题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Lateral thinking（迂回思维），first described by Edward de Bono in 1967，is just a few years older than Edward’s son．You might imagine that Caspar was raised to be an adventurous thinker，but the de Bono was so famous，Casspar’s parents worried that any time he would say something bright at school，his teachers might ask，“Where do you get that idea from？”
“We had to be careful and not overdo it．”Edward admits．Now Caspar is at Oxford-which once looked unlikely because he is also slightly dyslexic（诵读困难）．In fact，when he was applying to Oxford，none of his school teachers thought he had a chance．“So then we did several thinking sessions,”his father says，“using my techniques and，when he went up for the exam，he did extremely well．”Soon after，Edward de Bone decided to write his latest book，“Teach Your Child How to Think”，in which he transforms the thinking skills he developed for brain-storming businessmen into informal exercises for parents and children to share．
Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence，and everybody knows that children aren’t very logical．So isn’t it an uphill battle，trying to teach them to think？“You know，”Edward de Bono says，“if you examine people’s thinking，it is quite unusual to find faults of logic．But the faults of perception are huge！Often we think ineffectively because we take too limited a view．”
“Teach Your Child How to Think”offers lessons in perception improvement，of clearly seeing the implications of something you are saying and of exploring the alternatives．
60．What is TRUE about Caspar？
A．He is Edward’s son． B．He is an adventurous thinker．
C．He first described lateral thinking． D．He is often scolded by his teacher．
61．It can be inferred from paragraph 2 that Edward .
A．was likely to improve children’s logic with his book
B．gave a description of lateral thinking several years after his son was born
C．was prompted to study lateral thinking because his son was slightly dyslexic
D．once taught businessmen how to think before he wrote for parents and chikdren
62．According to Paragraph 3，which of the following statements expresses Edward de Bone’s view？
A．Everybody knows that children aren’t very logical．
B．It is an uphill battle trying to teach children to think．
C．We often think ineffectively because we take too limited a view．
D．Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence．
63．Lateral thinking refers to the following EXCEPT ．
A．improving one’s logic in thinking
B．improving one’s perception in thinking
C．seeing the implications of what you are saying
D．exploring the alternatives for what you are saying
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:A
解析
核心考点
试题【Lateral thinking（迂回思维），first described by Edward de Bono in 1967，is just a few y】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The ocean bottom, a region nearly 2．5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth, is even today largely unexplored．Until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible and hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep．Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface, the deep-ocean bottom is a strangeenvironment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the outer space．
Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks for over a century, the first detailed global study of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1969, with the beginning of the National Science Foundation’s Deep Sea Drilling Project(DSDP)．Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDP’ s drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean’s surface and drill in very deep waters, taking samples of rock from the ocean floor．
The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year research program that ended in November 1983．During this time, it sailed 600,000 kilometers and took almost 20,000 samples of rocks aroun d the world．Those samples have allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundreds of millions of years ago and to make out what it will probably look like millions of years in the fu ture, Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger’ s voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics （构造学）and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes．
The samples of rocks drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also provided a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years．The information of past climatic change can be used to predict future climates．
68．What does the underlined word “inaccessible” in line 3 means?
A．unrecognizable B．unreachable C．unusable D．unreasonable
69．Why does the author mention “outer space” in the first paragraph?
A．The Earth’s climate millions of years ago was similar to that in outer space．
B．It is similar to the ocean floor in being strange to the humans．
C．Rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floor
D．Techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those used in ocean exploration
70．Which of the following is true of the Glomar Challenger?
A．It is a type of submarine． B．It is an ongoing project．
C．It has gone on over 100 voyages． D．It made its first DSDP voyage in 1968．
71．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as being a result of the Deep sea Drilling Project?
A．Geologists were able to determine the Earth’s appearance millions of years ago．
B．Two geological theories became more widely accepted by scientists．
C．Geologists observed forms of life never before seen
D．Information was revealed about the Earth’s past climatic changes．
An annularity(日环食) is expected to cross China Friday afternoon, a researcher with the Purple Mountain Observatory under the Chinese Academy of Sciences said Wednesday.
The phenomenon, predicted to be the longest annularity of the next 1,000 years, can be seen in some areas of Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Shaanxi, Hunan, Hubei, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu and Shandong provinces as well as Chongqing.
A partial eclipse(日偏食) would be seen in most of the rest of China, except for the northeast tip of Heilongjiang Province, said Cheng.
According to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of the United States, the annularity will begin in Africa and pass through the Indian Ocean, where the maximum duration(持续的时间) of annularity will reach 11 minutes and 8 seconds.
It will continue into Asia through Bangladesh, India, Myanmar and China. Cheng said the annularity will end at Jiaodong peninsula in Shandong Province, China.
The longest duration of the annularity on China’s territory would be 8 minutes and 17 seconds in Ruili, Yunan Province. A sunset with the annularity would be seen in some areas of Shandong, Guangdong and Taiwan, said Cheng.
An annularity occurs when the moon does not cover the entire disc of the sun so that a ring of light encircles the shadow of the moon.
Another expert said that though an annularity was not considered as wonderful as a total solar eclipse and was of little value in scientific research. It was interesting for the general public to watch the phenomenon, though.
60.The annularity mentioned in the passage is unusual because .
A. it is expected to cross all over China
B. it begins in Africa and passes through Asia
C. it is of great importance in scientific research
D. it lasts the longest in the next one thousand years
61.From the passage we may conclude that people in Fujian can only enjoy the scene of .
A. an annularity B. a partial solar eclipse
C. a total solar eclipse D. a sunset with the annularity
62.People can enjoy the longest duration of the annularity on Friday.
A. in Africa B. in India C. in China D. on the Indian Ocean
63.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. The annularity will end in Shandong Province.
B. The annularity can be seen by people all over China.
C. The phenomenon is an exciting one to the astronomers only.
D. A partial eclipse occurs when a ring of light encircles the shadow of the moon.
About 180 meters below the ice where no light can get through, scientists had thought nothing much more than a few microbes (微生物) could exist.
That’s why a NASA team was surprised when they lowered a video camera to get the first long look at the underbelly of an ice sheet in Antarctica. A curious shrimp – like creature came swimming by and then parked itself on the camera’s cable. Scientists also pulled up a tentacle (触须) they believe came from a jellyfish.
“We were operating on the presumption that nothing’s there.” Said NASA ice scientist Robert Bindschadler. “It was a shrimp you’d enjoy having on your plate.”
“We were just gaga (狂热的) over it,” he said of the 7.5cm long, orange creature starring in their two – minute video. Technically, it’s not a shrimp. It’s a Lyssianasid amphipod, which is distantly related to the shrimp.
The video is likely to inspire experts to rethink what they know about life in harsh environments. And it has scientists thinking that if shrimp – like creatures can live below 180 meters of Antarctic ice in freezing dark water, what about other cold places? What about Europa, a frozen moon of Jupiter?
Cynan Ellis – Evans, a scientist of the British Antarctic Survey called the finding fascinating. He said it was possible the creatures swam in from far away and don’t live there permanently.
But Kim, who is a co-author of the study, doubts it. “The site in West Antarctica is at least 19 km from open seas. Bindschadler drilled a 20 cm – wide hole and was looking at a tiny amount of water. That means it’s unlikely that two creatures swam from great distances and were captured randomly in that small of an area,” she said.
Yet scientist were puzzled at what the food source would be for these creatures. While some microbes can make their own food out of chemicals in the ocean, complex life like the shrimp can’t, Kim said.
“So how do they survive? That’s the key question.” Kim Sai.
“It’s pretty amazing when you find a huge puzzle like that on a planet where we thought we know everything.” Kim said.
小题1: What does the underlined word “harsh” probably mean?
| A．cold | B．loud | C．cruel | D．ugly |
| A．swam great distances to Antarctic | B．has always lived in the region |
| C．gradually evolved from shrimps | D．has nothing in common with shrimps |
| A．it marks NASA’S first Antarctic biological study |
| B．it proves there is marine life in the Antarctic |
| C．it could inspire further study of life in harsh environments |
| D．it shows that Lyssianasid amphipod is closely related to shrimps |
| A．Complex life usually lives on other forms of life. |
| B．Scientists saw two creatures in the two – minute video. |
| C．It is possible for creatures to live 180 meters below the ice though there is no light. |
| D．Scientists captured the shrimp – like creature in a camera by drilling a hole through the ice. |
小题1:Which of the following statements is true?
| A．Humans didn’t explore the oceans until the 19th century. |
| B．Maury first established the field of oceanography. |
| C．Maury spent a lot of time in studying seawater,sea life,and the bottom of the ocean. |
| D．Many individuals also plays a very important part in advancing our understanding of oceans,such as Maury. |
| A．Four. | B．Three. | C．Five. | D．Two. |
| A．The process of the oceanography has stopped at one time. |
| B．Maury’s work on oceanography contributes a lot to weather reporting at sea. |
| C．Nowadays the equipment for studying the oceans needs improving,because it is out of date. |
| D．The expeditions in the past had great difficulty and made a lot of efforts in order to study the oceans. |
Climate change connected with the reduction of wetlands at the source of the country"s two longest rivers， the Yangtze and the Yellow， has reduced the volume of water flowing into them， scientists said.
Scientists studied changes over past 40 years to the wetlands on the cold QinghaiTibet Plateau in west China where the two rivers have their sources.
They found the wetlands on the plateau have shrunk (减少) more than 10 percent over the past four years. The wetlands at the source of the Yangtze have suffered the most， decreasing by 29 percent.
About 17.5 percent of the small lakes at the source of the Yangtze have dried up， the scientists said.
“The wetland plays a key role in holding water and changing the water volume of the rivers，” Wang Xugen， a researcher， said.
“The reduction of the wetland on the plateau is closely connected with global warming，” Wang said， adding that even though rainfall has increased in the area， the reduction of the wetland has reduced the flow of the Yangtze and the Yellow.
Records by the weather station at the head of the Yangtze showed yearly rainfall at its source increased from 260 mm during 1991—2000 to 323 mm in the period 2001—2006.
“But the increased rainfall didn"t lead to more water"s flowing into the rivers because the evaporation (蒸发) was so fast as a result of global warming，” Li Shijie， a researcher， said.
Another study showed global warming had caused glaciers to get smaller， frozen earth to melt， grasslands to turn yellow and rivers to dry up.
The QinghaiTibet Plateau used to have 36 000 glaciers covering an area of 50 000 sq km. In the past 100 years， their area has been reduced by 30 percent.
60.According to the passage， the true statement of the following is that .
A.the wetlands at the source of the Yellow have decreased by 29 percent
B.there"s no more water in about 17.5 percent of the small lakes at the source of the Yangtze
C.the reduction of the wetland on the plateau has nothing to do with global warming
D.yearly rainfall has increased from 260 mm to 323 mm in the past 15 years
61.Which of the following is NOT the result of global warming？
A.Frozen earth melts. B.Evaporation becomes faster.
C.Sea level rises. D.Plants grow better in greenhouses.
62.The area that the glaciers of the QinghaiTibet Plateau cover is now about sq km.
A.35 000 B.12 000 C.15 000 D.17 000
63.In the passage， plays a most important part in holding water and changing the volume of the rivers.
A.yearly rainfall B.the evaporation C.the wetland D.climate change
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