题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Once, there lived a young short monk in a temple on top of a hill, caring for his vegetable garden. He had one daily task of carryingtwo 1 of water up the hill from a cold stream. Rain or shine, he never 2 a day carrying water up the mountain to the temple. One day, a thin and tall 3 monk passed the temple and the young monk invited him to 4 . Since they would share the water, they went down the mountain together to fetch water. But the carrying pole is only 5 enough for one bucket. The two monks were unable to 6 the shared load on their carrying pole without shaking the contents of the two buckets all over the short monk. They 7 to retain（保留） only a small 8 of water that the young monk would have carried on his own, not mentioning to 9 the garden. When the young monk began to see his guest as 10 , the other monk began to see his host as unreasonable. Then a 11 monk came. The 12 of the third monk urged everyone to expect that someone else would take on the chore. As a result, no one fetched water though everybody was 13 . One night, a rat jumped and knocked the candleholder（烛台）, leading to a devastating(毁坏性的) 14 in the temple. The three monks finally united together to put out the fire. Since then they understood the old saying "unity is strength" and begin to live a 15 life. The temple never lacks water again.
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小题5:A. short B. straight C long. D. strong
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:C
小题6:A
小题7:B
小题8:D
小题9:D
小题10:C
小题11:C
小题12:B
小题13:C
小题14:A
小题15:D
解析
小题1:名词辨析。A桶；B碗；C瓶；D杯子；根据句意可知这里是指和尚每天都提两桶水上山。
小题2:动词辨析。A失去；B抽出；C错过；D花费；这里是指无论刮风下雨，他都不会忘记提水。
小题3:词义辨析。根据文章可知是指一位云游和尚来到这里。
小题4:动词辨析。根据文章内容可知他邀请这位和尚留下来做伴。
小题5:形容词辨析。根据句意可知：挑水的杆只够一只桶的长度，所以两个和尚在抬水的时候，无法避免的要泼掉很多水，最终剩下的水为数不多了。
小题6:动词辨析。A平衡；B系紧，加固；C抬起；D握住；结合句意可知是两个和尚在抬水的时候要维持住平衡。
小题7:上下文串联。这里是指他们成功的剩下一小部分的水，没有全部泼掉。
小题8:固定词组。An amount of许多；
小题9:短语辨析。A寻找；B看；D照顾,关心;喜欢；这里是指他们抬上来的水已经很少了，更不要提照顾花园。
小题10:形容词辨析。A不开心；B难以忘记；C忘恩负义的；D没有联系的；这里是指第一位和尚把第二位和尚当成是忘恩负义的人。
小题11:上下文串联。根据下文可知来了第三位和尚。
小题12:名词辨析。A错误；B到来；C死亡；D离开。这里是指第三个和尚的到来让他们都指望另外一个人去提水。
小题13:形容词辨析。A劳累的；B饥饿的；C口渴的；D生气的。句意：尽管每个人都很口渴，但却没有人去取水。
小题14:上下文串联。根据下文可知是发生了一场大火。
小题15:形容词辨析。这场大火让他们意识到团结就是力量。他们重新过上了和谐的生活。
核心考点
试题【阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Once, there lived a young 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
That first 10,000m race was quite an experience. I jogged, I walked, I jogged and I walked 37 , I didn’t know if I could finish. Then came a defining (决定性) 38 .
At one point near the end, a 70-year-old man ran past me, very, very fast, and I felt 39 because I was 50 years younger than he but I couldn’t even keep up with him. I felt 40 for a second.
But then I realized something. He was running his race and I was running mine. He had 41 abilities, experience, training and goals for himself. I had mine. Remember my 42 was only to finish.
After a minute, it 43 me that this was a lesson I could draw from. I learned something about myself in that moment. I turned my embarrassment into 44 .
I decided that I would not give up on running races. In fact, I would run even more races and I would learn how to train and prepare 45 and one day I would be one of those 70-year-old persons who were still running. As I crossed the finish line, I was proud of my accomplishment. In life we all have those moments where we 46 ourselves to others. It’s only natural . Don’t allow those moments to 47 you. Turn them into motivation and let them inspire you. With the proper preparation and training, you can improve your result to 48 anything you want in life.
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However, to get time for lunch was really difficult be-cause he didn’t have anybody to help him at that time. Therefore, it was his daily practice that whichever customer was shopping at 1:00 p.m. would be asked to oversee (看管) the shop until the shopkeeper returned from lunch.
One day, a group of four thieves planned to steal from his shop while he was gone for lunch. One of the thieves went at 1:00 p.m. to be the customer that would be asked to oversee the shop.
The thief, pretending to be a customer, went in at 1:00 p.m. and started buying several items. As planned, the shop-keeper asked the thief to sit on his chair for thirty minutes until he returned from lunch.
Then, the other three thieves quickly came and told the pretend customer to help, but something had changed within him and he knew deeply in his heart that if he was given responsibility for the shop, he should not perform any dishonest acts during that time. His friends did not agree. As the now honest man tried to stop them, they resisted (抵抗) and a fight started. And at the same time the shopkeeper returned and asked why there was a fighting. The now honest man explained the entire plan.
The shopkeeper had been searching for an honest man who could take ownership of the shop and run it. The shop-keeper felt that he had found the right man.
小题1:What is the problem for the shopkeeper?
| A．Nobody could prepare lunch for him every day. |
| B．He had nobody to keep the shop when he went for lunch. |
| C．He was too busy to have lunch every day. |
| D．He couldn’t find a person to work at the shop. |
| A．Because he thought he would be asked to keep the shop. |
| B．Because the shopkeeper invited him to lunch then. |
| C．Because the shop was closed at that time. |
| D．Because he thought he could buy cheap things then. |
| A．everything in his shop was stolen |
| B．the thief became the new owner of the shop |
| C．there was a fighting in his shop |
| D．the thief helped his fellows steal things from his shop |
| A．once a thief, he will always be a thief |
| B．an honest man will be responsible for his action |
| C．you can’t believe in a dishonest man forever |
| D．trust can change a thief into an honest man |
In those days the sun seemed to shine always 29 and the water was always warm. Sometimes we left beach and walked in the country, 30 ruined houses and dark woods and climbing trees. There were sweets in one’s pockets or good places where one could 31 ice creams. Each day seemed a life-time.
32 I am now thirty-five years old, my idea of a good holiday is much the same as it was. I 33 like the sun and warm sand and the sound of 34 beating (拍打) the rocks. I no longer wish to 35 any sand house or sand garden, and I dislike sweets. 36 , I still love the sea and often feel sand running through my fingers.
Sometimes I 37 what my ideal(理想的) holiday will be like when I am old . 38 I want to do then, perhaps, will be to lie in bed, reading books about 39 who make houses and gardens with sands, who watch the incoming tide, who make themselves 40 on too many ices creams.
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The telephone rang. I 37 it and went to my bedroom to bury the continuous 38 , knowing it must be my friend Rebecca calling. How could I be 39 ? I wanted to be left 40 .
My heart felt as 41 as the falling snow. 42 can I stop missing my mother?
I 43 the window. Seeing Rebecca’s car parked out front, I went back to my bed and drew the covers over my head.
“Lucy!” she shouted. “I know you’re in there. Answer the door!”
“Leave me alone!” I 44 back. I heard paper rustling(沙沙作响) as she slid 45 under the door.
“Merry Christmas, ” she called out.
Not answering the 46 made me even 47. It wasn’t fair to my best friend. Her father and sister 48 in a car accident when she was eight years old. 49 , her mother had to return to 50 , and Rebecca was left to look after herself.
When she left, I carried the small package, sat down and 51 it. Inside was a golden pen and a journal. When I opened the journal’s front cover, out fell a bookmark with a(n) 52 written on it:
Dear Lucy,
My words won’t heal（治愈）the 53 . But your own words can.
Love,
Rebecca
As I stared at the journal’s blank pages, a single tear fell on the page which quickly absorbed it.
That night, I 54 the phone and dialed her number.
“Looks like the snow is melting(融化), ” I said. “Spring was just ___55____the corner.”
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Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions．They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors．There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought （学派）on the matter have developed．As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory．The controversy（argument) is often referred to as “nature and nurture（教育）”．
Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetic factors．That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics, and behavior is central to this theory．Taken to an extreme(走极端）, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts（本能）．
Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claimed that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act．A behaviorist, B．F．Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings．The behaviorists’ view of the human being is quite mechanistic（机械论的）; they maintain that, like machines, humans’ respond to environmental stimuli（刺激） as the basis of their behavior．
Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching．In the US, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests．This leads some proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites．Behaviorists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do．
Either of these theories cannot yet fully explain human behavior．In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain．
小题1:This passage is mainly concerned with ．
| A．relation between personality and behavior |
| B．relation between behavior and environment |
| C．different accounts of patterns of human behavior |
| D．different theories of the formation of human behavior |
| A．creators | B．advisors |
| C．supporters | D．judges |
| A．the considerable（值得考虑的） influence of the two theories |
| B．differences between the blacks and whites |
| C．racial discrimination in the United States |
| D．different responds to intelligence tests |
| A．To call our attention to the changes of human behavior． |
| B．To urge scientists to do more research in social science． |
| C．To give us a detailed explanation of human behavior． |
| D．To present an argument in the field of social science． |
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