题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Words added to the Oxford English Dictionary are truly considered new members of the language. People invent new words all the time, but only a few become popular enough to get defined in dictionaries.
Typed online or in text messages, LOL, FYI, and OMG are initialisms,_which can be said aloud letter by letter, like LOL, which now stands for Laugh Out Loud.Faster to type than the full phrases, initialisms like these have been used online since the 1990s. But these three online terms are now spoken outside the Internet too, making them different from other online lingo( 行话). Dictionary editors decided the words are used so commonly that they had to be defined this year.
Another important addition to the dictionary this year was ♥, as in “I ♥ NY.” This is the first graphic (图形的 ) symbol ever defined in the Oxford English Dictionary.The editors added ♥ as a verb under the definition of “heart”, meaning “to love”.
Some slang words — informal language used more commonly in speech than in writing — were also added, like wassup, a shortened way to say “What"s up”. Even words that have been in use for many years like biker and happy camper were finally added to the dictionary.
The Oxford English Dictionary now defines more than 600,000 words.That adds up to more than 21,730 pages! Guinness World Records calls it the longest dictionary in the world.The Oxford English Dictionary is known for recording words of all kinds—popular, outdated, and even foreign words used by English speakers throughout the language"s long history.
小题1:The text is mainly about that ________.
A.expressions like LOL and FYI have been added to the Oxford English Dictionary |
B.English words change their meaning as time goes by |
C.English language is becoming more and more difficult to learn |
D.the Oxford English Dictionary breaks the Guinness World Record |
A.Some online terms are added to it. |
B.A graphic symbol is first introduced into it. |
C.Some slang words are collected in it. |
D.Some old words are left out. |
A.Words having foreign origins. |
B.Words made from the first letters of several words in a phrase. |
C.Uncommon words frequently appearing on the Internet. |
D.Official words used in formal documents with capital letters. |
A.spread widely across the Internet |
B.used commonly by the dictionary editors |
C.used commonly in either spoken or written language |
D.a short word |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C
解析
小题1:解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,一些便于表达和书写的首字母缩略词,如OMG,LOL,FYI被收入《牛津英语词典》。答案 A
小题2:解析 细节归纳题。短文第三段讲述一些网络缩略词LOL,FYI,OMG被收入词典;第四段讲述一个图形符号被收入词典;第五段讲述一些俚语被收入词典。而D项“一些旧词被删除”,在短文中没有提到。答案 D
小题3:解析 词义猜测题。根据短文中出现的“OMG(oh my god);FYI(for your information);LOL,which now stands for Laugh Out Loud”关键信息可知,initialisms指的是“一个短语中几个单词的首字母缩略词”。答案 B
小题4:解析 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Dictionary editors decided the words are used so commonly that they had to be defined this year.”及第五段第一句中的“informal language used more commonly in speech than in writing”可知,一个新词被收入《牛津英语词典》之前,它必须在人们的口语或书面语中被广泛运用。答案 C。
核心考点
试题【Did you know that the first documented use of OMG(oh my god)was in 1917, or that】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness,Richard Burton,Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras(交响乐团).It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly.
At the same time,the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival.Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947,in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform,and they did so in a public house disused for years.
Soon,groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University,and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge,Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by littleknown writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.
Today the“Fringe”,once less recognized,has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre,music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts.And yet as early as 1959,with only 19 theatre groups performing,some said it was getting too big.
A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971,and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself.In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries.More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.
小题1:What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?
A.To bring Europe together again. |
B.To honor heroes of World War Ⅱ. |
C.To introduce young theatre groups. |
D.To attract great artists from Europe. |
A.They owned a public house there. |
B.They came to take up a challenge. |
C.They thought they were also famous. |
D.They wanted to take part in the festival. |
A.Popular writers. |
B.University students. |
C.Artists from around the world. |
D.Performers of music and dance. |
A.has become a nonofficial event |
B.has gone beyond an art festival |
C.gives shows all year round |
D.keeps growing rapidly |
The American bug could also be a person,referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.Although fan became the usual term,sports fans used to be called racing bugs,baseball bugs,and the like.
Or the bug could be a small machine or object,for example,a bugshaped car.The bug could also be a burglar alarm,from which comes the expression to bug,that is,“to install (安装) an alarm”.Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others’ conversations.Since the 1840s,to bug has long meant“to cheat”,and since the 1940s it has been annoying.
We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design.That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.In 1878 he explained bugs as“little problems and difficulties”that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product.In 1889 it was recorded that Edison“had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a bug’ in his invented record player.”
小题1:We learn from Paragraph 1 that ________.
A.Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug |
B.George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug |
C.the word bug was still popularly used in England in the nineteenth century |
D.both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century |
A.Explanation. | B.Finding. |
C.Origin. | D.Fault. |
A.the misunderstanding of the word bug |
B.the development of the word bug |
C.the public views of the word bug |
D.the special characteristics of the word bug |
Most people learn best using a variety of ____,but traditional classes are an ideal(理想的)start for many people.They ____ an environment where you can practice under the ___ of someone who’s good at the language.We all lead ____ lives and learning a language takes ____.You will have more success if you study regularly,so try to develop a ___.It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long.Becoming fluent in a language will take years,but learning to get by takes____.
Many people start learning a language and soon give up.“I’m too____,”they say.Yes,children do learn languages more ____ than adults,but research has shown that you can learn a language at any ____.And learning is good for the health of your brain,too.I’ve also heard people ___ about the mistakes they make when ____.Well,relax and laugh about your mistakes ____ you’re much less likely to make them again.
Learning a new language is never ____.But with some work and devotion,you’ll make progress.And you’ll be ____ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in ____ own language.Good luck!
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C.agriculture D.medicine
小题4:A view B.knowledge
C.form D.database
小题5:A paintings B.regulations
C.methods D.computers
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C.our D,your
AVOID BIG EVENTS Big sporting events,concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room.A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival (19 Oct.) cost£169.15 at Booking.com.A week later,the same room cost£118.15.
If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid-or you’re looking for a big event to pass your time-check out sites such as Whatsonwhen.com,which allow you to search for events in the UK by city,date and category.
STAY AWAY FROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train,you may want to find a good base close to the station,but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.
Don’t be too choosy about the part of town you stay in.Booking two months in advance,the cheapest room at Travelodge’s Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was£95.95.A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was£75.75.And at Farringdon,a double room cost just£62.95.
LOOK AFTER YOURSELF Really central hotels in cities such as London,Edinburgh and Cardiff can cost a fortune,especially at weekends and during big events.As an alternative consider checking into a selfcatering flat with its own kitchen.Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city centre buildings.A great example is the historic O’Neill Flat on Edinburgh’s Royal Mile,available for£420 for five days in late September,with room for four adults.
GET ON A BIKE London’s ‘Boris bikes’ have attracted the most attention,but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace,saving you on public transport or car parking costs.
Among the smaller cities with their own programmes are Newcastle (casual members pay around£1.50 for two hours) and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes,or£5 per day).
小题1:The Brighton Comedy Festival is mentioned mainly to show big events may________.
A.help travelers pass time |
B.attract lots of travelers to the UK |
C.allow travelers to make flexible plans |
D.cause travelers to pay more for accommodation |
A.a hotel away from the train station |
B.the tube line to Covent Garden |
C.an ideal holiday destination |
D.the name of a travel agency |
A.lies on the ground floor |
B.is located in central London |
C.provides cooking facilities for tourists |
D.costs over£100 on average per day in late September |
A.half an hour |
B.one hour |
C.one hour and a half |
D.two hours |
A.to tell visitors how to book in advance |
B.to supply visitors with hotel information |
C.to show visitors the importance of selfhelp |
D.to offer visitors some moneysaving tips |
Class means a person’s economic position in society.A commonly used classification is lower class,middle class and upper class.While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined,they do describe societies like the United States quite well.One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class,46% the middle class,and 1% the upper class.Interestingly,a surgeon earning $500,000 a year and a bus driver earning $50,000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!
Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.Obviously,people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise(行使)big power,but people who take orders from others have less power.Power and class do not always go hand in hand,however.For example,the governor of a state has great power,but he or she may not belong to a corresponding (相应的)economic class.Generally,however,there is a relationship between power and class.To our knowledge,there aren’t too many people who aren’t millionaires in the U.S.Senate!
Status is the honor or respect attached to a person’s position in society.It can also be affected by power and class,but not necessarily so.For example,a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.
小题1:What can we learn about“the middle class”from Paragraph 2?
A.People earning $50,000 a year belong to the middle class. |
B.Nearly half Americans belong to the middle class. |
C.People generally consider bus drivers as the middle class. |
D.Sociologists have a clear definition of the middle class. |
A.power and class do not always correspond with each other |
B.status refers to a person’s economic position in society |
C.people with high status have a lot of control over others |
D.class is less important in deciding a person’s social rank |
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