题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
I am surprised at the number of famous writers I know who say that they so dislike reading their own writing later that they even hate to look over the publishers’ opinions. One reason we may dislike reading our own work is that we’re often disappointed that the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down. Jerry Fodor and Steven Pinker suggest that this fact may be a result of how our minds work. .
Different from popular belief ,we do not usually think in the works and sentences of ordinary language but in symbols for ideas （known as “mentalese”）, and writing our ideas down is an act of translation from that symbolic language . But while mentalese contains our thoughts in the form of a complex tapestry （织锦），writing can only be composed one thread at a time . Therefore it should not be surprising that our first attempt at expressing ideas should look so simple. It is only by repeatedly rewriting that we produces new threads and connect them to get closer to the ideas formed in our minds.
When people write as if some strict critics （批评家） are looking over their shoulder , they are so worried about what this critic might say that they get stuck before they even start. Peter Elbow makes an excellent suggestion to deal with this problem. When writing we should have two different minds. At the first stage, we should see every idea, as well as the words we use to express it ,as wonderful and worth putting down . It is only during rewrites that we should examine what we excitedly wrote in the first stage and check for weaknesses.
小题1:What do we learn from the text about those famous writers?
| A．They often regret writing poor works |
| B．Some of them write surprisingly much. |
| C．Many of them hate reading their own works |
| D．They are happy to review the publishers’ opinions. |
| A．People think in words and sentences. |
| B．Human ideas are translated into symbols |
| C．People think by connecting threads of ideas. |
| D．Human thoughts are expressed through pictures. |
| A．Most people believe we think in symbols. |
| B．Loving our own writing is scientifically reasonable. |
| C．The writers and critics can never reach an agreement. |
| D．Thinking and writing are different stages of mind at work. |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:D
解析
小题1:细节理解题。由第二段的第二句they even hate to look over the publishers’ opinions排除D，A,B文章中没提到；由第二段的第一句they so dislike reading their own writing later可知选C，
小题2:细节理解题。由第三段的前两句Different from popular belief ,we do not usually think in the works and sentences of ordinary language but in symbols for ideas （known as “mentalese”）可知选A。其他均可以排除。
小题3:推理判断题。由第三段的第一句Different from popular belief-----排除A项；第二段的第一句they so dislike reading their own writing later，排除B；由最后一段的二、三行Peter Elbow makes an excellent suggestion to deal with this problem. When writing we should have two different minds.排除C；由第二段二、三行the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down.可以看出写作和思考是大脑工作地不同阶段，选D。
核心考点
试题【It is true that good writers rewrite and rewrite and then rewrite some more. But】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Every year, on the International Volunteers Day, the world thinks highly of the work of millions of people who give their time to help others. The work they are doing is important. As Kofi Annan, Secretary General of the United Nations said“…each contribution—no matter how small—can help make a difference.” Lu Hao and Meng Yu are just two examples of the 13.5 million young Chinese Volunteers who want to make a contribution to society.
Lu Hao is a middle school student, who joined the “1 helps 1” scheme1 of the Youth Volunteer Community Development Project last year. Every Tuesday and Friday he visits an elderly gentleman who lives alone. “Mr. Zhao is weak and cannot do much for himself, so I help with shopping, do jobs in the house, or read the newspaper to him. With his help, Mr. Zhao’s health has improved, and he feels more energetic. Lu Hao has also found their relationship beneficial2. In the past history was his weakest subject, but it is one which greatly interests Mr. Zhao and they often discuss it. Mr. Zhao has encourages Lu Hao to study history lessons harder and his grades have improved a great deal.
Meng Yu is studying for her master’s degree in Canada. She has a busy timetable, but still finds time for voluntary activities during the weekends. “Last month I took part in an event to help starving children in some of the least developed countries. Twenty-two of us went without food for 30 hours! It was a challenge. We wanted to improve awareness3 of hunger because every day children are dying of starvation. It was a great success. The local newspaper and TV reported it and we received many money.” Meng Yu and her classmates organized this activity to raise money for a good cause, and in the process she formed strong friendships.
Lu Hao and Meng Yu are helping to make other people’s lives better, and they also make great friends, gain new skills and increase their chances of getting the job of their dreams. Would you like to make a difference by becoming a volunteer?
阅读短文，回答问题。
小题1:According to the text, what is the reason why young people choose to do voluntary work?
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题2:Lu Hao has chosen to volunteer on two evenings every week . How has Meng Yu chosen to give her time? Why has she made a different choice?
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题3:What benefits has his voluntary work brought Lu Hao?
_______________________________________________________________________________
小题4:What benefits did MengYu’s voluntary work bring the starving children?
_______________________________________________________________________________
Carrying their heavy 38 , the two brothers walked along the riverbank, hardly noticing the distance or the sun beating down. . They were eager to reach their 39 before lunchtime. As they entered the cool, shadowy woods, they began to search for a suitable camping spot. Peter wanted to 40 close to the river at the edge of the woods, 41 Paul, who was older, insisted that they camp further away. 42 Peter followed his brother deeper into the 43 . “This really is a wonderful setting!” said Paul in excitement. They 44 the tent , and settled down to eat the sandwiches they had made, then decided to find their way 45 to the river to catch some fish.
“Are you sure that this is the right 46 ?” whispered Peter shakily. “I’m sure we passed that hollow tree just a while ago. ” Paul walked 47 silently. “Look, there it is again. We’re lost, aren’t we?” complained Peter. Paul had to admit that he didn’t know where they were. 48 , they were a long distance from where they were 49 to be. They were not even 50 of where they had set up their camp. They set in 51 for a few minutes until Peter had a bright idea. “Why don’t we look for clues（线索） the way trackers 52 in the movies? We weren’t careful about how we walked, so I’m sure we would have left 53 some broken tree branches and leaves. ”
Carefully, the boys 54 the marks that they had left, until finally they found their campsite. Hurriedly, they packed their belongings and set off 55 the direction of the river.
What would their parents think of their adventure?
36. A. surprising B. exciting C. annoying D. frightening
37. A. went round B. went back C. went away D. went though
38. A. load B. torn C. food D. storage
39. A. grassland B. destination C. field D. river
40. A. live B. lie C. wait D. stay
41. A. but B. and C. or D. so
42. A. Unconsciously B. Unfortunately C. Unwillingly D. Uninterestingly
43. A. woods B. farm C. setting D. camp
44. A. put off B. put on C. put down D. put up
45. A. forward B. near C. back D. further
46. A. place B. mark C. way D. time
47. A. alone B. about C. in D. on
48. A. After all B. At last C. Above all D. At first
49. A. discovered B. encouraged C. persuaded D. supposed
50. A. afraid B. sure C. informed D. reminded
51. A. enjoyment B. satisfaction C. disappointment D. imagination
52. A. appear B. do C. work D. behave
53. A. behind B. out C. aside D. amount
54. A. fetched B. watched C. followed D. collected
55. A. for B. to C. at D. in
K="Karen " S=Selina
K: You’re late again.
S: Sorry, but there was a traffic （76） j .
K: It’s to ways the same excuse. Try to think of something better next time.
S: But I’m telling the truth! There was an （77） a in the cross-harbor tunnel. I don’t think buy one. It is hurt but it （78） t the police over an hour to clear it. Anyway, how are you? You look a bit tired.
K: Well, actually, I’ve been （79） q with my grandmother again. I feel sad because it isgo （80） w , she blames me, even though it’s not my fault.
S: What did your grandma say?
K: her favorite expression is “Young people are not as well behaved as they （81） u to be,” She always complains that I don’t show her enough （82） r .
S: Well, try and understand her. She can’t do all the things she did （83） w she was young. It must be very frustrating. Just think, one day we’ll be old…
K; You’re right. I should be more （84） u . I think I’ll buy her a present and apologize.
S: Right. Now you are feeling a bit better, it’s your turn to help me. Could you give me a hand with my maths homework?
K: Maths again! Okay, girl can we find somewhere to （85） e first? I’m starving！
Her name was Rosalind Franklin.”She should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden.” If her photos hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors
At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King’s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子). The rays produced patterns reflection the shape.
But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant .But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.
What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to to go or be put in her place.”
As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.”
No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA . She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.
小题1:What is the text mainly about?
A. The disagreements among DNA researchers.
B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.
C. The process of discovering DNA.
D. The race between two teams of scientists.
小题2:Watson was angry with Franklin because she .
| A．took the lead in the competition | B．kept her results from him |
| C．proved some of his findings wrong | D．shared her data with other scientists |
A. She developed pictures in dark labs.
B. She discovered the black X-the shape of DNA.
C. Her name was forgotten after her death.
D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.
小题4:What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?
| A．Disapproving. | B．Respectful. | C． Admiring. | D．Doubtful. |
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
We arrived in Spain for the first time a few weeks ago.I decided to 21 a car because we had sold the one we had in England before 22 home.Yesterday the sales office rang us to say the car was 23 .I had tried out a model like it before,but as I was not yet 24 driving in this city,my wife did not want me to collect it 25 so we went together to 26 it.We paid for the car and 27 the papers.They told us that there was 28 petrol(汽油) to take us to a garage,where we could fill up.The 29 garage to the office was about 100 yards away and we got there 30 .But when I turned into the main road I suddenly saw a lot of cars racing 31 me.I got out of 32 as fast as I could by backing into the garage 33 and the man behind 34 me.
“It’s such a problem to 35 to drive on the right side,isn’t it?”my wife said.“Yes,if only I had had a few lessons for 36 ,”I replied.“You had better go 37 on the way home,”my wife said.“You’d be sorry if you had 38 on the first day,wouldn’t you?”While we were talking,the man behind got out of his car and said in good English,“Would you mind telling me 39 you are thinking of leaving? 40 are you going to sit in your car all day?”
21.A.borrow B.drive C.buy D.choose
22.A.leaving B.making C.returning D.getting
23.A.right B.ready C.fixed D.sold
24.A.sure of B.satisfied with
C.interested in D.used to
25.A.on my own B.right away C.in a hurry D.on the way
26.A.receive B.bring C.order D.fetch
27.A.accepted B.wrote C.signed D.copied
28.A.little B.enough C.much D.no
29.A.best B.nearest C.quickest D.cleanest
30.A.lately B.directly C.safely D.slowly
31.A.after B.with C.around D.towards
32.A.their way B.the garage C.their sight D.the car
33.A.at last B.once more C.as usual D.as well
34.A.caught B.cheered C.shouted at D.chatted with
35.A.prepare B.continue C.choose D.remember
36.A.discussion B.adventure C.experiment D.practice
37.A.carefully B.smoothly C.quickly D.differently
38.A.an error B.a problem
C.an accident D.a headache
39.A.when B.why C.how D.what
40.A.For B.Or C.But D.So
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