Stephen Hawking was born in Oxford, England, on January 8, 1942. At the age of 17, he entered University College, Oxford. He wanted to study mathematics, but took up the study of physics when math was unavailable. He received a Ph.D. in physics despite being diagnosed (诊断) with Ameliotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症) while at Oxford in 1963. In 1985 he became ill with pneumonia (肺炎), and since then has required 24-hour nursing. Dr. Hawking’s determination, along with the help of his family and associates, has allowed him to continue to work. In 1970 he began studying black holes. His research led him to predict that black holes send out radiation in the X-ray to gamma-ray(伽马射线) range of the spectrum (光谱). In the 1980s he returned to an earlier interest, the origins of the universe. He has co-authored many publications, such as 300 Years of Gravity and The Large Scale Structure of Space time. Dr. Hawking has also written books such as A Brief History of Time, Black Holes and Baby Universes and other Essays, The Universe in a Nutshell and others. He continues to give lectures, despite having been unable to speak since 1985, with the aid of a speech synthesizer (合成器) and a portable computer. He currently holds Isaac Newton’s chair as the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University in England.
小题1:Hawking went to University College, Oxford, in order to _____.
A. get a Ph.D. in physics
B. study mathematics
C. study the universe and black holes
D. seek help from the Lucasian Professor
小题2:Before Hawking started researching black holes, _____.| A．he gave lectures with the help of a speech synthesizer | | B．he finished his book The Universe in a Nutshell | | C．he was made the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics | | D．he was diagnosed with Ameliotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
小题3:Which of the following books was NOT written by Dr. Hawking alone?| A．300 Years of Gravity | | B．A Brief History of Time | | C．The Universe in a Nutshell | | D．Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays. |
小题4:When did Hawking enter University College, Oxford?| A．in 1942 | B．in 1970 | C．in 1959 | D．in 1963 |
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小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:C |
试题分析：
小题1:B 细节题。根据文章第二行He wanted to study mathematics说明B正确。
小题2:D 细节题。根据3,4行He received a Ph.D. in physics despite being diagnosed (诊断) with Ameliotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症) while at Oxford in 1963.以及In 1970 he began studying black holes.说明D正确，
小题3:A 细节题。根据文章倒数4,5 Dr. Hawking has also written books such as A Brief History of Time, Black Holes and Baby Universes and other Essays, The Universe in a Nutshell and others.说明A不是他写的。故A符合要求。
小题4:C 计算题。Stephen Hawking was born in Oxford, England, on January 8, 1942. At the age of 17, he entered University College, Oxford.他是1942年出生，17岁的时候也就是1959年进入牛津大学。
点评：本文介绍了著名的物理学家Stephen Hawking的生平和研究成果。本文的难点在于要消除语言的障碍，因为本文总的专业术语较多，考生能否不受这些专业术语的影响是解题的关键，要求考生有一定的上下文猜词能力。 |
核心考点
试题【Stephen Hawking was born in Oxford, England, on January 8, 1942. At the age of 1】；主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
A woman called Julia lived in the countryside, one year she decided to visit the capital city to see the sights. She stayed at a hotel near the central market. She had seldom been to the city before, and was very excited about what she would find.
On the first morning of her visit, as she walked from the hotel to the market, she passed a beggar (乞丐). He was holding up a notice, which said, “Blind from birth. Please give generously(慷慨地).”Julia felt sorry for the beggar and she bent down and put a dollar coin into his bowl. “Thank you.” he said. The same thing happened again the following day. On the third day, however, Julia did not have a dollar coin. She had only fifty cents, so she dropped this into the beggar’s bowl. “What have I done wrong?” the beggar said, “Why are you so stingy (吝啬的) today?”
Julia was very surprised at the beggar . “How do you know I haven"t given you a dollar?” she said, “If you’re blind you can"t know what coin I put into your bowl.” “Ah,” explained the beggar, “The truth is that I"m not blind. I"m just looking after this place for the regular beggar while he’s on holiday.” “On holiday?” Julia said, “And what exactly does your blind friend do on holiday?” “He goes into the countryside,” the man said, “and takes photographs. He"s a very good photographer.”
小题1:Where was the beggar sitting?| A．In the market. | | B．In the busiest part of the city. | | C．Outside the shops. | | D．Between Julia"s hotel and the market. |
小题2:On the first two days, ____.| A．the blind man waited for Julia | | B．the blind man demanded money from Julia | | C．Julia gave the blind man some money | | D．Julia gave him nothing |
小题3: On the third day, the blind man____ .| A．accepted Julia"s fifty cents quite happily | | B．noticed that Julia had only given him fifty cents | | C．refused Julia"s fifty cents | | D．also received one dollar from Julia |
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I had offered to watch my 3-year-old daughter, so that my wife could go out with a friend. I was getting some work done in my study while she ___36___ to be having a good time in the other room. No problem, I figured. But then it got a little too ___37___ and I shouted, “What are you doing?” No response. I ___38___ my question and heard her say, “Oh,…nothing.” Nothing？
I got up from my desk and ran out ___39___ the living room, where I saw her running across the hall. I followed and watched her as her little behind made a quick ___40___ into the bathroom. I had her ___41___! I told her to turn around. She ___42___. I pulled out my big Daddy voice, “Young lady, I said turn around!”
___43___, she turned toward me. In her hand was what was left of my wife’s new lipstick. And every square inch of her face was ___44__ with bright red! As she looked up at me with fearful eyes, I heard ___45__ voice that had been shouted to me as a child. “How could you…You should know…How many times have you been ___46___ … What a bad thing to do…” It was just a matter of my picking out which old ___47___ I was going to use on her so that she would know what a bad girl she had been. But ___48___ I could become angry, I looked ___49___ at the sweater on her. In big ___50___ it said, “I’M A PERFECT LITTLE ANGEL(天使)!” I looked back up into her tearful eyes and, ___51___ seeing a bad girl who didn’t listen, I saw a little angel full of ___52___ that I had come dangerously close to ___53___. “Sweetheart, let’s take a picture so Mommy can see how ___54___ you look.” I took the picture and thanked God that I didn’t ___55__ the chance to prove what a perfect little angel she had given me.
| 小题1: | | A．happened | B．liked | C．appeared | D．pretended |
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| 小题2: | | A．long | B．quiet | C．calm | D．strange |
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| 小题3: | | A．asked | B．answered | C．raised | D．repeated |
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| 小题5: | | A．way | B．turn | C．change | D．progress |
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| 小题6: | | A．followed | B．scolded | C．cornered | D．fooled |
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| 小题7: | | A．laughed | B．listened | C．agreed | D．refused |
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| 小题8: | | A．Slowly | B．Eagerly | C．Angrily | D．Unfortunately |
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| 小题9: | | A．filled | B．marked | C．printed | D．covered |
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| 小题11: | | A．told | B．beaten | C．frightened | D．forbidden |
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| 小题12: | | A．reports | B．notice | C．advice | D．words |
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| 小题13: | | A．as | B．when | C．since | D．before |
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| 小题15: | | A．signs | B．letters | C．messages | D．figures |
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| 小题16: | | A．because of | B．instead of | C．in spite of | D．as a result of |
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| 小题17: | | A．values | B．sadness | C．pities | D．tricks |
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| 小题18: | | A．preventing | B．getting rid of | C．destroying | D．doing wrong on |
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| 小题19: | | A．dirty | B．ugly | C．special | D．silly |
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A jobless man applied for the position of “office boy”at Microsoft. The HR manager interviewed him and then watched him cleaning the floor as a test.
“You are employed,” he said. “Give me your e-mail address and I’ll send you the application to fill in, as well as date when you may start.”
The man replied，“But I don’t have a computer, neither an e-mail.”
“I’ m sorry，” said the HR manager.“If you don’t have an e-mail，that means , you do not exist. And who doesn’t exist cannot have the job.”
The man left with no hope at all. He didn"t know what to do with only ten dollars in his pocket. He then decided to go to the supermarket and buy 10 kg tomatoes. He then sold the tomatoes from door to door. In less than two hours, he managed to double his capital. He repeated the operation three times, and returned home happily with 60 dollars.
The man realized that he could survive in this way, and started to go every day earlier, and return late. Thus, his money doubled or tripled every day. Shortly, he bought a cart, then a truck, and then he had his own fleet of delivery vehicles. Five years later, the man is one of the biggest food retailers(销售商) in the US.
He started to plan his family’s future and decided to have a life insurance. He called an insurance broker（经纪人）and chose a protection plan.
When the conversation was concluded the broker asked him his e-mail. The man replied, “I don’t have an e-mail.”
The broker answered curiously,“You don’t have an e-mail, and yet have managed to build an empire. Can you imagine what you could have been if you had an e-mail?" The man thought for a while and replied,“Yes，I’d be an office boy at Microsoft!”
小题1:The underlined word “tripled” can be replaced by .| A．became large | B．became 3 times | | C．increased quickly | D．decreased quickly |
小题2:According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE?| A．The man is one of the biggest food retailers in the world. | | B．The man didn’t give up though he failed the interview. | | C．He started his career by selling tomatoes in the Supermarket. | | D．Those who have e-mails can work at Microsoft. |
小题3:The man can be described as .| A．helpful and considerate | B．positive and generous | | C．smart and hardworking | D．stubborn and unselfish |
小题4:Which proverb can best describe the story?| A．Misfortune may be an actual blessing. | B．Where there is a will, there is a way. | | C．Accidents will happen. | D．No pains, no gains. |
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I drove a school bus as a part-time job. Thirty-nine children all had stories to tell me about their summers. Charlie though __16__me. From the first day on Charlie was __17__. If a fight broke out I didn’t have to turn my __18__to know who had started it. If a girl was crying chances were that Charlie had __19__ her hair. No matter how I spoke to him gently or __20__ he wouldn’t say a word. He’d just __21__ me with those big gray eyes of his. One day I found a small tin heart (小锡心)on the bus was gone. “Does anyone know __22__happened to the little heart here” I asked. Some children cried “Charlie __23__it Search him” When I asked him to come forward his gaze( 注视) __24__ my eyes. I stuck my hand into one of his pockets. Then I felt it—the __25__ outline(轮廓)of the small tin heart. Charlie stared at me for a long time. There were no __26__ in those big gray eyes no plea( 恳求) for mercy. He seemed to be waiting for what he’d come to __27__ from the world. I was about to pull the tin heart out of Charlie’s pocket __28__I stopped myself. Let him keep it, I said “It must have fallen off before I got here.” Without a word Charlie __29__ to his seat. When he got off at his stop, he didn’t so much as glance at me. Several days later just that__30__ Charlie moved away… A dozen years after retirement we met in the street. To my __31__, he hugged me. After he let go, he pulled something from his pocket and held it up for me to see. An old key chain… bent out of __32__, the lettering faded (消褪). You __33__probably guess what it was—the little tin heart. “You were the only one who kept trying.” He explained. We __34__ again and went our separate ways. I am so __35__ I’d done a good job.
| 小题1: | | A．ignored | B．feared | C．greeted | D．told |
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| 小题2: | | A．active | B．troublesome | C．independent | D．noisy |
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| 小题3: | | A．position | B．shoulder | C．head | D．attention |
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| 小题4: | | A．pulled | B．cut | C．stole | D．played |
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| 小题5: | | A．secretly | B．carefully | C．proudly | D．strictly |
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| 小题6: | | A．laugh at | B．stare at | C．depend on | D．concentrate on |
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| 小题8: | | A．did | B．made | C．wore | D．said |
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| 小题9: | | A．turned into | B．burned into | C．stepped into | D．flew into |
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| 小题10: | | A．shining | B．hard | C．strange | D．familiar |
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| 小题11: | | A．tears | B．puzzles | C．hopes | D．ways |
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| 小题12: | | A．plea | B．ask | C．expect | D．disappoint |
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| 小题14: | | A．came | B．wanted | C．intended | D．returned |
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| 小题15: | | A．summer | B．autumn | C．spring | D．winter |
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| 小题16: | | A．delight | B．sadness | C．surprise | D．annoyance |
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| 小题17: | | A．shape | B．date | C．order | D．fashion |
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| 小题19: | | A．talked | B．looked | C．smiled | D．hugged |
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| 小题20: | | A．happy | B．sure | C．lucky | D．shocked |
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Watson entered Mr. Smith’s office. The Boss was a hard man. He fired people who didn’t do well without giving them a second chance.
“Watson,” said Mr. Smith, “this past year your department hasn’t earned money. We’re going to drop that department. It’s finished. I’ m sorry, —but you’ll have to go.” “But, sir—if I just had a little more time. For the moment I need the job to keep my son at Riverside School.”
“What’s that!” said the Boss. “Riverside! I didn’t know you had a boy there. That’s an expensive school for a man with your salary.”
“I know, sir. But he likes it there so much! He’s a star trackman（田径运动员） and the best boxer in the school. The boys call him Champ（冠军） there.”
The Boss sat perfectly still for a long time—a faraway （恍惚的） look in his eyes. Then, suddenly, he said, “We’ve got to close your department, Watson. But you’ll take over a new job in another department. It means longer hours—maybe more pay. Now get out. You’re here for life.”
Watson got out, with surprise in his face. Then the Boss took a letter from the top drawer of his desk. It was Herbie’s last letter from Riverside School —written a few days before he died. He had read it over and over again with sick pain. The letter read: I can’t say the boys here are any nicer to me than the others were. I guess it’s the same everywhere when you’re a cripple (跛脚的人). But don’t worry about me, Dad. They’ve got a good chemistry department here. And there’s one boy here who is really great. He’s a track star and boxing champ and just tops in chemistry. The boys call him Champ. He made them stop throwing my books around. And he knocked a boy down who hit me. He is the best friend I ever had. Dad, when I grow up, I want to do something for Champ. Something big—that he won’t even know about.
Your son, Herbie
小题1:The underlined word “drop” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by ________.| A．fall | B．close | C．punish | D．sell |
小题2: It can be inferred from the text that Champ is_______.| A．Watson’ s son | B．Mr Smith’ s son | | C．a teacher of Mr Smith’s son | D．the son of Mr Smith’s friend |
小题3:From the text we know that Herbie_______.| A．was a college student | B．didn’t live to grow up | | C．made friends with many boys | D．died from a car accident |
小题4:Watson was given a second chance because_______.| A．Mr Smith wanted to help Watson’s son | | B．a man was needed in another department | | C．Herbie told Mr Smith to do so in his letter | | D．Mr Smith wanted to realize his son’s dream |
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