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题目
合成形容词的构词概念
有哪些词可以构成合成形容词?怎样构成?

提问时间:2020-08-03

答案
合成形容词的构成
构词形式有多种多样,其中合成形容词也是一种.合成形容词由连字符把两个或两个以上的词连接起来,用作定语.如:a south-facing window,adried-up river,a twelve-year-old girl.现将常见的合成形容词配以例句分类归纳如下:
1.形容词+名词+ed
People had come to love him as an inspiring leader and a wise warm-hearted,honest man.他(林肯)作为一位具有感召力的领袖,又是一个聪明、热情和诚实的人,人民开始爱戴他.
But for a cold-blooded creature such as a frog or a snake it is a different matter.但是对于冷血动物,诸如青蛙或蛇,情况就不同了.
又如:a bad-tempered man一个坏脾气的人;a left-handed man一个左撇子;
2.名词+过去分词
Many countries have set up man-made satellites to circle the earth.许多国家已发射了人造卫星环绕地球.
She cried at the heart-broken news.
知道这个令人心碎的消息,她嚎啕大哭起来.
又如:a water-covered field一片水田;hand-made works手工制品;……
3.副词+过去分词
There he received a letter inviting him to go to the United States to teach at awell-known research institute at Princeton.在那里,他收到一封信,邀请他到美国普林斯顿一家著名的研究院去教书.
Dozens of better-trained persons had been turned down before me.在我之前已经有了几十个比我受过更好训练的人都没有被录用.
又如:a quickly-cured patient一个很快治愈的病人; a highly-developed in-dustry高度发展的工业;……
4.名词+现在分词
The eyes of millions of freedom-loving Canadians,Americans,and English-men are turned to the East….千百万爱好自由的加拿大人、美国人和英国人都望着东方…….
又如:earth-shaking changes翻天覆地的变化;a man-eating society一个吃人的社会;……
5.形容词+现在分词
He was an ordinary-looking little man with thick glasses.他是个身材不高、相貌平常、戴着深度眼镜的人.
Her easy-going nature made her popular.她那随和的天性赢得大家的喜爱.
又如:a familiar-sounding name听起来熟悉的名字,an ill-fitting dress一件不合身的衣服;……
6.副词+现在分词
She was a simple,practical and hard-working woman.她是个衣着朴素、实事求是而又勤劳的妇女.
The government has made many far-reaching decisions.政府已作出许多意义深远的决定.
又如:never-ending dispute无休止的辩论,fast-spreading rumours快速流传的谣言;……
7.数词+名词或形容词
I'd like to see your ten-speed bicycle.我很想看看你的十速自行车.
Each student gave the waiter a ten-dollar note.每个学生都递给那侍者一张十美元的钞票.
又如:a second-hand bookstore一家旧书店;a 100-metre dash一百米赛跑;a six-storeyed building一座六层楼房子;
8.名词+形容词或形容词+名词
Although Princeton,New Jersey,has a world-famous university,it is still asmall quiet town.新泽西州普林斯顿虽有一所世界闻名的大学,但仍是一个安静的小城镇.
Now there are fast-food restaurants in countries all over the world.现在世界各国都有快餐店.
又如:a full-time job一项专职工作; a water-tight-boot一只雨靴;
9.一些固定的短语或习语
We have bought an up-to-date office computer.我们购置了一台最新式的办公室用的计算机.
He came from a well-to-do family.他出身于小康之家.
又如:an out-of-date model一套过时模式;an out-of-print book一本绝版本;an out-of-the-way village一个荒僻的村庄;a touch-and-go situation一触即发的形势;an on-the-spot investigation一次现场调查.
10.由名词与名词、代词与代词、副词与副词构成合成形容词
Have you bought an English-Chinese Dictionary?
你买英汉词典了吗?
They went to such-and-such a place.他们去某某一个地方了.
He talked of far-away places and experiences.他谈到了一些遥远的地方及其经历.
又如:a heart-to-heart talk一次推心置腹的谈话; an out-and-out liar一个十足的说谎大王;……
以上是合成形容词的常见构成形式.假如初学者用这些词多造句,定会有所裨益.
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