with being a commuter |
| D．he needs some changes to get relaxation |
| A．the author has to work from home |
| B．any routine definitely means boredom |
| C．the author is a humorous person |
| D．working from home contributes to avoiding duties |
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