题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
About 180 meters below the ice where no light can get through, scientists had thought nothing much more than a few microbes (微生物) could exist.
That’s why a NASA team was surprised when they lowered a video camera to get the first long look at the underbelly of an ice sheet in Antarctica. A curious shrimp – like creature came swimming by and then parked itself on the camera’s cable. Scientists also pulled up a tentacle (触须) they believe came from a jellyfish.
“We were operating on the presumption that nothing’s there.” Said NASA ice scientist Robert Bindschadler. “It was a shrimp you’d enjoy having on your plate.”
“We were just gaga (狂热的) over it,” he said of the 7.5cm long, orange creature starring in their two – minute video. Technically, it’s not a shrimp. It’s a Lyssianasid amphipod, which is distantly related to the shrimp.
The video is likely to inspire experts to rethink what they know about life in harsh environments. And it has scientists thinking that if shrimp – like creatures can live below 180 meters of Antarctic ice in freezing dark water, what about other cold places? What about Europa, a frozen moon of Jupiter?
Cynan Ellis – Evans, a scientist of the British Antarctic Survey called the finding fascinating. He said it was possible the creatures swam in from far away and don’t live there permanently.
But Kim, who is a co-author of the study, doubts it. “The site in West Antarctica is at least 19 km from open seas. Bindschadler drilled a 20 cm – wide hole and was looking at a tiny amount of water. That means it’s unlikely that two creatures swam from great distances and were captured randomly in that small of an area,” she said.
Yet scientist were puzzled at what the food source would be for these creatures. While some microbes can make their own food out of chemicals in the ocean, complex life like the shrimp can’t, Kim said.
“So how do they survive? That’s the key question.” Kim Sai.
“It’s pretty amazing when you find a huge puzzle like that on a planet where we thought we know everything.” Kim said.
小题1: What does the underlined word “harsh” probably mean?
| A．cold | B．loud | C．cruel | D．ugly |
| A．swam great distances to Antarctic | B．has always lived in the region |
| C．gradually evolved from shrimps | D．has nothing in common with shrimps |
| A．it marks NASA’S first Antarctic biological study |
| B．it proves there is marine life in the Antarctic |
| C．it could inspire further study of life in harsh environments |
| D．it shows that Lyssianasid amphipod is closely related to shrimps |
| A．Complex life usually lives on other forms of life. |
| B．Scientists saw two creatures in the two – minute video. |
| C．It is possible for creatures to live 180 meters below the ice though there is no light. |
| D．Scientists captured the shrimp – like creature in a camera by drilling a hole through the ice. |
答案
解析
核心考点
试题【In a surprising discovery about where higher life can survive, scientists have f】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
小题1:Which of the following statements is true?
| A．Humans didn’t explore the oceans until the 19th century. |
| B．Maury first established the field of oceanography. |
| C．Maury spent a lot of time in studying seawater,sea life,and the bottom of the ocean. |
| D．Many individuals also plays a very important part in advancing our understanding of oceans,such as Maury. |
| A．Four. | B．Three. | C．Five. | D．Two. |
| A．The process of the oceanography has stopped at one time. |
| B．Maury’s work on oceanography contributes a lot to weather reporting at sea. |
| C．Nowadays the equipment for studying the oceans needs improving,because it is out of date. |
| D．The expeditions in the past had great difficulty and made a lot of efforts in order to study the oceans. |
Climate change connected with the reduction of wetlands at the source of the country"s two longest rivers， the Yangtze and the Yellow， has reduced the volume of water flowing into them， scientists said.
Scientists studied changes over past 40 years to the wetlands on the cold QinghaiTibet Plateau in west China where the two rivers have their sources.
They found the wetlands on the plateau have shrunk (减少) more than 10 percent over the past four years. The wetlands at the source of the Yangtze have suffered the most， decreasing by 29 percent.
About 17.5 percent of the small lakes at the source of the Yangtze have dried up， the scientists said.
“The wetland plays a key role in holding water and changing the water volume of the rivers，” Wang Xugen， a researcher， said.
“The reduction of the wetland on the plateau is closely connected with global warming，” Wang said， adding that even though rainfall has increased in the area， the reduction of the wetland has reduced the flow of the Yangtze and the Yellow.
Records by the weather station at the head of the Yangtze showed yearly rainfall at its source increased from 260 mm during 1991—2000 to 323 mm in the period 2001—2006.
“But the increased rainfall didn"t lead to more water"s flowing into the rivers because the evaporation (蒸发) was so fast as a result of global warming，” Li Shijie， a researcher， said.
Another study showed global warming had caused glaciers to get smaller， frozen earth to melt， grasslands to turn yellow and rivers to dry up.
The QinghaiTibet Plateau used to have 36 000 glaciers covering an area of 50 000 sq km. In the past 100 years， their area has been reduced by 30 percent.
60.According to the passage， the true statement of the following is that .
A.the wetlands at the source of the Yellow have decreased by 29 percent
B.there"s no more water in about 17.5 percent of the small lakes at the source of the Yangtze
C.the reduction of the wetland on the plateau has nothing to do with global warming
D.yearly rainfall has increased from 260 mm to 323 mm in the past 15 years
61.Which of the following is NOT the result of global warming？
A.Frozen earth melts. B.Evaporation becomes faster.
C.Sea level rises. D.Plants grow better in greenhouses.
62.The area that the glaciers of the QinghaiTibet Plateau cover is now about sq km.
A.35 000 B.12 000 C.15 000 D.17 000
63.In the passage， plays a most important part in holding water and changing the volume of the rivers.
A.yearly rainfall B.the evaporation C.the wetland D.climate change
A new study suggests that the more teenagers watch television , the more likely they are to develop depression (抑郁)as young adults. But the extent to which TV may or may not be to blame is a question that the study leaves unanswered.
The researchers used a national long-term survey of adolescent health to investigate the relationship between media use and depression . They based their findings on more than four thousand adolescents who were not depressed when the survey began in 1995.
As part of the survey, the young people were asked how many hours of television or videos they watched daily. They were also asked how often they played computer games and listened to the radio.
Media use totaled an average of five and one-half hours a day. More than two hours of that was spent watching TV.
Seven years later, in 2002, more than seven percent of the young people had signs of depression. Their average age at that time was twenty-one.
Brian Primack at the Universtiy of Pittsburgh Medical School was the leading author of the new study . He said every extra hour of television meant an eight percent increase in the chances of developing signs of depression.
The researchers say they did not find any such relationship with the use of other media such as movies, video games or radio. But the study did find that young men were more likely than young women to develop depression given the same amount of media use.
Doctor Primack says the study did not explore if watching TV causes depression . But one possibility, like sports and socializing . It might also interfere with sleep, he says, and that could have an influence.
The study was just published in the Archives of General Psychiatry. In December, the journal Social Indicators Research published a study of activities that help lead to happy lives. Sociologists from the University of Maryland found that people who describe themselves as happy spend less time watching television than unhappy people. The study found that happy people are more likely to be socially active, to read, to attend religious services and to vote.
60．The average age of the depressed young people should be when they began to receive the survey.
A．21 B．15 C．14 D．20
61．According to the passage, which of the following can possibly lead to depression?
A．Swimming B．Attending a party
C．Attending religious services D．Watching TV for a long time.
62．We can learn from the passage .
A．the survey lasted a short time
B．over 280 teenagers who received the survey became more or less depressed in 2002
C．men are more likely to become depressed than women
D．the study about the relationship between media use and depression was published in the journal Social Indicators Research
63．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Teens, television, depression B．Depression—the common problem of teens
C．Problems of watching TV D．Teens—a group enjoying watching TV
Trees are useful to man in three important ways: they give him wood and other useful things, they give him cool places, and they help to stop drought and flood.
Unluckily, in many parts of the world, man has not found that the third of these points is the most important. Man wants to make money from trees, so he has cut them down in large numbers, only to find that without them he has lost the best friends he had. And also, he is usually too careless to plant and look after new trees. So the forests slowly disappear.
This does not only mean that man will have fewer trees. The results are even worse: for where there are trees, their roots break up soil-make the rain in-and also bind the soil, thus stopping it from being washed away easily; but where there are no trees, the rain falls on hard ground and flows away, causing floods and carrying away the rich top-soil. When all the top-soil is gone, nothing is left but useless desert.
1.The most important points of trees to man is ________.
A. they help him to make money B. they give him cool
C. they give him wood and other things D. they help him to stop drought and floods
2.In many places forests slowly disappear because ________ .
A. many trees have been cut down by man
B. new trees are not well looked after
C. man has not paid enough attention to planting trees
D. all the above
3.Land becomes desert after all trees are cut down because ________ .
A. roots of trees break up the soil
B. there are too many rainfalls
C. strong winds bring a lot of sand
D. there are no longer trees to keep the rain and protect the top-soil.
4.Which title best fits the passage?
A. Trees and Man B. The Function of Tree Wood
C. How do People do with Trees? D. The Usage of Tree Roots
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Beverage Service We serve a variety of soft drinks, coffee, tea and free of charge. However, as flying has a dehydrating effect, water and nonalcoholic beverages are recommended.
Electronic Equipment Cellular phones, FM/AM radios, portable television sets and electronic toys with remote controls must not be used in the cabin, as their signals may interfere with the aircrafts navigational instruments. Laptop computers and CD (MD, MP3) players may be used during cruising portions of the flight but not during the takeoff and landing.Inflight Entertainment A wide selection of international publications are available for your reading pleasure. You may keep this free copy of Morning Calm magazine, but kindly return all other reading materials after you have finished with them for the benefit of fellow passengers. A selection of music is available on eight channels, from channel 3 to 10. The channel changer is on your armrest. We also offer a selection of popular films; you may listen in English on channel 2. Paduk (go) and chess are available on request, and we have free postcards and stationery.
Medical Needs We keep a selection of nonprescription medicine for any passenger suffering from mild sicknesses. An emergency medical kit is also available for more serious illnesses.Travelling with Infants and Children Baby bassinets are provided on a first come first serve basis and should be requested at the time of booking. Special meals for children and infants can be served if the request is made 24 hours before departure. Selected giveaways for children aged 2 to 12 are available on all international flights.
1. The services above are probably offered by ___________.
A. a traveling agent B. a medical center C. an airline D. a five-star hotel
2. If you turn on channel 5 on your armrest, what will you enjoy?
A. International news. B. Free-of-charge drinks.
C. Fashion magazines. D. Popular music.
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. You should return all the reading materials for other passengers to read.
B. Babies can have special food if it is ordered a day earlier before departure.
C. Alcoholic beverages are not served because passengers may get drunk.
D. All the children can get some gifts when they take an international airline.
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