题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
C
If you are a male and you are reading this, congratulations: you are a survivor. According to statistics, you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman, and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman.
There are many reasons for this, typically, men take more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men don’t go to the doctor.
“Men aren’t seeing doctors as often as they should,” says Dr. Gullotta, “This is particularly so for the over-40s, when diseases tend to strike.”
Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45, it should be at least once a year.
Two months ago, Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year.
“When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer,” he says, “Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it would have prolonged his life.”
According to a recent survey, 95% of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group.
“A lot of men think they are invincible(不可战胜的),” Gullotta says. “They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think, “Geez, if it could happen to him, __________.”
Then there is the ostrich approach, “some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know,” says Dr. Ross Cartmill.
“Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies,” Cartmill says. He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups.
“Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain(紧张) on the public purse,” Cartmill says. “But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater: it is called premature death.”
65..Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?
A. They are more likely to survive serious diseases today.
B. Their average life span has been considerably extended.
C. They have lived long enough to read this article.
D. They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier life.
66. What is the most important reason why men die five years earlier on average than women according to the author?
A. men drink and smoke much more than women
B. men don’t seek medical care as often as women
C. men aren’t as cautious as women in face of danger
D. men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases
67. Which of the following best completes the sentence “Geez, if it could happen to him, _______”?
A. it could happen to me, too B. I should avoid playing golf
C. I should consider myself lucky D. it would be a big misfortune
68. What does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by “the ostrich approach”?
A. a casual attitude towards one’s health conditions
B. a new therapy for certain psychological problems
C. refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved
D. unwillingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear
答案
65-68. CBAD
解析
核心考点
试题【CIf you are a male and you are reading this, congratulations: you are a survivor】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
第二卷(三部分，共39分)
第一节任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。
Wondering how many calories the banana cream pie on your plate has? Some Japanese have a novel way to find out: Photograph it with a cellphone and send the image to an expert. With cellphones becoming common in Japan and rising concern over expanding waistlines, health-care providers will allow the calorie-conscious people to send photos of their meals to nutritionists (营养学家) for advice.
Public health insurance offices in Osaka in Western Japan have launched the service on a trial basis. About 100 cardiac (心脏病的) patients signed up in the first year, followed by diabetes and obesity patients in the second. “Japanese have been getting fatter, especially men in their 20s and 30s. There is concern over what they learned about nutrition when they were younger,” the Osaka official, Satomi Onishi, said. “We’re hoping that this program can help us deal with the problem.”
Osaka is using a system developed by Asahi Kasei Corp. The system is operating among about 150 health-care providers and local governments around the country Nutritionists can work with photos from one day’s meals to several weeks’ worth. Results come back in three days. People can also log on a website to get further information.
Dr Yutaka Kimura has developed a similar system at Kansai Medical University’s Hirakata Hospital, also in Osaka. Five patients have taken part in the programme, which costs $37 to join and $21 per month. Patients photograph meals over the course of three to seven days, and a nutritionist e-mails advice to them. “Patients used to fill in meal logs, but people tend to forget things or underestimate (低估) their portions (份),” Kimura said. “Photographing meals and e-mailing them can be easier and get more accurate results.”
As Japanese have turned to bigger portions and more meat and fried foods, obesity and related illnesses such as high blood pressure have become a rising concern. The Health Ministry estimated last year that more than half of Japanese men and about one in five women between 40 and 70 years old were at the increased risk of heart disease, type II diabetes and other diseases because of obesity. With the Health Ministry hoping to see a 25% reduction in the number of people at the risk of these diseases by 2015, Osaka officials hope the cellphone program will help.
| New function of cellphones | |||||
| Reasons | Cellphone cameras help Japanese lose (69) _____. | ||||
| There is a growing concern about health and (70) _____ slim. | Obesity may result (71) _____ diseases such as high pressure, heart disease, type II diabetes and so on. | They hope the cellphone programme will help to (72) _____ the number of people who are at the risk of these diseases. | Ways | ||
| The service on a trial basis has been started to solve the problem of (73) _____ fat. | A system has been developed in which the value in (74) ______ is told 3 days later according to the photos of meals (75) _____ with cellphones. | Another system has also developed in which advice is (77) _____ to patients after a nutritionist gets (78) _____ amount of nutrition from the photographed meals over the course of three to seven days. | |||
| Further information can be got by (76) _____ on a website. | |||||
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mother seemed to be able to make dolls (洋娃娃) out of anything. She made some dolls for me and my two elder sisters. I 36 playing with them, but still, secretly, I hoped for a store-bought 37 like the one our rich cousin had. Her doll 38 open and close its blue glass eyes and even say "Mamma". I 39 stopped admiring it and hoping to have one.
However, my dream 40 came true when I was six. One day my father came back from his business trip with three 41 dolls! They were much smaller than our cousin’s doll and their eyes were just painted ones, but I did not 42 such differences. They were 43 "store-bought" dolls. We each chose one and I named 44 Misako.
Soon my sisters and I became 45. Our "children" kept us 46 all day. We gave them a bath, 47 them, brushed their hair, took them out for a walk and put them to bed. Several months later, they got more like real children — their 48 and bodies became dirtier; their dresses got stained; their hair less smooth.
But, by then, 49 interests seemed to have moved into 50 toys. Their dolls were abandoned (被抛弃) and in bad condition. One had 51 one of her arms, and 52 was one-legged. "You can 53 them if you want," my sisters said to me. Thus, I had 54_ dolls. They were more or less handicapped (残疾) and they often looked at me as if they needed me to 55 them. I enjoyed this feeling of being needed — being the only one in the world who could protect them with a lot of love. Indeed, they made the rest of my childhood days very happy.
36. A. wanted B. expected C. hoped D. enjoyed
37. A. doll B. toy C. girl D. baby
38. A. might B. should C. could D. dared
39. A. often B. never C. sometimes D. seldom
40. A. immediately B. firstly C. hardly D. finally
41. A. beautiful B. lovely C. store-bought D. new
42. A. care about B. care for C. think about D. worry about
43. A. total B. real C. like D. true
44. A. my B. one C. them D. mine
45. A. sisters B. fathers C. friends D. mothers
46. A. free B. busy C. hard D. tired
47. A. wore B. put on C. dressed D. wash
48. A. faces B. legs C. arms D. hands
49. A. my B. their C. my sisters’ D. my doll’s
50. A. tiny B. different C. curious D. humorous
51. A. lost B. wounded C. cut D. damaged
52. A. the other B. another C. it D. other
53. A. look out for B. take care of C. pay attention to D. have a look at
54. A. two B. few C. many D. three
55. A. teach B. feed C. satisfy D. help
D
It was Sunday morning. All the summer world was bright and fresh, and full of life. There was cheer on every face and a spring in every step. Tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash and a long-handled brush. He stopped by the fence in front of the house where he lived with his aunt Polly. He looked at it, and all joy left him. The fence was long and high. He put the brush into the whitewash and moved it along the top of the fence. He repeated the operation. He felt he could not continue and sat down. He knew that his friends would arrive soon with all kinds of interesting plans for the day. They would walk past him and laugh. They would make jokes about his having to work on a beautiful summer Saturday. The thought burned him like fire. He put his hand into his pockets and took out all that he owned. Perhaps he could find some way to pay someone to do the whitewashing for him. But there was nothing of value in his pockets—nothing that could buy even half an hour of freedom. So he put the bits of toys back into his pockets and gave up the idea. At this dark and hopeless moment, a wonderful idea came to him. It filled his mind with a great, bright light. Calmly he picked up the brush and started again to whitewash. While Tom was working, Ben Rogers appeared. Ben was eating an apple as he walked along the street. As he walked along, he was making noises like the sound of a riverboat. First he shouted loudly, like a boat captain. Then he said “Ding-Dong-Dong”, “Ding-Dong-Dong” again and again, like the bell of a riverboat. And he made other strange noises. When he came close to Tom, he stopped.Tom went on whitewashing. He did not look at Ben. Ben stared a moment and then said: "Hello! I’m going swimming, but you can’t go, can you?” No answer. Tom moved his brush carefully along the fence and looked at the result with the eye of an artist. Ben came nearer. Tom"s mouth watered for the apple, but he kept on working. Ben said, "Hello, old fellow, you’ve got to work, hey?" Tom turned suddenly and said, "Why, it"s you, Ben! I wasn"t noticing." "Say — I"m going swimming. Don"t you wish you could? But of course you’d rather work — wouldn"t you? Of course you would." Tom looked at the boy a bit, and said "What do you call work?" "Why, isn"t that work?" Tom went back to his whitewashing, and answered casually, "Well, maybe it is, and maybe it isn"t. All I know is, it suits Tom Sawyer." "Oh come, now, you don"t mean to say that you like it?" The brush continued to move. "Like it? Well, I don"t see why I shouldn’t like it. Does a boy get a chance to whitewash a fence every day?" Ben stopped eating his apple. Tom moved his brush back and forth, stepped back to look at the result, added a touch here and there, and stepped back again. Ben watched every move and got more and more interested. Soon he said, "Say, Tom, let me whitewash a little." Tom thought for a moment, was about to agree; but he changed his mind: "No — no — it won’t do, Ben. You see, Aunt Polly wants this fence to be perfect. It has got to be done very carefully. I don’t think there is one boy in a thousand, maybe two thousand, that can do it well enough." "No — is that so? Oh come, now —let me just try. Only just a little." "Ben, I"d like to, but if it isn’t done right, I’m afraid Aunt Polly— " "Oh, I"ll be careful. Now let me try. Say -- I"ll give you the core（核心）of my apple." "Well, here — No, Ben, now don"t. I"m afraid —" "I"ll give you all of it." Tom gave up the brush with unwillingness on his face, but joy in his heart. And while Ben worked at the fence in the hot sun, Tom sat under a tree, eating the apple, and planning how to get more help. There were enough boys. Each one came to laugh, but remained to whitewash. By the time Ben was tired, Tom sold the next chance to Billy for a kite; and when Billy was tired, Johnny bought in for a dead rat — and so on, hour after hour. And when the middle of the afternoon came, Tom had won many treasures And he had not worked. He had had a nice idle time all the time, with plenty of company -- and the fence had been whitewashed three times. If he hadn"t run out of whitewash, Tom would have owned everything belonging to his friends. He had discovered a great law of human action, namely, that in order to make a man or a boy want a thing, it is only necessary to make the thing difficult to get. 68．Tom was about to agree to let Ben whitewash when he changed his mind because ______ . A. Tom wanted to do the whitewashing by himself B. Tom was unwilling to let Ben do the whitewashing C. Tom was afraid Ben would do the whitewashing better D. Tom didn’t want to let Ben do the whitewashing before he made him give up his apple first 69．The underlined word “casually” is most similar to “______” in meaning. A. carelessly B. delightedly C. seriously D. angrily 70．We can learn from the passage that ______ . A. Tom was interested in whitewashing the fence. B. Tom had a lot of friends who are ready to help others. C. Tom was unwilling to whitewash the fence, but he managed to let other boys do it for him D. Tom was good at whitewashing the fence, so he looked at the result of his work with the eye of an artist.
第四部分任务型阅读 (共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)请认真阅读下列短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格的空格处里填人最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格填1个单词。
There’re seven oceans across most of the earth"s surface. But they contain saltwater, unfit for human consumption. Only a tiny part of the world"s water – about 2.5 percent – is drinkable. That still would be an enough supply if it were clean and available where needed. However, it"s not.
Today some 1.2 billion people lack access to safe drinking water and 2.6 billion lack proper waste water treatment. As a result, polluted water supplies are blamed for the worldwide deaths of 1.8 million children, according to the United Nation"s Human Development Report for 2006.That means 4,900 children under 5 years old died per day.
What"s more, children worldwide miss 443 million days of school each year because of water-related illnesses. The UN also estimates that half of the world"s hospital beds are occupied by patients suffering from water-borne diseases.
Beyond that, millions of people (almost always women) in different parts of the world spend hours per day carrying water up to several miles for their family"s needs because no source is close at hand.
Since 1992, the UN has sponsored(倡议) World Water Day, observed on March 22, to raise awareness of the need to protect and improve access to clean water supplies.
"When the well is dry, then we know the worth of water," said Benjamin Franklin, long before today"s water challenges.
It"s clear that competition for water "will intensify(加剧) in the decades ahead," said Kemal Dervis, administrator of the United Nations Development Program in its 2006 report. "Water is the fundamental resource, crossing borders through rivers, lakes – a fact that points to the potential for cross-border tensions in water-stressed regions."
Growing populations, are using up water resources, and climate change is expected to worsen the problem as it changes rainfall patterns. A new UN study shows that as temperatures have gone up, the world"s glaciers(冰川) have been decreasing at fast rates and may disappear entirely within a few decades. China, India, and the West Coast of the United States are among populous places that rely on glaciers for their water supply. Glaciers feed some of the world"s great rivers, which serve billions of people.
One of the UN"s Millennium Development Goals, established in 2000, is to cut in half by the year 2015 the population unable to reach or afford safe drinking water. Achieving that goal is "critically important," says UN Secretary-General Ban Ki Moon. "When you look at the health and development challenges faced by the poorest of the world"s population, the common sticking point often turns out to be water." Governments and private groups are working hard to solve the problem as well.
| Title | A Mighty Global Thirst |
| Facts | Drinkable water (1)_____up only 2.5 percent of the world’s water. Safe drinking water is not(2) ________to some 1.2 billion people. 2.6 billion people are (3)_______ of proper wastewater treatment. 1.8 million children died from polluted water supplies in 2006. Children worldwide are (4)________from school for 443 million days because of water-related illness. Water-borne diseases keep people in half of the world’s hospital beds. Millions of people spend hours per day carrying water a long distance to meet their family needs. |
| Purpose of the UN’s sponsoring World Water Day | To make people more (5)______ of the need to protect and improve access to clean water supplies. |
| (6)_______ of the global thirst | Water pollution Growing (7)__________ |
| Potential threat | Climate change, which may result in the (8)________ of glaciers in the near future. |
| Efforts | The UN aims to cut in half by the year 2015 the population having no (9)______ to safe drinking water. Governments and private groups are trying to work out a (10)______ to the problem. |
第二节：补全对话（共5小题，每小1分，满分5分）
根据对话情景和内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A: Excuse me, Sir. Are you a guide?
B: Yes, I am. 6
A: Can I ask you a question about the Famen Temple?
B: Of course. What do you want to know?
A: When was it built? 7
B: In the third century in Eastern Han Dynasty．It has a history of more than 1,700 years．The Temple is famous in the world for Sheli, fingers;of Buddha which is the holy object of Buddhism．
A: Can you speak more,slowly? 8
B; I"m sorry! I’ll speak more slowly．Any more questions?
B: Yes．Well, __9__
B: The Famen Temple has become the sacred place of Buddhism, so millions．of Buddhista including common people come here to pray for peace and happiness．
A: I see. Thank you very much. Goodbye.
B: 10 Goodbye!
A: Welcome to the Famen Temple．
B: I’m afraid I can"t follow you．
C: And what is it famous for?
D: See you later．
E: Why are there so many people visiting the Temple?
F: Can I help you?
G: Have a good time．
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