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宾语从句的简化

简化宾语从句常用六法

  在各类考试中,同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句,使其与原句意思相同(或相近)的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法:

  方法一:当主句谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree, promise等,且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如:

  Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.

  We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.

  方法二:当主句谓语动词是know, learn, remember, forget, tell等动词,且主句主语与从句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如:

  She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.

  注:当主句谓语动词是tell, ask, show, teach等动词,且后带双宾语,从句主语和间接宾语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如:

  Could you tell me how I can get to the station? →Could you tell me how to get to the station?

  方法三:当主句的谓语动词是order(命令),require(需要)等时,如果主句和从句的主语不一致,宾语从句可简化为“名词(代词)+不定式”结构。例如:

  The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.

  方法四:某些动词后的宾语从句,可以用介词加动名词(短语)等其他形式简化。例如:

  He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.

  The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.

  方法五:某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式(作宾语补足语)”结构。例如:

  Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.

  方法六:动词seem后的宾语从句,也可以用不定式(短语)来简化,但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如:

  It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.

  除上述方法外,还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如:

  I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English well.

  Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. →Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.

  They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy.

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