题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
For better eyesight, doctors advise limiting the hours of screen time and encourage having enough eye resting time.
However, another study shows that sitting in front of computer or TV screens for long hours is not the only reason for myopia（近视）. An Australian research team studied young children in Sydney and Singapore to find the reasons for myopia.
The research team found that the prevalence（流行）of myopia among children in Sydney was lower than children in Singapore, even though they spent more time in front of computer and TV screens. The major finding is that children in Sydney spend longer hours on outdoor activities than those in Singapore.
Indoor and outdoor sports activities both make the eyes focus on more distant objects, which prevents the eyes from changing shape. But outdoor activities may better help avoid myopia than indoor sports activities.
Jane Gwiazda, who does research in sight problems, says: “Natural light is good for eye growth. And extra vitamin D from the sun might contribute to eye growth.”
Many doctors suggest that every child get its first eye test done when he/she is about two and half years old, and even if his/her sight seems perfect.
It is necessary for myopic children to wear glasses to prevent headaches, trouble reading or injuries. It is also important that schools invite doctors to test their students’ eyes.
If that is not possible, school teachers should at least encourage parents and children to have regular eye examinations and wear glasses. And parents should remember not only to limit the total screen time for their children, but also to encourage them to spend time outdoors.
小题1:What’s the aim of the study by the Australian research team ?
| A．To find the reasons for myopia. |
| B．To find the ways to treat myopia. |
| C．To prove the bad effects of myopia. |
| D．To prove the prevalence of myopia. |
| A．Because Sydney children watch less TV. |
| B．Because Sydney children have more eye resting time. |
| C．Because Sydney children use computers less. |
| D．Because Sydney children do more outdoor sports. |
| A．Sydney children don’t study hard. |
| B．Singapore children do few exercises. |
| C．Outdoor activities do more good to eyes. |
| D．Room light does harm to children’s eyes. |
| A．Children should have eye tests as soon as they reach school age. |
| B．Doing outdoor activities with no glasses is good for myopia children. |
| C．Focusing on distant objects can help the eyes keep their original shape. |
| D．Children should limit their time in the sun in order to protect their eyes. |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:C
解析
小题1:推理题。根据第二，三段可知这一研究的目的就是研究近视的原因。
小题2:细节题。根据第三段第三行The major finding is that children in Sydney spend longer hours on outdoor activities than those in Singapore.
小题3:推理题。根据第四段第二行But outdoor activities may better help avoid myopia than indoor sports activities.可知户外运动对眼睛有益。
小题4:细节题。根据第四段前两行Indoor and outdoor sports activities both make the eyes focus on more distant objects, which prevents the eyes from changing shape.
核心考点
试题【For better eyesight, doctors advise limiting the hours of screen time and encour】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
In 1953, the New Zealander Edmund Hillary, then 33, joined a British Qomolangma expedition led by Colonel John Hunt. Tom Bourdillon and Charles Evans were the first team to attempt the summit (顶峰). Despite a violent storm, they reached the South Summit — at 28,700 feet (8,748 meters) — by 1 p.m. on May 26. But both men knew they would run out of oxygen if they went on. They agreed to turn back.
Two days later, Hillary and Norgay, set out from Camp IX at 25,900 feet to make the next attempt. At 27,900 feet they made a temporary camp on a six foot wide rock to spend the night. At 6:30 the next morning, cheered by clearing skies, the team moved out. Roped together, cutting steps with their ice axes, they inched up a steep, knife-edged ridge (山脊) southeast of the summit. They reached the South Summit by 9:00 a.m.
Farther up, they met a 40-foot icy rock face, which was later named the Hillary Step. “…looking up at the rock step at 29,000 feet, it really did look extremely difficult to overcome,” said Hillary. But they found a narrow crack on the surface of the rock, just large enough to move inside on hands and knees, and managed to climb it by supporting feet against one side and backs against the other. Hillary said, “That was really the first moment during the whole of the expedition that I was confident that we were going to get to the top.”
The last few yards to the summit were relatively easy. “Then I realized that the ridge, instead of rising ahead, now dropped sharply away,” Hillary said. “I looked upward to see a narrow ridge running up to a sharp point. …and we stood on the summit.” It was 11:30 a.m. on May 29, 1953.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?
| A．The climbing history of Qomolangma. |
| B．The life and achievements of Edmund Hillary. |
| C．How Hillary and Norgay conquered Qomolangma. |
| D．How the Hillary Step got its name. |
| A．25,900 feet. | B．27,900 feet. |
| C．28,700 feet. | D．29,000 feet. |
| A．fine weather conditions | B．good rest the night before |
| C．enough food supplies | D．good climbing skills |
| A．much easier to climb than she expected |
| B．impossible for her to overcome again |
| C．easy to climb up but hard to climb down |
| D．one of the biggest barriers before the summit |
Have you ever suddenly felt that someone you knew was in trouble—and was he? Have you ever dreamed something that came true later? Maybe you have ESP (超感觉知觉).
ESP stands for Extra Sensory Perception. It may be called a sixth sense. It seems to let people know about events before they happen, or events that are happening some distance away.
Here"s an example. A woman was ironing clothes. Suddenly she screamed, "My father is dead! I saw him sitting in the chair!" Just then, a telegram came. The woman"s father died of a heart attack. He died sitting in a chair.
There are thousands of stories like this one on record. Scientists are studying them to find out what"s behind these strange mental messages. Here"s another example—one of hundreds of dreams that have come true:
A man dreamed he was walking along a road when a horse and carriage came by. The driver said, "There"s room for one more." The man felt the driver seemed dead, so he ran away. The next day, when the man was getting on a crowded bus, the bus driver said, "There"s room for one more."
Then the man saw that the driver"s face was the same face he had seen in the dream. He wouldn"t get on the bus. As the bus drove off, it crashed and burst into flames. Everyone was killed!
Some people say stories like these are coincidences. Others, including some scientists, say that ESP is real. From studies of ESP, we may someday learn more about the human mind.
小题1:According to the passage, the author believes that the sixth sense is_________.
| A．in existence | B．imaginative | C．not real | D．impossible |
| A．learn how people tell lies |
| B．know more about human dreams |
| C．know more about human mind |
| D．learn how strange things happen |
| A．things that may not happen |
| B．things that happen in a dream |
| C．things that must happen |
| D．things that happen by accident |
| A．the human dream | B．the sixth sense |
| C．the human mind | D．a crowded bus |
Do you want to be productive at work or at home? Here"s what you should do.
1. Cut off television
I used to tell myself that I needed a break. So, when the kids slept I turned on the cable and watched whatever program that caught my fancy. Often, I found myself not watching, just channel-surfing. And I didn’t end up watching a full program. I decided one day to just give up on TV as it made me sleep late and woke up tired.
If you want to be productive, cut off TV. You are better off reading a book. Without TV, I have managed to finish many books which I have bought but never read.
2. Limit Internet use
The other big distraction that can make you sleep late is the Internet. Probably because you will be checking your emails, updating your blog, watching YouTube, etc. Try limiting the use of it at home, or switch it to the morning session.
Nowadays, I check all my personal emails early in the morning. When I get into work, I find myself less tempted to check personal emails.
3. Know your priorities(优先考虑的事)
Really, it is all about the choices you make and the priorities you have. If you know it is competitive out there in the world, how can you be a better worker than the person who is also aiming for the position above you?
4. Rest early, rise early
Do you want to be productive? Rise early, read more books, have more energy, be more focused and set standards for others to catch up. It’s as simple as that.
小题1:The passage aims to give advice on how to ________.
| A．balance our work and energy well |
| B．take care of our kids at home |
| C．divide time between work and family |
| D．compete against others for a better position |
| A．Ancient wisdom. | B．Internet information |
| C．Popular beliefs. | D．Personal experience |
| A．watching her favorite TV programs with her kids |
| B．checking all her personal emails in the morning |
| C．changing channels frequently when watching TV |
| D．reading the books immediately after she bought them |
| A．our top priority at work is to get the leader’s attention |
| B．reading at night helps to make us more productive |
| C．it’s a waste of time to update our blogs very often |
| D．knowing priorities makes us more competitive at work |
How to get rid of waste is a great problem for the world today. Waste must be treated 16 it does not become a danger to life. 17 , in some countries, waste from factories is still poured straight into rivers. People who use the water from one of these rivers often get 18 . The water may become so polluted that it 19 all the fish in the river. When these rivers finally reaches the 20 , it pollutes the ocean.
In many countries with 21 , human waste is piped directly into the sea without being dealt with. This is not 22 . Although the sea itself can break up the waste, beaches 23 become polluted. 24 scientists suggest people take the waste far out to sea in ships where the wind and waves break it down.
In 1989 an international law was passed to 25 people putting waste into the sea. It is now against the 26 to put anything into the sea nearby. Such rubbish as plastics may not be thrown 27 the sea anywhere. Other waste may be put into the sea, either 19 or more than 40 kilometers from land, 28 the nature of the materials.
The 29 of dealing with waste has become so great that several international organizations have been 30 to protect the world and control pollution.
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New findings suggest that brainy card games such as contract bridge may temporarily(临时地) raise production of a key blood cell including in fighting off illness. After 90 minutes of play, bridge players had increased levels of immune(免疫) cells, according to the research reported last week.
A researcher, Diamond, studied bridge players from a women’s bridge club. She chose bridge players because the game includes skills stimulating(刺激) a part of the brain called the dorsolateral cortex. Earlier animal research suggests that this part of the brain may play a role in the immune system.
The findings are based on blood samples drawn from 12 women players. Their blood samples showed a rise in levels of white blood cells called T cells after they played bridge for 90 minutes. T cells are produced by the thymus gland(胸腺) and used by the immune system against diseases.
The T cell count jumped significantly in eight of the bridge players, and slightly in the other four. The findings contribute to the field of neuroimmunology(神经免疫学), whose name reflects the fact that the nervous system and the immune system are not considered separate and isolated(独立的) systems. What isn’t clear is whether the help to the immune system from an activity like contract bridge is lasting or temporary. It is also not clear whether the increase in T cells could finally be targeted against special illnesses.
小题1:Playing bridge can help one to fight off diseases because it can _______.
| A．raise production of a key blood cell | B．make people joyful |
| C．aid digestion | D．make break away from the bad habits |
| A．the players are good friends of hers |
| B．she loves playing bridge |
| C．this game stimulates a part of the brain that has something to do with immune system |
| D．she is a clever manager, who operates her bridge club well |
| A．a brain | B．a white blood |
| C．a red blood | D．a kind of dangerous blood |
| A．The immune system and the brain system used to be considered separate and isolated systems. |
| B．The help to the immune system that is brought about by playing bridge can last for a long time. |
| C．Cortex is a kind of blood cell. |
| D．The new findings are impossible. |
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