One is never too old to learn. Life learning (sometimes called un-schooling or self-directed learning) is one of those concepts that are almost easier to explain by saying what it isn’t than what it is. And that’s probably because our own schooled backgrounds have convinced us that learning happens only in a fine building on certain days, between certain hours, and managed by a specially trained professional.
Within that schooling framestudy, no matter how hard teachers try and no matter how good their textbooks, many bright students get bored, many slower students struggle and give up or lose their self-respect, and most of them reach the end of the process unprepared to enter into society. They have memorized a certain body of knowledge long enough to rush back the information on tests, but they haven’t really learnt much, at least of the official curriculum.
Life learners, on the other hand, know that learning is not difficult, that people learn things quite easily if they’re not compelled and forced, if they see a need to learn something, and if they are trusted and respected enough to learn it on their own timetable, at their own speed, in their own way—no matter what age and no matter whether we’re at school or at home.
Life learning is independent of time, location or the presence of teacher. It does not require mom or dad to teach, or kids to work in workbooks at the table from 9 to noon. Life learning is learner-driven. It involves living and learning—in and from the real world. It is about exploring, questioning, experimenting, making messes, taking risks without fear of making mistakes, being laughed at and trying again.
Furthermore, life learning is about trusting kids to learn what they need to know and about helping them to learn and grow in their own ways. It is about providing positive experiences that enable children to understand the world and their culture and to interact with it.
小题1:It is implied in the text that it is hard to ______.| A．tell the nature of life learning | B．carry life learning through | | C．learn without going to school | D．find a specially trained teacher |
小题2:According to the author, the schooling framestudy often ______.| A．produces slow students with poor memories | | B．ignores some parts of the official curriculum | | C．fails to provide enough knowledge about life | | D．gives little care to the quality of teaching materials |
小题3:Life learners recognize that learning will not be difficult if they are ______.| A．able to respect other people | B．careful to make a time table | | C．clear about why to learn | D．cautious about any mistakes |
小题4:According to the author, life learning ______.| A．could prevent one from running risks | | B．teaches a kid how to avoid being laughed at | | C．makes a kid independent of his parents | | D．could be a road full of trials and errors |
小题5:Through life learning, children ______.| A．will grow without the assistance from parents | | B．will be seperated from the negative side of society | | C．will be driven to learn necessary life knowledge | | D．will learn to communicate with the real society |
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小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:D
小题5:D |
试题分析：文章大意：本文从四个方面：一是从学校教学的弊端分析，二是从自主学习者本身分析，三是分析自主学习的动力，四是学生自己去感知这个世界，对自主学习进行了分析。
小题1:A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Life learning (sometimes called un-schooling or self-directed learning) is one of those concepts that are almost easier to explain by saying what it isn’t than what it is 可以判断出：很难对终生学校作出解释。
小题2: B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句they have memorized a certain body of knowledge long enough to rush back the information on tests, but they haven’t really learnt much, at least of the official curriculum. 得出B正确
小题3:C细节理解题。根据第三段得知如果他们不是被强迫学习，把学习看作是一种需要即自主学习也就是清楚为什么学习，学习就不难了所以C正确。
小题4:D细节理解题。根据最后一段 It is about exploring, questioning, experimenting, making messes, taking risks without fear of making mistakes, being laughed at and trying again得出作者对终生学习的认识和理解所以D正确。
小题5:D 细节理解题。根据最后一段It is about providing positive experiences that enable children to understand the world and their culture and to interact with it. 得出D正确。 |
核心考点
试题【One is never too old to learn. Life learning (sometimes called un-schooling or s】；主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
Exceptional children are different in some ways from others of the same age. For these children to 31 their full adult potential, their 32 must suit those differences.
Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we 33 ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage 34 our attention, we also see the importance of the 35 players and the scenery of the 36 itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the 37 to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full 38 of society’s understanding—the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are 39 to the next generation.
Education in any society is a 40 of the society. We can see in it the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the 41 values of the culture itself. The great 42 in exceptional children shown in public education over the past thirty years 43 the strong feeling in our society that all 44 , whatever their special conditions, have a right to get the chance to fully develop their abilities.
“All man are created equal.” We’ve 45 it many times, but it still has an important meaning for education in a democratic society. 46 the phrase was used by this country’s founders to express equality before the 47 , it has also been explained to mean equality of education. That 48 educational chance for all children—the right of each child to 49 help in learning to the limit of his or her ability, whether that ability is small or great. Recent 50 decisions have made certain of the right of children—disabled or not—to a suitable education, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education.
| 小题1: | | A．see | B．develop | C．come | D．expand |
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| 小题2: | | A．education | B．potential | C．school | D．family |
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| 小题3: | | A．feel | B．find | C．leave | D．prevent |
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| 小题4: | | A．pays | B．loses | C．draws | D．sees |
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| 小题5: | | A．male | B．female | C．supporting | D．performing |
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| 小题6: | | A．play | B．director | C．theater | D．actor |
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| 小题7: | | A．place | B．fact | C．condition | D．key |
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| 小题8: | | A．system | B．equipment | C．expression | D．support |
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| 小题9: | | A．shown | B．passed | C．taken | D．changed |
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| 小题10: | | A．tool | B．way | C．science | D．mirror |
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| 小题11: | | A．central | B．extra | C．special | D．ordinary |
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| 小题12: | | A．interest | B．joy | C．surprise | D．disappointment |
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| 小题13: | | A．damages | B．exists | C．shows | D．lacks |
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| 小题14: | | A．kids | B．adults | C．teachers | D．citizens |
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| 小题15: | | A．spoken | B．heard | C．known | D．discussed |
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| 小题16: | | A．When | B．Although | C．If | D．Because |
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| 小题17: | | A．society | B．leader | C．law | D．money |
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| 小题18: | | A．means | B．needs | C．damages | D．changes |
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| 小题19: | | A．refuse | B．offer | C．give | D．receive |
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| 小题20: | | A．school | B．court | C．society | D．office |
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Monitoring global warming usually requires a Ph. D. and enough maths to glaze your eyes. But that Francisco Lopez and Ruby Nostrant track（记录）what climate change is doing to five different plants in Tucson, Arizona and they are only in the second grade.
“We are collecting data because the weather is changing and the plants are blooming,” Ruby explained.
Scores of other students at Borton Primary Magnet School and Sunnyside High School in Tucson are heading outdoors to be part of a new scientific push to figure out how the biological timing of the earth is changing. It’s a research project that the average person, even a kindergartner, can join in.
The National Phenology（生物气候学）Network is calling on volunteers to help track early spring blooms and eventually changes in animals caused by global warming. It’s called Project Budburst. When it was first open to the public last year, thousands of people participated in 26 states.
“All people can contribute to it by tracking the timing of flowering events or leaf-out events for plants and animals in their backyard,” said Phenology Network director Jake Weltzin. He calls the volunteers “citizen-scientists.”
The idea is that tracking flowers blooming—especially lilacs（丁香）; which everyday people have helped track for decades—is fairly simple. The Website http://www.Windows.ucar.edu/ citizen_science/budburst/index.html gives directions on what to look for in different parts of the country.
University of Maryland professor David Inouye said it’s so easy to figure out what’s blooming that a lack of special knowledge isn’t a problem.
University of Arizona ecology graduate student Lisa Benton coordinated（协调）the Tucson high school students as they looked at plants five minutes from their high school. Each student has specific guidelines and she’s been happy so far with the data she is getting. For his part, second-grader Francisco said he had fun helping out.
“I like going out in the desert,” he said. “I want to be an Einstein.”
小题1:Francisco Lopez and Ruby Nostrant are monitoring global warming by __________.| A．watching early spring blooms and changes in animals | | B．studying the biological timing of earth | | C．collecting data of the local weather | | D．tracking the early spring blooms of some local plants |
小题2:Those who participate in Project Budburst are mostly ___________.| A．ecology college graduates | B．high school students | | C．common people | D．experts |
小题3:What David Inouye says suggests that ____________.| A．the study carried out by students is convincing | | B．the students still need special training to study climate change | | C．it is difficult to study climate change | | D．to figure out what’s blooming needs special knowledge |
小题4:Who is primary school student joining in the Project Budburst?| A．Lisa Benton. | B．David Inouye | | C．Francisco Lopez. | D．Jake Weltzin. |
小题5:We can conclude from the passage that _______.| A．changes in animals caused by global warming happen earlier than those in plants | | B．the biological timing of earth is changing because of climate change | | C．the effect of climate change in Tucson, Arizona can be hardly noticed | | D．all the plants in Tucson, Arizona are blooming earlier because of climate change |
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When you travel in South America, you’d better pay attention to the following three kinds of dangerous South American animals.
Piranhas（水虎鱼）
Although only a small number of piranhas are considered to be dangerous to humans, the red-bellied piranha is definitely one of those. Evidence has shown that a large group of piranhas can absolutely eat a herd of large animals crossing the river, leaving only bones. This fish lives in the freshwater streams of South America, and they can smell the blood from far away and launch attacks swiftly. It is said that they are only dangerous to humans if the water volumes are less and lower.
Anacondas（水蟒）
This South American monster of a creature often appears in the films or your nightmares！They have weighed over 230 kilograms. It is often considered to be the biggest snake in the world. You certainly don’t want to get caught alone with this snake due to its method of attacking and killing its victim. It is indeed a remarkably different brand of snake type as it regularly coils（缠绕）around all over its target, increasing the pressure until eventually its victim dies. Its jaws are powered by large muscles that produce enough power for its over 100 sharp teeth to pass through the thick skin of an crocodile. They don’t have poison. Sometimes they prefer to camouflage themselves so they look like their surroundings and swiftly draw back when humans are near.
Golden Poisonous Frogs
The golden poison frog might be the most-deadly of the South American animal, which is protected by means of poison. This very small frog, less than 55 mm in length, packs enough punch（效力）to take down a pair of African bull elephants. This apparently harmless frog has always been known to have killed people who have touched it directly. It’s also been noted that chicken and dogs have died by contacting things on which a golden poison frog had wandered! In intense colors, they normally look attractive to their targets.
小题1:What can we learn about piranhas from the passage?| A．Piranhas are the most dangerous animals. | | B．Piranhas like to live in the deep seabed. | | C．Piranhas may attack human beings when the water level is low. | | D．Piranhas only attack human beings when they cross the river in groups. |
小题2:How does an anaconda kill its victim according to the passage?| A．It often uses its poison to kill its victim. | | B．It often uses its strength to kill its victim. | | C．It kills its victim mainly using its powerful teeth. | | D．It kills its victim with the help of other snakes. |
小题3:The underlined word “camouflage” in Paragraph 3 means “________”.| A．hide itself by appearing like the surroundings | | B．terrify and capture the enemy by making much noise | | C．move around to search for delicious food | | D．give off harmful gas to kill the targets |
小题4:Chicken and dogs are mentioned in Paragraph 4 to show that ________.| A．no animals can survive the poison of the golden poison frog | | B．they like to wander along the path of the golden poison frog | | C．the golden poison frog likes eating them most | | D．the poison of the golden poison frog is deadly |
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The Biggest and the Smallest Frogs
Some frogs can be very big. The biggest kind of frog is the Goliath Frog in West Africa. Its body can be nearly 30cm long, about the size of a large cat. The Gold Frog and the Poison Frog are the smallest frogs in the world. They are less than 1cm long. Though the Poison Frog is very small, it is not weak at all. It is dangerous. Any animal that eats it will die very soon.
The Best Jumpers
Frogs are very good at jumping. They developed jumping legs so that they would not be eaten by other large animals. Using their big strong legs, more frogs can jump over 20 times their own length. It is like a person jumping over about 30,48. The Australian Rocket Frog can even jump over 2m, which is 50 times its body length(5.5cm). That might be the reason why frogs are called the best jumpers on the earth.
The Cryogenic Animal
Some frogs like the Common Wood Frog have a special ability to live in very cold places. When the temperature goes down, they become ice frogs. 2/3of their body water freezes. Their hearts stop, and their breathing stops too. You may think they are dead, but in fact they are not. Maybe we humans can learn the way that the frogs do for medical purpose.
小题1:The earliest frogs lived about ________ million years ago.小题2:The Gold Frog is one of the ________ frogs on the earth.| A．smallest | B．biggest | C．strongest | D．weakest |
小题3:________ can jump over 2m.| A．The Goliath Frog | B．The Common Wood Frog | | C．The Poison Frog | D．The Australian Rocket Frog |
小题4:What will happen to a Common Wood Frog at very low temperature?
A.It will die very soon. B. It will be an ice frog.
B.It will become dangerous. D. It will become very small |
Riding a London subway, a person from other countries will notice one major difference: in London, people do not look at each other．In fact, eye contact is avoided at all times. That’s not rudeness ― people are just too busy to bother looking．
Busy doing what, you ask? Well, they’re certainly not using the time for a moment of quiet thinking．Nor are they reading a book．New technology has replaced quiet habits．Today the only acceptable form of book on the London underground is an e-book．
Apple must earn a fortune from London commuters（使用月票上下班者）. Since the launch of the iPhone in 2007, over 40, 000 ― yes, 40, 000 “apps” have been designed．
Commuters love them because they are the perfect time - fillers. One “app”, called iShoot, is a game that features tanks．Another one, Tube Exits, tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destination. iSteam clouds the iPhone screen when you breathe into the microphone. You can then write in the “steam” on your phone screen．
For those without an iPhone, another Apple product, the iPod, may be the distraction (消遣) of choice. It’s not just teenagers who “plug in” to their music － iPods are a popular way to pass the time for all ages．
And if games, e-books and music aren’t enough to keep you occupied, then perhaps you would prefer a film? The development of palm DVD technology means many commuters watch their favorite TV shows or films on the way to work．With all these distractions, it’s amazing that people still remember to get off the train．
小题1:Those who want to save time to reach where they go can download ________ to their iPhones| A．iShoot | B．Tube Exits | C．iSteam | D．iPod |
小题2:People in London do not make eye contact on the subway because ________．| A．they are going to work and have no time to communicate with each other | | B．they love reading books and do not want to be disturbed | | C．they feel sleepy because of getting up early | | D．they’re busy playing games, reading e-books, listening to music or watching films |
小题3:The underlined word “apps” in the third paragraph means ________．| A．computers | | B．programs downloaded for the iPhone | | C．computer companies | | D．fortune from London commuters |
小题4:The main idea of the passage is that ________．| A．London commuters are unfriendly to strangers | | B．Apple has earned a lot of money from selling 40, 000 apps | | C．technology is changing how London commuters spend their traveling time | | D．riding a London subway is a must when visiting London |
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