题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Scientist at India’s Bhabha Atomic Research Center discovered that mice injected with caffeine (咖啡因)remained alive after high doses(剂量)of normally lethal radiation.
Although the study was limited to animals, Kachadillilli George, head of the research team, believes the findings could have implications (something suggested ) for humans .
“It does suggest that coffee might have some beneficial effects in protecting against radiation,” he told New Scientist magazine late last month.
George and his team injected 471 mice with caffeine and left them uncovered to 7.5 grays of gamma radiation(伽玛射线),enough to kill most mice. But 25 days later 70 percent of the mice that had received 80 milligrams(毫克)of caffeine per kilogram of body weight were still alive.
On the contrary all 196 mice that had been left uncovered to the same radiation but had not been given any caffeine died.
小题1:George and his team drew the conclusion from .
| A．the magazine | B．their invention | C．the experiment | D．their experience |
| A．both mice and humans | B．only mice |
| C．only humans | D．neither humans nor mice |
| A．these mice had been given only 80 milligrams of caffeine |
| B．these mice hadn’t been injected with caffeine |
| C．these mice were very big and strong |
| D．these mice hadn’t been given enough caffeine |
| A．Human and Mice | B．New Radiation Defense—Coffee |
| C．Deadly Radiation—Gamma Radiation | D．Mice Died of Caffeine |
| A．causing death | B．lively | C．exciting | D．rich |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:B
小题5:C
解析
试题分析：本文介绍了一项新的研究发现，科学家对老鼠做的实验，得出结论咖啡因可以使老鼠和人类防御辐射。
小题1:推理题：从第五段的内容，可知科学家对老鼠做的实验，然后得出结论的。选C
小题2:细节题：从第一段的内容：London—coffee protects mice from radiation and could get the same way in humans,可知老鼠和人类都可以免受辐射的影响。选A
小题3:细节题：从文章的最后一段：On the contrary all 196 mice that had been left uncovered to the same radiation but had not been given any caffeine died.可知这些老鼠没有被注射过咖啡因。选D
小题4:主旨题：从第一段和第二段的内容，可知讲的是咖啡因可以防御辐射。选B
小题5:猜词题：从所在的句子的remained alive可知这些剂量本来是可以导致死亡的。选A
点评：阅读理解首先要能基本读懂文章，然后再根据问题，在文章中去找到相应的依据，研究相关信息句给出准确的答案。本文集中考查了细节题，要求考生仔细阅读全文，做好相应的标志，以提高阅读的效率和速度
核心考点
试题【London—coffee protects mice from radiation and could get the same way in humans,】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
小题1:In the writer’s opinion, the most effective way in learning English is ____.
| A．to practise speaking, writing and feeling it |
| B．to forget your own native language |
| C．to translate everything into his own language |
| D．to memorize the English words and grammatical rules |
| A．help you to study English well | B．stop you mastering English |
| C．make English easy to learn | D．help you notice mistakes |
| A．to get a knowledge of English by touching |
| B．to be able to read and write English |
| C．to translate English into your own by imagining |
| D．to be able to experience the rich sensation of the language |
There are 39 independent(独立的) colleges at Oxford, attracting students and learned men from across the world. There are over 100 libraries for the students and learned men to use. At University of Oxford, they also provide a number of money for the best students. Of course, if you want to study here, first you have to reach a certain level of English language.
College life at Oxford is very exciting but busy. The groups of college provide a friendly and welcoming home for students while the college are strict with students about their studies. Many Chinese students are studying here. The number of Chinese students at the university has grown quickly over the past 10 years.
根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。（共3小题，每小题1.5分，满分4.5分）
小题1:What do you have to do first if you want to ask fir studying at Oxford? You have to________.
| A．be independent |
| B．pass a certain level test of English language |
| C．study English hard |
| D．be the best students |
| A．excitement; much school work to do |
| B．excitement; no school work to do |
| C．attraction; no school work to do |
| D．attraction; a little school work to do |
| A．The College Life |
| B．The Famous Learners at Oxford |
| C．The Chinese Students at Oxford |
| D．The University of Oxford |
The study, conducted by neuroscientists （神经学家）and psychologist from the University of Maryland, concluded that women talked more because they had more of the Foxp2 protein. The research, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, found that higher levels were found among humans that were women but in rats that were males. Their findings came after it was previously claimed that ladies speak about 20,000 words a day – over 13,000 more than men. "This study is one of the first to report a sex difference in the expression of a language-associated protein in humans or animals,” said Prof Margaret McCarthy, who led the study. In their study, the researchers attempted to determine what might make male rats more vocal than their female friends.
They separated four-day-old rats from their mothers and then counted the number of times they cried out in the “ultrasonic range”, the frequencies higher than humans can hear, over five minutes. While both sexes called out hundreds of cries, the males called out twice as often, they found. But when the pups were returned to their mother’s cage, she fussed over her sons first. Tests conducted on the parts of the brain known to be associated with vocalcalls showed the male pups have up to twice as much Foxp2 protein as the females. The researchers then increased the production in the brains of female pups and reduced it in males. This led to the female rats crying out more often and their mothers showing more interest to them. In contrast, males became less “talkative”.
The researchers then tested samples from ten children, aged between three and five, which showed that females had up to 30 per cent more of the Foxp2 protein than males, in a brain area key to language in humans.
“Based on our observations, we assume higher levels of Foxp2 in girls and higher levels of Foxp2 in male rats is an indication that Foxp2 protein levels are associated with the more communicative sex,” said Prof McCarthy.
"Our results imply Foxp2 as a component of the neurobiological basis of sex differences in vocal communication in mammals."
小题1:From the second paragraph, we can learn that ________.
| A．women always speak more words than men |
| B．men and male rats have low levels of language protein |
| C．women and male rats have similar levels of Foxp2 |
| D．McCarthy isn’t the first to find females more talkative |
| A．paid attention to | B．related to | C．put pressure on | D．counted on |
| A．test which part of the brain is key to language in rats and humans |
| B．prove the levels of Foxp2 protein in humans and rats are different |
| C．determine the reason why female rats are more talkative than male rats |
| D．discover the association between Foxp2protein and vocal communication |
| A．Tests on humans and rats | B．Why women are the talkative sex |
| C．Sex differences in Foxp2 protein | D．Foxp2 protein determines oral ability |
Speaking, of course can"t go without listening．If you want to pronounce a word correctly, first you must hear it correctly．The sounds of Chinese and English languages are not exactly the same．If you don"t listen carefully, you"ll find it difficult or even impossible to understand the native speakers．
Well, what about writing﹖ Like speaking, it"s to exchange ideas．People usually use shorter words and shorter sentences in their writing．
The important thing is to make your idea clear in your mind and then to write it in a clear lively language．
Chinese students read too slowly．If you read fast, you understand better．If you read too slowly by the time you have reached to the end of a page you have forgotten what the beginning is about．When you meet with new words don"t look them up in the dictionary．Guess the meaning to form the context. You may not guess quite correctly the first time but as new words appear again and again in different context their meaning will become clearer and clearer. If you look up every word you"ll never finish a book．
Students of a foreign language need a particular knowledge, the knowledge of the life, history and geography of the people whose language they"re studying. They should study those subjects in the foreign language not only in translation．In this way one can kill two birds with one stone: learn a foreign language and get some knowledge of the foreign country at the same time．
小题1:In England Lenin ．
| A．could be understood by Englishmen |
| B．could understand Englishmen |
| C．and Englishmen couldn"t understand each other |
| D．and Englishmen could understand each other |
| A．how to speak English |
| B．how to read and write |
| C．why English people couldn"t understand the Lenins |
| D．spoken English is important |
| A．how to guess the meaning of the words |
| B．how to read fast |
| C．how to look up new words in the dictionary |
| D．how to read carefully |
| A．to get some particular knowledge |
| B．to get more than what one pays |
| C．the stone is very useful |
| D．the birds are blind enough |
| A．to kill two birds with one stone |
| B．to learn two languages at the same time |
| C．to study all the subjects in a foreign language |
| D．to get some knowledge of the foreign country whose language we are studying |
A Winter Adventure
Beep, beep. Beep-beep: the alarm clock rang. Slowly, I got out of warm bed down onto the wooden floor which the winter had thrown its cold upon. The bitter cold temperature penetrated （穿透）my socks and I hurried to put my feet in shoes.
Looking out of the window, I watched the white snow, soft and thick, drop onto rooftops and trees. Half an hour later, finishing the last of my hot chocolate, I prepared to enter the adventure that waited for me outside. I buttoned my jacket and fastened my boots. Hat on, I opened the door and was greeted by the winter coldness.
In the depths of winter, the early morning did not have the rush of the rest of the year. Most of my neighbours were put off by the cold, and stayed in bed until the sun had climbed higher into the sky.
Unseen by those who remained locked inside their homes, warm in their beds, I enjoyed being alone with the beauty of the wintertime. Those indoors were unable to appreciate the snow-scapes, ice crystals, frost and the crisp（清新的）breeze. For them, the coming of winter meant just the arrival of the cold.
Appreciation depends on contrasts. One cannot love the warmth of April if one has not known the freezing cold of winter. Later that year, the heat of the sun on my skin would be all the more wonderful for my memories of that cold morning and others like it.
小题1:The underlined word “adventure” refers to____________.
| A．getting out of bed on the cold winter morning. |
| B．enjoying the loveliness of the winter outdoors |
| C．going skiing on the cold winter morning |
| D．throwing snowballs with friends. |
| A．didn’t work in winter | B．stayed up late in winter |
| C．missed the beauty of winter | D．enjoyed the seasons except winter |
| A．Of all the seasons, the writer loves winter most. |
| B．The writer regrets that he went out on the freezing cold winter morning. |
| C．The writer believes contrast makes our experiences of the seasons lovelier. |
| D．The writer values the autumn and summer more than the winter |
| A．To share some winter thoughts with readers. |
| B．To show readers how to work on a winter story. |
| C．To inspire readers to take more exercise in winter |
| D．To tell readers how to appreciate the beauty of winter. |
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