题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
F．The cause of asteroid strikes． |
Astronomers estimate that there are about l,100 asteroids--or space rocks--with the potential to cause a planet-wide disaster in a collision with Earth．And since large asteroids have collided with Earth many times in the past，scientists say it is certain that Earth will be hit again．It is only a question of when．
77. _________________
The asteroid that ended the age of the dinosaurs hit the Earth 65 million years ago．It was at least six miles(10 kilometers)wide．But smaller asteroids can also devastate （毁坏）the earth．Scientists estimate that a collision with an asteroid even one—tenth this size would kill at least 25 per cent of Earth’s population．Less than a hundred years ago，for example，an asteroid only 330 feet(100 meters)wide exploded in Siberia．It completely destroyed half a million acres of forest．
78．_________________
Asteroids come from a belt of tens of thousands of space rocks in orbit around the sun．They normally travel between Mars and Jupiter，but some smaller rocks are affected by the gravitational pull of Mars，Jupiter or Saturn and their orbits are stretched．Sometimes this change puts them on a path that crosses Earth’s orbit．This sets up the possibility of collision with Earth．
79．_________________
In l986，a potentially dangerous asteroid missed Earth by only six hours．Scientists only found out about the danger after it had passed．Many more asteroids have collided with Earth over the years．We can still see their marks today — large craters in the ground．
80．_________________
NOW there is a new--found seriousness about asteroid strikes．Astronomers are engaged in a painstaking search for all asteroids that threaten Earth．And the United States has a project called NEAR that involves orbiting and studying the asteroid Eros，the second largest asteroid near Earth．Studying the composition of the asteroid provides important information hat may allow an asteroid to be exploded or knocked of course to prevent it from colliding with Earth．
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试题【Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
D
If you are invited to an American friend’s home for dinner, keep in mind these general rules for polite behavior. First of all, arrive approximately on time ( but not early). Americans expect promptness. It is OK to be 10 or 15 minutes late, but not 45 minutes late. Dinner might be overcooked and ruined by then. When you are invited to someone’s home for a meal, it is polite to “bring a small gift”. Flowers or candy are always appropriate. If you have an attractive item made in your native country, your host and/ or hostess would certainly enjoy receiving that as a gift.
Some Americans don’t know about the dietary restrictions of various ethnic and religious. Don’t make a fuss about it. If your host doesn’t say anything about what you are eating, then you shouldn’t, either. Simply eat what you can and hope that no one notices what you left. If you are questioned, you may have to admit that you don’t eat meat (or whatever), but you can also say that you have enjoyed the other foods and have had “more than enough” to eat. Don’t make the cook feel obliged to prepare something else for you. Be sure to compliment the cook on the food that you enjoyed.
Don’t leave immediately after dinner, but don’t overstay your welcome, either. When your friends seem to be getting tired and running out of conversation, take their behavior as a cue to leave. The next day, call or write a thank-you note to say how much you enjoyed the evening.
If you invite someone to join you for dinner in a restaurant, phone the restaurant first to find out if you need a reservation in order to avoid a long wait for a table. To make a reservation, just give your name, the number of people in your group, and the time you plan to arrive. When you invite someone to dinner, you should be prepared to pay the bill and reach for it when it arrives. However, if your companion insists on paying his or her share, don’t get into an argument about it. Some people prefer to pay their own way so that they don’t feel indebted, and those feelings should be respected. In most American restaurants, the waiter or waitress’ tip is not added to the bill. If the service was adequate, it is customary to leave a tip equal to about 15% of bill. In expensive restaurants, leave a bit more.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 13 WORDS.)
80. When invited to an American family for dinner, the first rule of polite behavior to keep in mind is to __________________________________.
81. The author uses the expression of “host and/or hostess” to avoid the impression of
_______________________________________.
82. When served a food that you don’t like in an American family, what is the proper thing for you to do?
___________________________________________________.
83. What is the proper amount of tip in an expensive American restaurant ?
________________________________________________.
第三部分 阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文。从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中。选出最佳选项．并在答题卷上将该项填出。
A
My wife passed away a few years ago, and I went through the worst time in my life. I even wanted to kill myself. Just for my kids, I had to continue to live and work as a small town doctor at my medical clinic in Hawaii. My kids had gone to live on the mainland, and I was alone. Then they asked me to have a family trip.
On our trip, we turned on the TV at the motel and saw the second plane crash into the World Trade Center. Seeing it falling down, I said to my kids: "I"m going to Afghanistan". And a few weeks later, International Medical Corps sent me to set up 20 clinics in provinces where people had no health care. In these field clinics surrounded by frightening shoots or deadly bombs, we were eventually serving 27,000 patients a month in a very busy schedule. Tired and nervous, I gradually had a sense of achievement, a sense of purpose, and my depression went away.
In the years to follow, I went to Indonesia after the tsunami (海啸), Pakistan after the earthquakes, Sudan after the civil war, and Iraq after more and more bombs. Each time after disasters one after another, hundreds of people were killed, wounded and many more had to flee. We once set up movable clinics in an area with 19,000 refugees, and it was supposed to hold 13,000 originally. Flu broke out, one of the biggest killers of kids in refugee camps, and it spread like wildfire. Water and food were also serious problems. "Adventures or not?", I often asked myself.
When my wife passed away, I thought my life was done. But in reality, it was just getting started. At the end of her life, she went unconscious. I held her head in my hands and told her of all the places we would visit and the exciting adventures we would have.
I think about the moment many times during my "adventures". I didn"t know how predictive those words would be. But I know that she is still with me.
56. Where has the doctor been in the past few years?
A. Some countries where he could set up clinics.
B. Some African countries where flu broke out.
C. The places where the earthquakes happened.
D. The places that the horrible disasters struck.
57. How would the doctor describe his life after he had worked in Afghanistan?
A. Tired and troublesome. B. Busy and risky.
C. Meaningful and helpful. D. Frightening and depressing.
The underlined word "refugees" means people__________
A. who are robbed, killed, or wounded B. who suffer from flu in movable clinics
C. who like to take adventures D. who have lost homes because of disasters
59. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The doctor"s wife encouraged him to work in foreign countries.
B. What the doctor said to his wife before her death became reality.
C. The doctor"s adventures made him understand the love of his wife.
D. With the true love of his wife; the doctor started to change his life.
C
Arthur Miller was born in New York City in 1915. He died in 2005 at his home in Roxbury, Connecticut. For sixty years, he created one dramatic work after another. Miller won many awards for his plays. Among them were a Pulitzer Prize, New York Drama Critics’ Circle Prizes and Tony Awards. In 1984, the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C. honored him for his lifetime work in drama.
Arthur Miller grew up in New York. His father, Isidore Miller, made clothing and operated a store. But the father lost his money in the great economic depression in the 1930s. So Arthur worked at many jobs to earn money for college. Miller won an award for writing plays while at school.
Miller returned home to New York after completing his studies. In 1944, Arthur Miller’s first major play was performed on Broadway. It was called The Man Who Had All the Luck. However, the play did not bring him good luck. It had only four performances. But his second Broadway play, All My Sons, was a major success. It won several awards in 1947.
Miller ‘s great play, Death of a Salesman, opened on Broadway in 1949. He was thirty-three years old when he wrote it. The play tells the story of the failure of a salesman, Willy Loman. The action opens on the last day of Willy’s life. He has been dismissed from his jobs as a traveling salesman. He also recognizes that he has failed as a father. He kills himself before the play is over. Death of a Salesman had a big influence on the American public. Many people saw their own lives in Willy Loman, the victim of broken dreams. It has been translated into about thirty languages and performed around the world.
Arthur Miller once wrote that when he was young he imagined that with the possible exception of a doctor saving a life, “Writing a worthy play was the most important thing a human being could do.” Theater owners on Broadway agreed. On the day after he died, the lights of Broadway theatres darkened for a minute in honor of him.
63. Miller began to show his talent in writing plays _______ .
A. in his teens B. when he was at school
C. after his marriage D. in New York
64. Which of the following is TRUE about Arthur Miller?
A. When he was young, Arthur Miller worked hard to be a doctor.
B. The Man Who Had All the Luck brought Arthur Miller neither fame nor fortune.
C. All My Sons was the first major work of Arthur Miller ever performed on Broadway. D. The John F, Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts honored Arthur Miller for his great play, Death of a Salesman.
65. The play Death of a Salesman ________.
A. won several awards in 1947 B. made the public know Miller first
C. is thought highly of D. made Miller rich
66. Death of a Salesman’s success lies in that______.
A. it has been translated into about thirty languages
B. it has been performed around the world
C. although not all Americans are salesmen, most of them share Willy’s dream
D. theater owners on Broadway respected Arthur Miller
E
I went on line to check my pay was in my bank account（账户）. To my amazement I discovered that not only had I been paid, a company I’d never worked for had also paid me! I know I would have been beside myself if my own salary was not in my account, so I tried to get the money back to the right person. Easier said than done.
The bank couldn’t help as it “wasn’t a bank problem.” The human-resource department at the company that paid me was unable to help as I didn’t have enough details. I rang the bank again. Thankfully I had a sympathetic call operator who gave me a name, so I again rang the company “Daniel” worked for.
I expected the bank would contact me to arrange to take the money from my account and repay Daniel. I heard nothing for a month and the money remained in my account when Daniel called, explaining he’d tried to get back his money but had been unsuccessful as neither the bank nor his company felt it was their error. He had rung to ask if I could speak to the bank, but after chatting for a few minutes we realized we could probably fix this problem ourselves.
We decided I would take the money from my account and he would pick it up from me. Due to my busy job I was unable to meet Daniel personally but he left me a lovely bottle of wine in exchange for what was rightfully his. I never had any intention of keeping Daniel’s pay but red tape（繁琐手续）made it difficult to do the right thing. It all came down to two people being able to do what a huge bank and a large company couldn’t do — admit a mistake has occurred and fix it.
52. What was the attitude of the author towards the extra money in his bank account?
A. He didn’t know what to do with it. B. He felt lucky to get it.
C. He thought of keeping it for himself. D. He wanted to return it to the right person.
53. The underlined phrase “beside myself” probably means _______.
A. very fortunate B. very angry C. really thankful D. at ease
54. How was the problem solved in the end?
A. The author and Daniel solved the problem themselves.
B. It cost Daniel a lovely bottle of wine to get back his money.
C. The author gave the money back to the company.
D. The call operator offered to solve their problem.
55. From the passage we can infer that _________.
A. the bank could solve the problem soon and easily with the red tape
B. some large organizations usually have troublesome official rules
C. Daniel didn’t know the error until he contacted the author
D. it was easy for a company to have a mistake which had occurred fixed
F．Other characteristics typical of super．young people |
76.________________
When Dr David Weeks，a clinical neuro-psychologist at the Royal Edinburgh Hospital in Scotland．wanted to look into the secrets of eternal（永久的） youth ，he advertised for subjects who looked younger than their age．An independent panel examined photographs of respondents，and selected 3,500 people who looked on average l2 to 14 years younger than their actual age to take part in the study．
77．________________
These subjects were studied for eight years．The main aim of the study was to discover whether environment or heredity had more effect on the ageing process．The conclusion was that genetic programming is the main factor．But the study also showed that avoiding stress can slow down the ageing process．
78．________________
Stress seems to have an immediate effect on appearance．A separate study of middle-aged women showed that women suffering form serious stress looked older in just a few months．Yet when the problem causing the stress was removed，they very quickly looked younger．
79．________________
Here is a list of the factors that Dr．Weeks found that allowed his subjects to lead less stressful lives than others．First，they tend to have happy relationships with their partners．These relationships are based on trust and empathy，and provide security and comfort when dealing with stressful problems．Secondly，they tended to avoid sources of hostility instead of allowing them to make them angry．
80．________________
Next, they seem to have a good sense of humor．They like to have fun，and are enthusiastically involved in a variety of hobbies．They also seemed less willing to conform to others’ ideas．They prefer to think for themselves．They tend to have a good attitude towards health and exercise as well．They avoid the sun，do not smoke, and eat a healthy diet．
So these are the secrets of the “ super-young”：a loving relationship．Regular exercise．a variety of hobbies，a healthy diet and avoidance of stress．
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