题目
题型：0108 模拟题难度：来源：
brain in protective hormones (荷尔蒙), U.S. researchers reported on Thursday.
Tests on rats show that those who raise two or more litters of pups do considerably better in tests of
memory and skills than rats who have no babies, and their brains show changes that suggest they may be
protected against diseases such as Alzheimer"s (早老痴呆症). University of Richmond psychology professor
Craig Kinsley believes his findings will translate into humans.
"Our research shows that the hormones of pregnancy (***) are protecting the brain, including estrogen
(雌激素), which we know has many neuroprotective (保护神经的) effects," Kinsley said.
"It"s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals," he added in a telephone
interview. "They go through pregnancy and hormonal changes."
Kinsley said he hoped public health officials and researchers will look to see if having had children protects
a woman from Alzheimer"s and other forms of age-related brain decline.
"When people think about pregnancy, they think about what happens to babies and the mother from the
neck down," said Kinsley, who presented his findings to the annual meeting of the Society of Neuroscience in
Orlando, Florida.
"They do not realize that hormones are washing on the brain. If you look at female animals that have never
gone through pregnancy, they act differently toward the young. But if she goes through pregnancy, she will
sacrifice her life for her infant-that is a great change in her behavior that showed in genetic alterations (改变)
to the brain."
B. Many women say so.
C. They know it by experimenting on rats.
D. They know it through their own experience.
B. Animals.
C. Old rats.
D. Grown-up rats.
B. The hormones of pregnancy.
C. More exercise.
D. Taking care of children.
the sentence suggest?
B. The experiments on the rats are very important for animals.
C. The experiments on the rats are much the same on humans.
D. The experiments on the rats are much the same on other animals.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Motherhood may make women smarter and may help prevent dementia (痴呆) i】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Several minutes after her leaving, the men murdered a person working in the building. The police determined
that the woman was the only witness and could possibly describe them. However, her memory of the men
proved disappointingly unclear. Several days later, psychologist Ronald Fisher was brought in to obtain a
more complete account from the woman. His interview produced a breakthrough-the woman reported a clear
picture of one of the suspects. The important information enabled the police to arrest the suspect and close
the case.
The police asked Fisher for help because of his rich knowledge in cognitive (认知的) interview, a kind of
memory-rebuilding process. Memory researchers have found that people trying to remember a past event often
only recall part of the relevant information. Human memory is selective and it is often distorted by stress. But
a person"s accurate recall of an event or understanding of a question can be improved using specific
interviewing techniques. The "cognitive interview" was developed in the late 1990s. It encourages the witness
to take an active role in recalling information rather than giving answers only to someone else"s questions.
The witness first describes what happened in his or her own words, with no interviewer interruptions. The
interviewer then goes further with specific techniques, such as having the witness tell the detail", of what
happened from different perspectives (角度).
The cognitive interview focuses on guiding witnesses through four general recalling techniques: thinking
about physical surroundings and personal feelings that existed at the time of past events; reporting everything
that comes to mind about those events, no matter how broken it is; retelling events in a variety of time orders,
such as from beginning to end, end to beginning, forward or backward; and adopting different perspectives
while recalling events.
Experiments with police detectives trained in this demanding interview method find that they obtain nearly
50% more information from witnesses than before training, while error rates remain about the same. It is
proved that cognitive interviews are quite important tools in improving the accuracy and completeness of
witness testimony (证词).
B. help a witness to recall information in a cognitive interview
C. prove Fisher was an expert in cognitive interview
D. introduce an idea of cognitive interview
B. The information about the event in the time order.
C. The important things that come to his or her mind.
D. The exact time at which a murder took place.
B. the interviewer should interrupt the witness from time to time
C. the witness is encouraged to take part in recalling information
D. the witness should recall details at the scene of the event
B. balanced
C. arranged
D. examined
misery(痛苦, 不幸). Very attractive people tend to form partnerships that are less stable and satisfying
than those enjoyed by plain Jane.
According to the research by Dr John Blaine of the University of Southern California, relationships
between people whose professions largely depend on their appearances, such as, models or actors, tend
to end much faster than those between lawyers, doctors or students.
Blaine said the beautiful felt different from childhood. They are treated as special, which may create
both arrogance (傲慢) and insecurity. All too often, beauty can be used as an alternative to education.
Often they are pushed out of their class or town, told to go off and make their fortune in Hollywood or
London and, when the majority fail, they have few talents to make a living.
Blaine added that beautiful people score poorly on the "big five"-the key factors American experts
consider when helping distressed couples. These are neuroticism (神经过敏), including anger and anxiety;
extroversion (性格外向); openness to new experiences; agreeableness; and conscientiousness, or sticking
by agreements they have made. Attractive people often see no reason to try to change until their looks start
to fade.
Krista Sutherland of the University of California Los Angeles, said partnerships that appeared to be
perfect from the outside, such as the former "dream teams" of Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise or Hugh
Grant and Elizabeth Hurley, where backgrounds and aspirations (抱负) are often shared, did not necessarily
lead to happiness.
from alone in their misery" means?
B. Beautiful women were always alone.
C. Beautiful women always lived a happy life.
D. Many beautiful women didn"t end up with a happy life in terms of relationship.
B. Nicole Kidman and Tom Cruise were very satisfied with their life
C. When they fail in Hollywood, the beautiful have little trouble in making a living
D. Hugh Grant and Elizabeth Hurley were a couple
B. Beauties or common?
C. Beauties are doomed to fail in love.
D. The beautiful are different
(认知的) skills didn"t get any smarter.
More than 8,600 people aged 18 to 60 were asked to play online brain games designed by the researchers
to improve their memory, reasoning and other skills for at least 10 minutes a day, three times a week. They
were compared to more than 2,700 people who didn"t play any brain games, but spent a similar amount of
time surfing the Internet and answering general knowledge questions. All participants were given a sort of
I.Q test before and after the experiment.
Researchers said the people who did the brain training didn"t do any better on the test after six weeks than
people who had simply been on the Internet. On some sections of the test, the people who surfed the Net
scored higher than those playing the games.
"If you"re (playing these games) because they"re fun, that"s absolutely fine," said Adrian Owen, the study"s
lead author. "But if you"re expecting (these games) to improve your I.Q., our data suggests this isn"t the case,"
he said during a press briefing on Tuesday.
One maker of brain games said the company"s games have been proven to boost brain power. "Their
conclusion would be like saying, "I cannot run a mile in under 4 minutes and therefore it is impossible to do
so," Aldrich said in a statement.
"There is precious little evidence to suggest the skills used in these games transfer to the real world," said
Art Kramer, who was not linked to the study and has no ties to any companies that make brain training games.
Instead of playing brain games, Kramer said people would be better off getting some exercise. He said
physical activity can spark (激发) new connections between nerves and produce new brain cells."Fitness
changes the building blocks of the brain"s structure," he said.
B. unreliable
C. illegal
D. effective
B. Age didn"t affect the result of the research.
C. Every person played online brain games three times a day.
D. People who didn"t play online brain games did better in I.Q test
B. There is a lot of evidence to suggest skills can transfer to the real world.
C. Do physical activity can boost your brain power.
D. Playing online games can spark new brain cells
B. Those playing the games can score higher in the test
C. playing the games can spark new connections between nerves
D. This isn"t the case that these games can improve your I.Q.
You can change the way you imagine or remember things without changing what you imagine, and it will
change your feelings. For example, if a visual memory makes you sad whenever you think about it, you can
make that mental picture smaller and dimmer, and when you do, the memory won"t make you as sad. Since
you haven"t changed the content of the memory, you haven"t lost any information. You have simply made it
less painful.
When you visually remember a pleasant memory, you can made the picture more colorful and the money
will give you even more intense good feelings. You can make your pictures of the future brighter, wider,
deeper, or you can bring the images closer. Changes like these will make you feel different-even when you
leave the content of the picture the same.
These are general guidelines (指导方针). You"ll need to experiment for yourself to find out what will work
for a particular image. For a few people, making an exciting picture brighter makes the feelings less intense.
And for some kinds of pictures, increasing the brightness would cause the feelings to become less intense-for
example, a romantic memory.
What is true for visual images also applies to the way you talk to yourself.
For example, if you have trouble motivating yourself, try changing the tone of voice you use when you
spread to yourself. Some people order themselves around. The voice they use to talk to themselves is harsh and
commanding. Listening to yourself being bossy can have the same effect as listening to someone else being
bossy: It can make you want to rebel. Change your tone to friendly or seductive, and you might feel more
motivated. When you tell yourself, "I can do it," fill your internal voice with enthusiasm and back it up with
inspiring music. The possibilities are in fact endless.
The important thing to understand is that they way you code your inner world has an impact, and you have
quite a bit of control over that coding. You can change it deliberately. When you do, it will change your feelings,
which change your actions, which will change the world around you.
B. Be Merry
C. You Can Change People"s Attitude towards You
D. Talk to Yourself in a Friendly Way
B. on purpose
C. difficultly
D. wiser
B. sadder
C. calmer
D. wiser
B. Some people order others to follow their instructions.
C. Some people are very hard on themselves.
D. Some people are very strict with themselves.
of the animal world. But last week a report said that there are no more than 30 wild tigers left in south China.
This was the conclusion of a team of scientists from China"s State Forestry Administration and the World
Nature Fund.
The South China tiger, also known as the Chinese tiger, is native to southern China. In the 1950"s, there
were over 4000 tigers found in mountain forests in the country. But due to the destruction of their natural
habitat (栖息地) and uncontrolled hunting, it has been pushed on to the list of the world"s top ten most
endangered species.
Sixty-six of the big cats can be found in the cages of a dozen zoos around China. But they are nothing like
their wild cousins. They have lost their natural skills such as hunting and killing. If they were set free they
could not look after themselves.
"Breeding has damaged the quality of the species", said Pei Enle, deputy director of the Shanghai Zoo.
To reintroduce the species into the wild, the country started a programme to send five to ten young tigers
to South Africa. Four of them have already arrived. Progress has been made as two elder tigers have
recovered some of their instincts(本能) and can hunt wild animals by themselves at the African base.
" South Africans are very experienced in reintroducing big animals to the wild. The country has very good
natural conditions for the tigers to learn in", said Lu Jun, office director of the National Wildlife Research and
Development Center. "We tried in Fujian Province, but it was not successful as there was not a complete
eco-chain (生物链) and there was a lack of space." The tigers should return to China in 2007 when the
reservations in Fujian are ready.
endangered species?
B. Because there is not a complete eco-chain.
C. Because there is no space for it.
D. Because uncontrolled hunting has destroyed its natural living conditions.
B. Two tigers can already compete with their wild cousins.
C. Some of the tigers are already on the road to recovering their natural skills.
D. The tigers should be able to recover their instincts completely by 2007.
B. they don"t know how to hunt or kill
C. a complete change has resulted in the species because of breeding
D. to reintroduce them into the wild has become an urgent task
B. To provide them with a better environment.
C. To get the tigers to go on a tour.
D. To find a complete eco-chain for them.
B. Because South Africans are skilled at dealing with the tigers.
C. Because there is a complete eco-chain and enough space there.
D. Because the country has good natural conditions for the tigers to learn in.
最新试题
- 1The reason_______ so many people rushed to California was __
- 2阅读下列材料，写出你的探究结果。（4分）在"走进家庭"主题活动中，请你完成两项任务。小题1:下面是主题活动的宣传标语，请
- 3下列各句中划线的成语，使用不正确的一项是（ ）（2分）A．夏天是香格里拉最美的季节，每到此时，游客络绎不绝，流连忘返。
- 4在学校举办的游艺活动中，数学俱乐部办了个掷骰子的游戏．玩这个游戏要买2元一张的票．一个游戏者掷一次骰子，如果掷到6，游戏
- 5如图甲、乙两人同时沿着边长为90m的正方形广场ABCD按A→B→C→D→A……的顺序跑，甲从A出发，速度为65m/min
- 6句型转换。1. We got over 1,000 letters from our readers about the
- 7读地理素描图判断，因流水侵蚀作用而形成的地貌图是[ ]A、B、C、D、
- 8已知全集，，，则A．B．C．D．
- 9【题文】仿照下面“不是”和“如同”的句子形式，各造一个句子，表达你对“承诺”的理解（4分） 承诺不是蓝天上的一片白云，逍
- 10阅读图文材料，结合所学知识，回答问题。（1）英国科学家李约瑟说，中国海军在1100~1450年间，包括郑和的船队，无疑是
热门考点
- 1下列关于热化学反应的描述中正确的是A．HCl和NaOH反应的中和热ΔH＝－57.3kJ/mol，则H2SO4和Ba(OH
- 2下列关于呼吸作用的叙述，不正确的是（ ）A．只要有活细胞，就能进行呼吸作用B．呼吸作用在有光和无光的条件下都能进行C．
- 3下列家庭小实验中，不能获得成功的是A．用2B铅笔芯做导电性实验 B．用过滤的方法把硬水变成软水 C．用冷碟子放在蜡烛火焰
- 4下列有关东印度公司的说法错误的一项是[ ]A．它只有进行商业贸易的权利 B．19世纪早期，它统治了印度的大部
- 5下列叙述不正确的是（ ）A．一氧化碳燃烧会产生淡蓝色火焰B．碱式碳酸铜俗名铜绿C．稀释浓硫酸应将浓硫酸沿容器壁慢慢注入
- 6如图所示的电路中，电阻R和自感L的值都很大并相等，A、B是完全相同的灯泡，当电键S，闭合时，下面所述的情况中正确的是（
- 7已知等比数列的前项和为，，且、、成等差数列. （Ⅰ）求数列的通项公式； （Ⅱ）设数列是一个首项为，公差为的等差数列，求数
- 8能把声音和图像转化为变化的电流的装置是[ ]A.话筒、摄像机B.话筒、显像器 C.扬声器、显像管 D.扬声器、摄
- 9已知反比例函数，下列结论不正确的是A．图象必经过点(-1,2)B．y随x的增大而增大C．图象在第二、四象限内D．若x＞1
- 10一次函数的解析式为y=（m-1）xm2-2，则m=______．