题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Kristy Vanmarle, professor of the University of Missouri, has determined that contrary to what previous studies have shown, infants(婴儿)are able to quantify substances(物质)—like sand or water—as early as 10 months. As long as the difference between the two substances is large enough, infants will choose the larger amount, especially when it comes to food.
With the assistance of her team researchers, Vanmarle tested the quantifying skills of babies by presenting them with two cups: one containing a small amount of food, and one containing a larger amount. Consistently, the babies chose the larger amount.
“Several studies throughout the last 15 years have shown that infants are very good at telling how many objects they see; however, infants don’t seem to count things like water or sand,” Vanmarle said. “What we’re saying is that they can quantify substances; it’s just much harder. The infants can see how much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories. They decide which amount is larger, and they almost always select the larger one.”
“This information further refutes(驳斥)the long-held idea that babies know nothing of the world,” Vanmarle said.
“Since psychologists have begun studying infants with sensitive measures, we’ve discovered a lot of early abilities. I think for parents, it should be exciting to know that there’s somebody in there that has some fundamental and basic knowledge of the world, and that knowledge is guiding their development,” Vanmarle said.
In the future, Vanmarle says this kind of study could be linked to a child’s progress in math-related skills, although programs marketed to increase those abilities, such as “Baby Einstein,” still have mixed reviews when it comes to academic study.
小题1: The quantifying ability refers to the ability to .
A.choose between different substances | B.describe the quantity of something |
C.get much knowledge of the world | D.obtain math-related skills |
A.The process of doing research. | B.The final choice of infants. |
C.The scientific findings. | D.The observation of infants’ behavior. |
A.through their natural abilities | B.with the help of parents |
C.on personal preference | D.by saying numbers |
A.some parents don’t care about their kids |
B.scholars disagree on baby-training programs |
C.little research has been done on infants |
D.people used to think the world is known to babies |
A.Unique Quantifying Methods | B.Amazing Baby-training Ideas |
C.Early Human Abilities | D.Breakthrough in Baby Studies |
答案
小题1:B
小题1:C
小题1:A
小题1:B
小题1:D
解析
小题1:B推理判断题。由文章内容可知婴儿几乎总是挑选数量多的物体由此可推断这种能力指的是区分物体数量的能力。
小题1:C段落大意题。第四段介绍的是耗时15年的几个研究的科学发现故选C项。
小题1:A推理判断题。文章倒数第二段提到婴儿具有认知世界的一些基本知识.由此可推断他们选择数量比较多的食物是本能的体现。
小题1:B细节理解题。根据最后一段后半部分中的内容可知学者们就婴儿培训计划存在分歧。
小题1:D标题概括题。新的研究发现婴儿具有数量意识从而驳斥了长期以来认为他们对世界一无所知的观点显然是婴儿研究方面的突破。
核心考点
试题【Parents are often amazed at how fast their child grows and develops. New researc】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
However, creating a new invention means much more than having a brilliant idea. A good designer follows the design process: identifying the challenge, researching and brainstorming ideas(集思广益), designing a solution, testing and evaluating the ideas, and finally building the product. Designers also use science, math, technology, and engineering to design a tool that satisfies the need they identified.
Anyone can be an inventor —even kids! For example, Chester Greenwood was just fifteen years old when he invented a product that changed his life. In fact, his idea was so good that his invention supported him for the rest of his life. You may not know his name, but you probably know his invention —earmuffs (保暖耳罩)!
The inspiration for his earmuff design came to Chester when he was ice-skating. His ears were cold, and he decided to find a way to keep them warm. With the help of his grandmother, he made a new product to protect his ears and at the age of eighteen, Chester patented his earmuff design.
Many other famous inventors started young as well. Margaret Knight —the inventor of the flat-bottomed brown paper bag —is said to have created a safety device for textile looms(织布机) when she was just twelve years old. Another example is Thomas Edison, one of the greatest inventors in history, who applied for his first patent when he was just twenty-one years old. Over the course of his life, Thomas Edison patented a total of 1,093 inventions!
小题1: In most cases, an invention ________ according to the first paragraph.
A.comes from a complete new idea |
B.is usually based on an old product or idea |
C.will change its creator’s life completely |
D.is created by scientists in different fields |
A.the difficulty in making a new invention |
B.the common steps of creating new things |
C.having a good idea is the key to creation |
D.designing a tool is the first step in inventing |
A.children can also invent something |
B.it is easy even for children to make inventions |
C.kids have more advantages in inventing things |
D.to be an inventor is the best way to change one’s life |
A.protect his ears while ice-skating |
B.earn money to support his poor family |
C.realize his dream of becoming an inventor |
D.make himself look fashionable while ice-skating |
Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting (稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.
The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing.” In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.
Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.
Instead of staring at a blank start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.
小题1:When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind “cannot work in parallel” in the writing process, he means .
A.one cannot use them at the same time | B.they cannot be regarded as equally important |
C.they are in constant conflict with each other | D.no one can be both creative and critical |
A.putting their ideas in raw form | B.ignoring grammatical soundness |
C.attempting to edit as they write | D.trying to capture fleeting thoughts |
A.To organize one’s thoughts logically. | B.To get one’s ideas down. |
C.To choose an appropriate topic. | D.To collect raw materials. |
A.it overstresses the role of the creative mind | B.it does not help them to think clearly |
C.it may bring about too much criticism | D.it takes too much time to edit afterwards |
A.It allows him to sit on the side and observe. | B.It helps him to come up with new ideas. |
C.It saves the writing time available to him. | D.It improves his writing into better shape. |
Slow travel, is like the slow food movement, the practice of giving fast food in favor of homegrown cooking—the kind that takes hours to prepare and enjoy. Likewise, slow travel urges visitors to experience a place"s natural surroundings and learn about the ecology in a way not afforded by extreme games.
"Tree climbing is a slow activity," says Kovar. "It"s not something you do quickly and then you"re on to the next thing or event." There is no such thing as a quick climb, especially for beginners. This wasn"t a race against the clock or the fellow climbers. In fact, tree climbing is unlikely to ever become a feature of the extreme games. Many climbers refuse competition. There has already been so much competition in the world.
"When you stand below the tree, it can be amazing," Rusel DeMaria says, looking affectionately up at Michael"s Triumph, a 150-foot-tall tree. But reaching the treetop, he adds, is an entirely different feeling. Likewise, his wife, Viola Brumbaugh, kneels on the ground and asks Michael"s Triumph for permission to climb. "It goes a lot smoother that way, "She says.
And climbing has been included into many educational programs. New Tribe offers guided climbs through its school, Tree Climbing Northwest, where "we teach enough tree biology and forest ecology to raise awareness in our students," says New Tribe present Sophis Sparks. "We know that the tree climbing experience deepens personal appreciation for trees. After climbing, people value trees more and are motivated to support preservation. This is not just to preserve their playground."
Perhaps that is why he struggles with the term "recreational tree climbing," saying, "I prefer to call it inspirational tree climbing."
小题1:What do slow travel and the slow food movement have in common?
A.They take people a long time. | B.They are related to the eco-tourism industry. |
C.They advocate protecting nature. | D.They cost people little money |
A.People compete to see who can climb to the top first. |
B.It favors the experience of enjoying nature. |
C.It is a kind of extreme sport and needs a lot of effort. |
D.People view it as a challenge to climb the tallest tree in a forest. |
A.beg for the safety of climbing | B.Expect to climb faster than her husband |
C.Show respect for the tree | D.ask for permission of her husband |
A.provide people with more chances to play outside |
B.bring a lot of pleasure to life |
C.Deepens personal love between each other |
D.Makes people realize they should protect trees |
A.Tree-climbing travelling | B.Slow travel movements |
C.Dangers of climbing | D.Respect for nature |
Parents may start to notice a change in their child’s behavior if the child starts drinking. Kids who drink sometimes stop doing things they normally liked to do.They may keep telephone calls and meetings a secret and not want anybody to touch their things.They act moody(喜怒无常) and do not have the same eating and sleeping habits.
Parents need to stay involved (牵涉) in their kids’ lives. They should talk to their children about their problems to be aware of any changes.
Parents can be the best protection. Children who get a lot of love can feel good about themselves. It helps them resist(抵抗) doing bad things even when other kids are doing them. Parents can also help set a good example by not drinking and driving. They can have firm rules in the home that everyone follows.
Give the children good ideas on how to say “no” to drinking, even when they are at a party. Try not to overreact or panic (惊慌) if the child tries alcohol. How you handle it can affect their attitude. It may be helpful to talk to other parents about setting up curfews (宵禁令) and rules about parties or other events.
小题1:Which of the following is NOT the reason why some kids have an early start of drinking?
A.They want to show their maturity (成熟) by drinking alcohol. |
B.Drinking alcohol is much cooler than taking drugs. |
C.They are affected by many other people around them. |
D.They can get liquor easily. |
A.Nothing serious will happen to them. |
B.They keep the same eating and sleeping habits. |
C.They can control their moods quite well. |
D.Sometimes they act secretly. |
A.punish them at once |
B.ask the police for help |
C.ask their children’s friends for help |
D.set up curfews and rules about parties or other events with other parents |
A.Teen health. | B.Teen education. |
C.Teen drinking | D.Parents’ worries. |
Then one day. Some visitors from the city arrived. They told the villagers there were some people elsewhere who liked to eat frog’s legs. However, they did not have enough frogs of their own, and so they wanted to buy frogs from other places.
This seemed like money for nothing. There were millions of frogs in the fields around, and they were no use to the villagers. All they had to do was catch them. Agreement was reached, and the children were sent into the fields to catch frogs. Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money. For the first time, the people were able to dream of a better future. But the dream didn’t last long.
The change was hardly noticed at first, but it seemed as if the crops were not doing so well. More worrying was that the children fell ill more often, and, there seemed to be more insects around lately.
The villagers decided that they couldn’t just wait to see the crops failing and the children getting weak. They would have to use the money earned to buy pesticides(***虫剂) and medicines. Soon there was no money left.
Then the people realized what was happening. It was the frog. They hadn’t been useless. They had been doing an important job---eating insects. Now with so many frogs killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases.
Now, the people are still poor. But in the evenings they sit in the village square and listen to the sounds of insects and frogs. These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning.
小题1:From paragraph I we learn that the villagers __________.
A.worked very hard for centuries |
B.dreamed of having a better life |
C.were poor but somewhat content |
D.lived a different life from their forefathers |
A.the frogs were easy money |
B.They needs money to buy medicine |
C.they wanted to please the visitors |
D.the frogs made too much noise |
A.the crops didn’t do well |
B.there were too many insects |
C.the visits brought in diseases |
D.the pesticides were overused |
A.Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country |
B.Health is more important than money |
C.The harmony between man and nature is important |
D.good old day will never be forgotten |
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