The Josephson Institute, a Los Angeles-based ethics institute, surveyed 29,760 s - 高中英语试题 - 超级试练试题库

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The Josephson Institute, a Los Angeles-based ethics institute, surveyed 29,760 students at 100 high schools nationwide, both public and private. The survey found that 35% of boys and 26% of girls admitted stealing from a store within the past year and 64% have cheated on a test, which suggests that today" s young people are less honest than previous generations.
However, Josephson addressed that today"s youth are no less honest than their predecessors. "The question is not whether things are worse, but whether they are bad enough to attract concern. This is not a time to complain but to take thoughtful, positive actions. "
Roberta Gerold, superintendent of the Middle Country School District and a leader of the campaign, said parents and school officials need to be more diligent – for example, emphasizing to students the distinctions between original and borrowed work. "Adults are not taking this very seriously," he said. "The schools are not doing even the most moderate thing."
Nijmie Dzurinko, executive director of the Philadelphia Student Union, said the findings were not at all reflective of the inner-city students she works with as an advocate for better curriculum and school funding. "A lot of people like to blame society"s problems on young people, without recognizing that young people aren"t making the decisions about what"s happening in society. "
Riddile, who for four decades was a high school teacher, agreed that more pressure could lead to more cheating, yet he said, "I would take these students over other generations. I found them to be more responsive, more rewarding to work with. We have to create situations where it"s easy for kids to do the right things. We need to create classrooms where learning takes on more importance than having the right answer. "
60. According to the first paragraph, we know that __________.
A. the Josephson Institute is a Los Angeles-based public school
B. students in ethics institute are honest
C. cheating on tests is very common in America
D. more public school students admitted stealing
61. What does the underlined phrase "borrowed work" refer to?
A. Ideas taken from other person"s works.      B. Words borrowed from another language.
C. Homework assigned by the teachers.              D. Work done by your classmates.
62. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Riddile takes the young students over other generations.
B. Roberta Gerold found them to be more responsive.
C. Nijmie Dzurinko said the findings were reflective of the inner-city students.
D. Josephson addressed that today"s youth are less honest than their predecessors.
63. According to the passage, we can infer that it"s _________ that should be to blame for the problem.
A. the students          B. previous generations         C. public schools        D. parents and schools

答案

小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:A
小题4:D

解析

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试题【The Josephson Institute, a Los Angeles-based ethics institute, surveyed 29,760 s】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]

举一反三

Ten Chinese PhD students are demanding that Beijing Normal University Professor Yu Dan be away from her television show on CCTV 10. They argue that her on-air explanations of Confucius"s Analects (《论语》) are "incorrect and misleading".
Yu is known for explaining Confucius"s Analects to a TV audience, But some complain that her explanations are unfaithful to Chinese tradition.
But Yu doesn"t seem to worry too much about her critics, saying, "It"s a matter of personal choice. Some like KFC, while others like McDonalds."
STEALING some online gamer"s password might seem less harmful than credit card theft. It does keep the victim from wearing himself out all night playing. But it is not all that nice, says 19-year-old Zhang Qiwen, in Shanghai.
Last August, Zhang accidentally downloaded a Trojan while playing Warcraft. The Trojan is a type of virus used by hackers to steal people"s passwords. Overnight the Trojan transferred all the "gold" (game credits) from Zhang"s private account to an unknown account. Zhaug hopes the police will find and punish the thief, who can also pocket some cash since the stolen "gold" can go on sale online.
New England"s largest indoor public garden has opened here in a historic park, and officials expect it to become a center for learning about plants as well as a top attraction for visitors.
The glass-walled Roger Williams Park Botanical Center, which opened March 2. offers a tropical garden, an orchid garden, and a Mediterranean room with a collection of citrus trees, The center also has two classrooms and will offer gardening classes provided by the University of Rhode Island.
Roger Williams Park, named for the city"s 17th-century founder, also has a zoo. The park already attracts more than 2 million visitors a year, and Providence Mayor David Cicilline said that he expects the new center will attract more and more visitors to Providence.
64. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Confucius"s Analects is like KFC or McDonalds in China now.
B. 19-year-old Zhang was angry because a hacker stole his "gold"
C. The Trojan is a new online game.
D. The garden is run by a university.
65. We can learn from the passages that _________
A. there are four gardens in Roger Williams Park Botanical Center.
B. No one likes Yu Dan"s explanation of Confucius" Analects.
C. Yu Dan won"t show up on CCTV any more for explanations of Confucius"s Analects
D. now some people make money by stealing online gamers" game credits and selling them
66. Where is Roger Williams Park?
A. It"s in England. B. It"s in Providence. C. It"s in a botanical center. D. It"s in a famous zoo.
67. You are very likely to read the passages in _________.
A. a biology textbook B. a fashion magazine C. a newspaper D. a book review

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第三部分：阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Snakes bite an estimated 5.5 million people worldwide each year. Experts say tens of thousands of people die from venom poisoning. An untreated or incorrectly treated bite might require the removal of a bitten foot, for example, or an arm. Each year around 400,000 amputations are the result of snakebites.
Last year, for the first time, the World Health Organization added snakebites to its list of "neglected tropical diseases". This recognition aims to bring greater attention to the problem. Scientists know of about 3,000 kinds of snakes. About 600 of them are venomous. These are most often found in rural areas in tropical climates. Asia and Africa have the highest number of snakebites -- together about 4 million a year. Latin America and islands in the South Pacific follow.
The highest number of victims are agricultural workers. Snakebites are also common among fishermen, hunters and children. Many victims live in areas with poor or non-existent health care systems and where anti-venom treatments are often not available.
Anti-venom is the only cure. But experts say anti-venom technologies and their use need to be improved. Problems include a shortage of manufacturers and the high cost of treatment. Also, there is a widespread lack of knowledge among local health workers about how to use anti-venoms. The treatments can cause dangerous and even deadly reactions if not used carefully.
Anti-venom contains proteins (蛋白质) from animals such as horses or sheep. The animals are injected repeatedly with one or more different snake venoms to produce immunity (免疫力). The Lancet Medical Journal recently published a series of reports on snakebite prevention and treatment, David Warrell at the University of Oxford in England co-wrote one of them. He praised efforts by the WHO to establish common practices for the production, regulation and control of anti-venom. But he says more must be done.
The authors say community education programs could help prevent snakebites by teaching people how to avoid them. They also suggest actions like providing protective boots to wear while working in fields, and not sleeping on the ground. Also important is providing information about where dangerous snakes are most likely to live and when they are most active.
56. What"s the meaning of the underlined word "amputations" in Paragraph 1?
A. removals of one"s arms or legs                       B. deaths caused by infection
C. injuries of snakebites                                D. fames of a celebrity
57. Why did WHO add snakebites to its list of "neglected tropical diseases"?
A. To warn people of the danger of snakes.
B. To encourage people to protect wild animals.
C. To ask people to pay more attention to this kind of disease.
D. To study the problem of tropical weather conditions.
58. Which of the following is True according to the passage?
A. The victims wouldn’t be injured if they had better health-care systems.
B. Anti-venom technologies and their uses are medically safe and perfect.
C. Patients need to pay a little if they get treated with the anti-venoms.
D. The local health workers need further training on how to use anti-venoms.
59. The animals are injected with different snake venoms because _______.
A. they have been bitten by venomous snakes      B. venoms can help to cure their diseases
C. this can help produce the immunity                D. medical experiments are being carried out

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For Sparky, school was all but impossible. He failed every subject in the eighth grade. He flunked physics in high school, getting a grade of zero. Sparky also flunked Latin, algebra and English. He didn"t do much better in sports. Although he did manage to make the school"s golf team, he promptly lost the only important match of the season. There was a consolation（安慰） match; he lost that, too.
Throughout his youth Sparky was awkward socially. He was not actually disliked by the other students; no one cared that much. He was astonished if a classmate ever said hello to him outside of school hours. There"s no way to tell how he might have done at dating. Sparky never once asked a girl to go out in high school. He was too afraid of being turned down.
Sparky was a loser. He, his classmates...everyone knew it. So he rolled with it. Sparky had made up his mind early in life that if things were meant to work out, they would. Otherwise he would content himself with what appeared to be his inevitable mediocrity（平凡）.
However, one thing was important to Sparky - drawing. He was proud of his artwork. Of course, no one else appreciated it. In his senior year of high school, he submitted some cartoons to the editors of the Yearbook. Although the cartoons were turned down., Sparky was so convinced of his ability that he decided to become an artist.
After completing high school, he wrote a letter to Walt Disney Studios. He was told to send some samples of his artwork, and the subject for a cartoon was suggested. Sparky spent a great deal of time o it. Finally, the reply came from Disney Studios. He had been rejected once again. Anther loss for the loser.
So Sparky decided to write his own autobiography（自传） in cartoons. He described his childhood - a little boy loser and chronic underachiever. The cartoon character would soon become famous worldwide. For Sparky, the boy who had such a lack of success in school and whose work was rejected again and again, was Charles Schultz. He created the Peanuts comic strip（连环漫画） and the little cartoon character whose kite would never fly and who never succeeded in kicking a football--Charlie Brown.
68．From the first paragraph we can see that Sparky was       in high school.
A．a failure B．an artist    C．a good player   D．a top student
69．Sparky never asked a classmate to go out with him because he was afraid of     .
A．making mistakes      B．making friends
C．being refused          D．being invited
70．In his senior year, Sparky felt confident that he had ability to         .
A．play golf B．draw cartoons   C．learn English    D．write novels
71．His only success mentioned in this passage is       .
A．his golf match in high school B．his artwork sent to the Yearbook
C．his subjects in the senior year D．his autobiography in cartoons
72．From the passage we can infer that Sparky is a         person.
A．weak B．proud       C．disabled    D．determined

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“Clothes make the man” goes the old saying. Many people believe clothing choices say a lot about character as well as social status.
People adopt some kind of style in daily life, usually because they are trying to fit in with certain surroundings or show their connection to a particular group, says German image consultant Beatrix Isabel Lied. This means that people use clothing to send signals to those around them: The wearer of a black polo-neck sweater (套头圆领毛衣) might be an artist, an educated man or an architect. Outdoor and nature-loving types tend to choose weatherproof （防风雨的）jackets and durable shoes instead. Women usually spend more time on clothes than men.
“Clothing is not only an expression of taste, but also an expression of attitude,” says Lied.
According to style advisor Lisa Zimmermann from Berlin, there is nothing superficial (肤浅的) about judging people by the clothes they wear. “It"s about the famous first 10 seconds, which is all it takes to make an impression,” she says.
Apart from material, Zimmermann believes people, whether consciously or unconsciously, choose a color, which they believe suits them and the situation.
Different colors can produce different effects. Black signals a sense of being something special, and it also stands for concentration. Blue, the color of the sky, stands for pragmatism (实用主义) and intellect (知识分子). “It is the color of power,” says Zimmermann. Red clothing gets the wearer noticed and can indicate an outgoing character. Yellow stands for cheerfulness and optimism, while pink is naturally the most romantic of colors.
Experts say it is important to be aware of the meanings of particular colors, which can vary a lot between different cultures.
What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean?
Clothes can decide what a man’s job is.
Clothes can tell us whether a person is really a man.
Clothes can tell us about a man’s character and social position.
Clothes can help us choose our life style.
According to Lied, an artist might wear ____________.
A. a black polo-neck sweater               B. weatherproof jackets
C. nature-loving types                         D. a red sweater
Lisa Zimmermann believes____________.
A. there is something wrong with judging people by what they wear
B. there is nothing wrong with judging people by what they wear
C. people usually choose what they believe suits them and the situation consciously
D. people usually choose what they believe suits them and the situation unconsciously
What color stands for concentration?
A. Black.               B. Blue.         C. Red           D. Pink
Which sentence is true according to the passage?
In different cultures, colors mean the same.
In different cultures, colors mean different things.
In different cultures, different colors can produce the same effect.
In different cultures, different colors can produce different effects.

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The Vienna-based researchers showed that dogs will stop doing a simple task when not rewarded if another dog, which continues to be rewarded, is present．
The experiment consisted of taking pairs of dogs and getting them to present a paw for a reward．On giving this “handshake” the dogs received a piece of food．One of the dogs was then asked to shake hands, but received no food．The other dog continued to get the food when it was asked to perform the task．
The dog without the reward quickly stopped doing the task, and showed signs of anger or stress when its partner was rewarded．
To make sure that the experiment was really showing the interaction between the dogs rather than just the frustration of not being rewarded, a similar experiment was conducted where the dogs performed the task without the partner．Here they continued to present the paw for much longer．
Dr Frederike Range from the University of Vienna says this shows that it was the presence of the rewarded partner that was the greater influence on their behaviour．
“The only difference is one gets food and the other doesn’t, they are responding to being unequally rewarded．” she said．
The researchers say this kind of behaviour, where one animal gets frustrated with what is happening with another, has only been observed in primates(灵长类) before．
Studies with various types of monkeys and chimpanzees show they react not only to seeing their partners receiving rewards when they are not, but also to the type of reward．
The dog study also looked at whether the type of reward made a difference．Dogs were given either bread or sausage, but seemed to react equally to either．Dr Range says this may be because they have been trained．
57．The dogs refused to give the paw when they_______．
A．found another dog was given nothing
B．felt they were not treated equally
C．were aware they received less food
D．were given too much reward
58．What would the dogs do if they presented their paw alone?
A．They would go on with the performance much longer．
B．They would be too shy to present their paw．
C．They would miss their partners．
D．They would compare what they got with that of others．
59．According to the passage, compared with dogs, monkeys and chimpanzees ______．
A．pay no attention to the type of reward
B．only like to play interesting games
C．pay attention to the type of reward as well as whether they are rewarded
D．care more about how they are rewarded
60．Which of the following can best summerise the passage?
A．Animals’ various ways to show anger
B．Dogs are more envious than man
C．Most animals want to be be rewarded for their work
D．Animals also have a sense of fairplay

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