题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Maori
The Maori were the first people to go to New Zealand, about 1,000 years ago. They came from the islands of Polynesia in the Pacific. They brought dogs, rats and plants with them and settled mainly on the Northern Island. In 1769, Captain James Cook from Britain took possession of the Island and from that time British people started to settle. The Maori signed an agreement on land rights with these settlers, but in later years there were arguments and battles between them.
Aborigines
The native people of Australia came from somewhere in Asia more than 40,000 years ago. They lived by hunting and gathering. Their contact with British settlers began in 1788. By the 1940s almost all of them were mixed into Australian society as low-paid workers. Their rights were limited. In 1976 and 1993 the Australian Government passed laws that returned some land to the Aborigines and recognized their property rights.
American Indians
Long before the Europeans came to America in the 16th and 17th century, the American Indians, or Native Americans, lived there. It is believed that they came from Asia. Christopher Columbus mistook the land for India and so called the people there Indians. The white settlers and American Indians lived in peace at the beginning, but conflicts finally arose and led to the Indian Wars (1866-1890). After the wars, the Indians were driven to the west of the country. Not until 1924 did they gain the right to vote.
小题1:The similarity among Maoris, Aborigines and American Indians is that _________.
A.they lost their vote right after European settlers’ arrival |
B.they lost their land after European settlers’ arrival |
C.they were driven out of their country after European settlers’ arrival |
D.they were not treated as citizens until recently |
A.a miserable | B.a bitter | C.a peaceful | D.a troublesome |
A.Maoris. | B.Aborigines. | C.American Indians. | D.Not mentioned. |
A.the war between aboriginal people and white settlers |
B.the history of Maoris, Aborigines and American Indians |
C.the present unfair treatment to aboriginal people of the world |
D.European settlers were the enemy of all aboriginal people |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:C
小题4:B
解析
试题分析:本文叙述了土居居民的的历史,毛利人在1000多年前来到了新西兰,后来英国人开始来到这里。澳大利亚的土著居民来自亚洲的某个地方,他们靠打猎和采摘为生,后来英国人开始来到这里打扰了他们的生活。美洲的印第安人他们来自亚洲,后来欧洲人来了,他们的生活变得不平静了。这三种土著居民的共同特点就是外人来时,他们的土地被外来人占去了一些并且他们的地位低下。
小题1:细节理解题。根据The Maori signed an agreement on land rights with these settlers,和In 1976 and 1993 the Australian Government passed laws that returned some land to the Aborigines 可推出当时是被抢去一些土地;the Indians were driven to the west of the country. 可知故选B。
小题2:推理判断题。根据They lived by hunting and gathering. Their contact with British settlers began in 1788. 在欧洲人去以前他们过着平静的生活,故选C。
小题3:细节理解题。根据In 1769, Captain James Cook from Britain took possession of the Island and from that time British people started to settle. Maoris是在1769年;Their contact with British settlers began in 1788. Aborigines是在1788年;Long before the Europeans came to America in the 16th and 17th century, the American Indians, or Native Americans, lived there. American Indians是在16世纪;故选C。
小题4:主旨大意题。根据短文的主要讲述了这三种人的历史情况,可知故选B
点评:主旨大意题要识别和理解主题句,可迅速准确地抓住短文的中心思想,从而把握住全篇的主要内容。在确定文章的主旨思想时,选项的内容既不能太具体也不能太笼统。在选择和确定主旨思想时,题中给出的四个选择项往往都是事实,要求考生从中选出最能概括文章主旨思想的一项作为正确答案。在这方面考生容易犯以下两种错误:一种是把主题的一部分看成是文章的“主旨思想”,这样选择的“主旨思想”太具体,不能准确地概括出整个文章或段落的主旨思想。另一种是在表达作者的主旨思想时,词语概括的范围太大,太笼统,超出了作者的本意。
核心考点
试题【ABORIGINAL is a term used to describe the people and animals that lived in a pla】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
“In the spring of 1952, my wife, my seven-year-old daughter, Joan, and I were out for a Sunday drive in our 1948 Chrysler Windsor. About three miles outside Newport we were watching for deer jumping across the road. Suddenly, there was a large rock in our path. I hit the brakes and we went into a ditch(壕沟).
“As I applied the brakes, both my wife and I threw our hands up to keep our daughter from hitting the car. There was soft mud in the ditch, so the car wasn’t damaged, and no one was hurt.”
“During the ride home I couldn’t stop thinking about the accident. I asked myself,‘Why couldn’t some object come out to stop you from striking the inside of the car?’As soon as I got home that night I drew some sketches(草图). Each evening for the following two weeks, I’d add or reduce something from the sketches.”
Hetrick applied an event he had observed while in the Navy to the design of the air bag. He was repairing a torpedo(鱼雷) which had a cloth covering. When the compressed(压缩的) air that was in the torpedo was let out, the covering was suddenly filled with air and was shot to the ceiling.
With this knowledge, he developed his design until he was able to obtain a patent on the invention on August 5, 1952. The idea was similar to the air bag designs of today. Compressed air is stored in a container and when a traffic accident occurs and the car slows down at a rapid enough rate, the air will be released into the air bag. The idea was ingenious, but Hetrick’s air bag never would have functioned properly. It was really a breakthrough, but it would require years and years of designing and testing by some top car designers before it could be used.
小题1:The car accident Hetrick was involved in ________.
A.damaged his car | B.happened in 1948 |
C.was caused by a deer | D.caused no harm to his family |
A.turned out to be dangerous | B.was helpful to his invention |
C.involved designing torpedoes | D.inspired him to design an air bag |
A.creative | B.ridiculous | C.crazy | D.complex |
A.It came into use in the 1950s. | B.It performed perfectly in car accidents. |
C.It prepared the way for air bags nowadays. | D.It took Hetrick about two months to develop it. |
A.the great inventor Hetrick | B.The invention of air bags |
C.a terrible car accident | D.road safety in the 1950s |
As the greatest archaeological findings of the 20th century, Terra-cotta Warriors has a really long history.In 246 BC, Qin Shi Huang, later the first Emperor of all China, had begun to prepare for his mausoleum which took 11 years to finish to defend him in the afterlife.There are over 7,000 pottery soldiers, horses, bronze chariots, and even weapons found in it now.Terra-cotta Warriors was listed by UNESCO in 1987 as one of the world cultural heritages and it has made Xi’an a famous city for tourists.
Big Wild Goose Pagoda
The Big Wild Goose Pagoda has a history of over 1,300 years and is a typical ancient Chinese building.It is located in the south of Xi’an City.Because Master Xuanzang stored his classics brought from India in the pagoda, it is also a holy place for Buddhists.As a National Key Cultural Relic Preserve, it won the title of an AAAA Tourist Attraction as well.
Xi’an Ancient City Wall
As one of the landmarks of Xi’an, Ancient City Wall still stretches round the old city today, dividing the city into the inner part and the outer part.Ancient City Wall was originally built during the old Tang Dynasty (618 — 907) and then enlarged by Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, thus forming the modern Xi’an City Wall.After the extension, the wall now stands 12 meters tall, 12-14 meters wide at the top and 15-18 meters thick at the bottom.
小题1:What is The Big Wild Goose Pagoda most famous for?
A.It has a history of over 1,300 years. |
B.It is a typical ancient Chinese building. |
C.It is a holy place for Buddhists. |
D.It won the title of an AAAA Tourist Attraction. |
A.In the Tang Dynasty. | B.In AD907. |
C.In modern times. | D.In the Ming Dynasty. |
A.Archaeologists. | B.Scientists |
C.Tourists. | D.Artists |
Block printing existed long before Gutenberg. The Chinese had been using wood blocks to print books as early as 868, but a new set of woodcuts (木刻印版) had to be made for each book. Producing one book was not easy; producing all kinds of books was more difficult.
Writing ink dates from about 2500 BC in Egypt and China. Gutenberg used an oil-based printing ink that would last longer than other inks used in his time. We don’t know much about Gutenberg because he was not famous during his lifetime. He was born in Germany about 1400. In 1448, Gutenberg developed signatures for each number, letter, and punctuation mark (标点符号). He then built the molds (模型) to hold the signatures in place. Gutenberg published the first mass-produced book: a 1,282 page Bible. To this day, more copies of the Bible have been printed than any other book.
Copies of Gutenberg’s invention spread throughout Europe, but the German goldsmith did not get rich from his invention. Some officials denounced the invention of printing because they feared that it would spread bad ideas. By 1500 there were 1,700 printing presses in Europe. The presses had already produced about 20 million volumes (册) of 40,000 different books.
小题1:What happened after Johann Gutenberg’s invention?
A.People could afford to read books. |
B.People became interested in inventing. |
C.It was still difficult to print all kinds of books. |
D.Punctuation mark began to be used in printing. |
A.was difficult to run |
B.needed harder paper |
C.used a new kind of ink |
D.was put into use earlier |
A.fought against | B.accepted |
C.laughed at | D.supported |
A.A famous 1,282 page Bible |
B.The life of a famous inventor |
C.An invention that changed history |
D.The development of printing |
Shakespeare
William Shakespeare is considered the most famous British playwright. Shakespeare has a large catalog(目录) of tragedies, comedies and history plays, and each category is home to some of the most famous plays ever written. Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, Othello and Julius Caesar are all tragedies and performed in theaters around the world every year. Famous comedies include A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Much Ado About Nothing. In the history category, Richard Ⅲ and Henry Ⅴ are very famous.
Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw
Several hundred years after Shakespeare, English people began to enjoy the works of Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw. Wilde’s plays are still popular now, and The Importance of Being Earnest is both performed and studied extremely frequently. A Woman of No Importance and An Ideal Husband are among his other famous works. Shaw and Wilde were born within a few years of each other, but Shaw was a much more productive writer. His most famous plays include Pygmalion and Candida. Shaw’s plays are loved so much that an entire theater company is devoted to performing his work in Niagara-on-the-Lake in southern Ontario.
Harold Pinter
The plays of Harold Pinter certainly have an international presence. His writing was so widely recognized for its importance that he was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature in 2005. Pinter is especially known for his style of writing. Many of his plays such as Betrayal, The Dumb Waiter and his first play, The Room, are extremely well known.
小题1:The writer wrote this passage to .
A.advise us to spend more time enjoying plays |
B.explain why England has so many wonderful plays |
C.tell us about some famous British playwrights and their works |
D.tell us the differences among some British playwrights |
A.They are all Shakespeare’s early works. |
B.They are all tragedies written by Shakespeare. |
C.They are all Shakespeare’s famous comedies. |
D.They all belong to the history category of Shakespeare’s plays. |
A.The Dumb Waiter and A Woman of No Importance. |
B.Richard Ⅲ and A Woman of No Importance. |
C.An Ideal Husband and Candida. |
D.Candida and Betrayal. |
A.William Shakespeare. | B.Oscar Wilde. |
C.George Bernard Shaw. | D.Harold Pinter. |
According to their beliefs, the first land diver was a woman. She decided to run away from her rude husband. So she climbed up a tall tree and tied some vines around her feet. Her husband also climbed up the tree and tried to catch her, but the woman jumped and the man followed. The vines saved her life, but her husband died.
This ancient custom caught the interest of some students at Oxford University in England. In the late 1970s, they formed a group called the Dangerous Sports Club. They were some of the first people to test several of what are now called extreme sports. They are said to have invented modern bungee jumping.
In the spring of 1979, members of the group jumped off the Clifton Suspension Bridge in Bristol, England. They were attached to the bridge by a bungee cord, a long elastic rope that stretches. The group soon received even more attention when they organized a bungee jump off the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California.
A man named A. J. Hackett of New Zealand decided to make the sport into a business. He started developing bungee ropes and material with a friend. They held a major jump in 1987 off the famous Eiffel Tower in Paris, France. They later got permission to open the first bungee jumping operation on the Kawarau Bridge in Queenstown, New Zealand. Many people paid 75 dollars to jump off the bridge with a bungee cord attached to their ankles.
小题1:The second paragraph tries to tell us________________.
A.a story about a woman land diver |
B.the beginning of modern bungee jumping |
C.the beginning of land jumping on Pentecost Island |
D.a story about a brave woman and her rude husband |
A.plants | B.tall towers | C.vines | D.logs |
A.the Eiffel Tower | B.the Kawarau Bridge |
C.the Golden Gate Bridge | D.the Clifton Suspension Bridge |
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