虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用

　　1. 在主语从句中, 下面的几种情况谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”,should可省略。

　　① “It is+形容词+that ... ”句型。常见的形容词有important, necessary, natural, funny, strange, surprising, astonishing等。如:

　　—Is it necessary that heto the army?

　　—I agree, but the problem is that he is not tall enough.

　　A. will be sent B. be sent

　　C. must be sent D. can be sent

　　【分析】 B 在“It is necessary that ...”句型中,从句常常用虚拟语气,其形式为“should+动词原形”,should也可以省略。

　　在一些名词性从句中,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”或“should+have done”表示惊讶等感情色彩,译为“竟然,居然”。如:

　　I was surprised/shocked that the boy should shout at his head teacher. 这位男生竟然对班主任大声嚷嚷,我感到很吃惊。

　　It is strange that the poor old man should have been invited to his wedding. 那位贫穷老人竟然被邀请参加他的婚礼,真是奇怪。

　　② “It is +名词+that ...”句型。常见的名词有pity, shame, advice, suggestion, proposal(提议,建议),requirement, request, desire, order等。如:

　　It’s really a wonder that all the passengers on boardwhile the plane itself sank into the freezing Hudson River in New York.

　　A. must have been saved

　　B. should have been saved

　　C. would be saved

　　D. might be saved

　　【分析】 B should表示“竟然”,有惊讶的语气。句意:当飞机沉入冰冷的纽约哈德逊河,机上所有的乘客竟然全部获救,这真是一个奇迹。

　　③ “It is+动词的过去分词+ that ... ”句型。常见的动词有advise, order, propose, request, suggest, demand, require等。如:

　　It was ordered that no parkingallowed in front of the building.

　　A. is B. was

　　C. be D. would be

　　【分析】 C be前省略should。句意:命令楼前不允许停车。

　　2. 在下列动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可省略。这类动词有:insist(坚持), urge(催促), order(命令),command(命令), request(请求,要求), demand(要求),require(要求,需要),suggest(建议),advise(建议),propose(建议) , recommend(建议, 推荐) 等。如:

　　The coach demanded that all the athletes going to Vancouver for the Winter Olympicsbefore leaving China.

　　A. should be fully prepared

　　B. might be fully prepared

　　C. must be fully prepared

　　D. would be fully prepared.

　　【分析】 A 句中有demand一词,所以宾语从句中用“should+动词原形”。

　　记忆诀窍 一个“坚持”和”催促”,二个“命令”, 三个“要求”, 四个“建议”。

　　3. 在含有advice, order, demand, proposal(提议), requirement, suggestion等名词的表语从句、同位语从句中,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可省略。如:

　　It’s his suggestion made yesterday that we buying a flat.

　　A. delaying B. delayed

　　C. must delay D. delay

　　【分析】 D 句中that引导从句作suggestion的同位语。

　　4. 在wish后的宾语从句中:

　　① 表示将来的愿望实现的可能性非常小时,wish后的宾语从句的谓语动词用过去时或过去将来时。如:We wish the friendship between the two countries would last forever.

　　② 表示与现在事实相反的愿望时,宾语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词用were)。如:He always wishes he were a millionaire and owned a big house and a sports car.

　　③ 表示与过去事实相反的愿望时,宾语从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。如: How he wished he hadn’t wasted too much time on playing computer games while at school.

　　如:

　　—His daughter has married a millionaire.

　　—I should have been the bridegroom!I wish Ias rich as he is!

　　A. be B. were

　　C. will be D. would have

　　【分析】 B 根据情景,题中的“我”希望自己现在是个百万富翁。

　　5. 在would rather后的宾语从句中,常用过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反的愿望,用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望。如:

　　Most insurance agents would rather youanything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.

　　A. won’t do B. don’t do

　　C. wouldn’t do D. didn’t do

　　【分析】 D would rather后的宾语从句中一般不用“would+动词原形”。

　　1. Your face suggests that youvery well, but I suggest wetill the result comes out.

　　A. have done, shall wait

　　B. had done, waited

　　C. have done, should wait

　　D. had done, would wait

　　2. —What do you think of the reconstruction work?

　　—I think it is a thing of importance that itdone soon.

　　A. is B. is to be

　　C. be D. to be

　　3. It is my requirement that our plan for the projectas soon as possible.

　　A. is carried out B. will be carried out

　　C. must be carried out D. be carried out

　　4. The leaders from the Education Department demanded all the problemssolved by the deadline.

　　A. refer to be B. refer to being

　　C. referred to being D. referred to be

　　5. The doctor insisted that the patientup smoking.

　　A. would give B. give

　　C. gives D. gave

　　6. Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, my adopted daughter who has found them wishes that shethe experience of meeting them.

　　A. hadn’t B. didn’t have had

　　C. hadn’t had D. hadn’t have

　　7. I’d rather youby train, though it’s a bit slower, you would have a better view along the road.

　　A. would go B. should go

　　C. went D. had gone

　　8. It is natural that economic crisisin developed countries every few years.

　　A. arise B. arises

　　C. to arise D. arising

　　9. Many people who favor a change in the system urge that awardsevenly.

　　A. be allocated B. are allocated

　　C. should allocate D. must allocate

　　10. Mr. Smith recommended that the girlmore reading in Chinese.

　　A. will do B. do

　　C. does D. doing