题目
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disease,also known as sleeping sickness. The drugs will be given out in Uganda and the Democratic
Republic of the Congo.
Officials says the new treatment has fewer side effects. It is also more effective and less costly than
the drugs traditionally used. In addition,the new treatment reduces the number of injections needed. And
it shortens the amount of time patients must spend in hospital.
Sleeping sickness threatens millions of people in 36 countries in Africa. Most live in poor rural areas.
The disease is caused by the trypanosoma parasite(寄生物). It is spread to humans through the bite of
infected tsetse flies. Common signs of sleeping sickness include fever,headaches,extreme tiredness and
pain in the muscles and joints. Early identification of the disease may be difficult because many infected
people do not show any immediate symptoms. Over time,the parasites invade the central nervous system. The disease causes sleep disorders,mental confusion,personality changes and speech problems. If left
untreated,sleeping sickness kills.
It"s estimated that about 60,000 people are currently infected with the disease. It develops in two
different forms. Trypanosoma gambiense is responsible for 90% of the reported cases of sleeping
sickness. People infected with this form may develop the disease over many years without any major
symptoms. Until now the drug melarsoprol is used to treat patients in the advanced stage of sleeping
sickness. But the drug requires many painful injections several times a day for several weeks. It also
causes bad side effects,some of which can be deadly.
In Uganda,a new study has confirmed earlier research linking the spread of sleeping sickness to
infected farm animals. The writers of the study have called for stronger rules requiring cattle to be treated
before being sold at market.
1. The following are the advantages of the new treatment EXCEPT ________.
A. having an intended effect
B. low price
C. reducing injections and hospitalization
D. no bad side effects
2. It is hard to identify sleeping sickness in the early stage because ________.
A. it is spread to humans through the bite of infected tsetse flies
B. the infected patients live in poor conditions
C. there are so many infected people in Africa
D. the symptoms of the disease doesn"t occur at once
3. Which of the following statements is WRONG?
A. Nine people in ten infected with sleeping sickness in Africa result from trypanosoma gambiense.
B. The invasion of sleeping sickness may lead to death.
C. The drug melarsoprol is used to treat patients in the early stage of sleeping sickness.
D. There are many disadvantages for the drug melarsoprol to control sleeping sickness.
4. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________.
A. farm animals infected by trypanosoma parasite is a main source of sleeping sickness
B. all the animals must be get rid of by the government
C. there isn"t any rules requiring cattle to be treated before being sold at market in Uganda
D. cattle is forbidden to enter the market before being infected by trypanosoma parasite
5. The passage is primarily written to ________.
A. explain the importance of good sleep habits
B. provide the latest medical treatment information
C. prevent African trypanosomiasis disease
D. introduce the common signs of sleeping sickness
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解 The World Health Organization is using a new combination of drugs to t】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
People were asked to stop smoking in a range of public places-such as doctors" surgeries,cinemas,
theatres and churches-over the second half of the 20th century but it was after the King"s Cross
Underground fire on November 18,1987,caused by a cigarette end which resulted in 31 deaths,that
restrictions on smoking in public places gained rapid and widespread acceptance.
How did a ban on smoking in public places come into place?
In 1998 the Smoking Kills White Paper set out a national strategy to reduce smoking prevalence(流
行)and passive smoking,including in public places. The measures were voluntary and poorly carried out.
After a public conference in England in 2004,the Government decided to choose for lawmaking.
Scotland went first,with a ban in 2006,followed by the other nations a year later.
What is the current law?
Any person who smokes in enclosed public places,including pubs,offices,on public transport and
work vehicles,is breaking the law. It does not extend to private houses. It is also an offence for people
in charge of premises to permit others to smoke in them.
How was it received?
It was welcomed by most organizations-except for some pub owners and restaurateurs. Many
workplaces in the UK had already introduced smokefree policies consistent with the legislation(法律,
法规)before it was carried out,while others have gone beyond its basic requirements.
All railway facilities,including platforms,footbridges and other areas-whether or not fitting the
definition of an enclosed public space-are covered,as are all football grounds and some cricket and
athletics stadiums. School grounds are not required to be smokefree under the legislation,but the majority
now are.
How has it been forced?
Compliance(服从)in public premises has been high,with inspections suggesting that 99 percent of
places were sticking to the rules.The number of people charged for smoking in cars has been very low,
which was due to the problems defining and identifying "work" vehicles. They said that a total ban on
smoking in vehicles would end this confusion.
Has it improved health?
Studies in early adopters of the law,including in Scotland,suggest a reduction in hospital admissions for
heart disease,which has been shown to be linked to passive smoking. There is also strong evidence of
improved rates of smoking end and a drop in the number of cigarettes consumed by those who continue
to smoke.
1. When did the first law come out to ban smoking in public places?
A. 1987.
B. 1998.
C. 2004.
D. 2006.
2. Which of the following behaviors may NOT be against the law?
A. Jack often smokes in the office when he is alone.
B. A taxi driver is smoking with a lady in his car.
C. Tom smokes while thinking of his future at home.
D. Max smokes for relaxation during timeout in the stadium.
3. Who might feel unhappy about the law according to the article?
A. A restaurant owner.
B. A company manager.
C. A car owner.
D. A policy maker.
4. What can you infer from the article?
A. Most heart diseases have been proved to be linked to passive smoking.
B. A new law will soon come out with a total ban on smoking in vehicles.
C. The 1987 fire has convinced more people that smoking is bad for health.
D. Most of the school grounds are not smokefree,as it is not banned in the law.
and writing paper.No notebooks, no textbooks, no test paper.Nor are there any pencils or pens, which
always seem to run out of ink at the critical moment.A"paperless classroom"is what more and more
schools are trying to achieve.
Students don"t do any handwriting in this class.Instead, they use palm size, or speciallydesigned
computers.The teacher downloads texts from Internet libraries and sends them to every student"s
personal computer.
Having computers also means that students can use the Web.They can look up information on any
subject they"re studying from maths to social science.
High school teacher Judy Herrell in Florida, US, described how her class used the Web to learn
about the war in Afganistan(阿富汗) over one year ago.
"We could touch every side of the country through different sites from the forest to refugee camps
(难民营), "she said."Using a book that"s three or four years old is impossible."
And exams can go online too.At a high school in Tennessee, US, students take tests on their own
computers.The teacher records the grades on the network for everyone to see and then copies them to
his own electronic grade book.
A paperless classroom is a big step towards reducing the waste of paper. High school teacher
Stephanie Sorrell in Kentucky US said she used to give about 900 pieces of paper each week to each
student.
"Think about the money and trees we could save with the computers, "she said. But, with all this
technology, there"s always the risk that the machines will break down. So, in case of a power failure or
technical problems, paper textbooks are still widely available for these hitech students.
1. What does the part of the last but one sentence in the first paragraph, "run out of ink at the critical
moment" mean?
A. Pens may not write welt at the critical moment.
B. Pens get lost easily, so you may not find them at the critical moment.
C. Pens may have little or no ink at the critical moment.
D. Pens use ink, while pencils don"t.
2. In a paperless classroom, what is a must?
A. Pens.
B. Computers.
C. Information.
D. Texts.
3. The high school teacher, Judy Herrell, used the example of her class to show that________.
A. the Web could take them everywhere
B. the Web taught them a lot
C. the Web is a good tool for information
D. the Web, better than the textbooks, can give the latest and comprehensive(全面的) information
4. The paperless classrooms will benefit ________ the most.
A. students
B. teachers
C. trees
D. computers
5. What does the phrase in the last paragraph, "break down", mean?
A. Break into pieces.
B. Stop working.
C. Fall down.
D. Lose control.
people and animals, Scientists at Hebrew University in Jerusalem developed the sugary bait by combining
fruit juice oils and boric acid (硼酸). The fruit juice oils get the attention of the mosquitoes, and the boric
acid kills the insects when they eat it.
The scientists took the sweet boric acid bait to the West African nation of Mali. They sprayed (喷洒) it on the plants near the man-made ponds which are home to "Anopheles Gambiae", the mosquitoes that
carry the most deadly form of malaria (疟疾). The researchers also placed a sweet-smelling spray on the grasses near other ponds. But it contained no boric acid. Both of the substances also contained a
substance that would mark any mosquito that came in contact with the bait.In this way the scientists
could count the mosquitoes that fed on it. Yosef Schlein, an expert on the insects that affect human healh，led the sweet bait research. He says thirty-eight days of results show the sweet boric acid bait proved very effective in killing mosquitoes. At the ponds treated only with sweet-smelling bait, Professor Schlein says, more than seventy-five percent of mosquitoes fed on the false bait. He says most people do not know that female mosquitoes feed on sweet plant nectar to survive.
The Israeli researchers now hope to develop a bait that is even more desirable to the malaria
mosquitoes.
Boric acid is generally safe for human beings and other mammals. Professor Schlein says scientists
might be able to develop a mosquito bait for enclosed spaces. Boric acid has been used to kill other
insects, including cockroaches, termites and ants inside homes since the middle of last century.
B. It attracts the mosquitoes but fails to kill them most of the time.
C. It is actually created by Professor Schlein.
D. It is a mixture of fruit juice oils and boric acid.
B. The fruit juice oil.
C. A sweetsmelling spray with boric acid.
D. The sweet boric acid bait.
B. He is an expert on the substances that affect human health.
C. He thinks the sweet boric acid bait kills the malaria mosquitoes very effectively.
D. He thinks most people know female mosquitoes feed on sweet plant nectar to survive.
B. the new mosquito killer has been widely used in Africa.
C. malaria will become the most dangerous disease in the poorest areas of Africa.
D. the Israeli researchers want to develop a substance more attractive to the mosquitoes.
nightmare. Some parents try to get rid of half of the candy after their children go to bed, but dentists
say parents also need to separate the good kinds of treats from the bad ones.
It is not exactly what a child eats that truly matters, but how much time it stays in his mouth.
According to pediatric dentist Dr. Kaneta Lott, the most damaging stuff is something that is sticky or
very hard and thus stays in the mouth for a long time.This is because we all have bacteria in our mouths.
When we eat, the bacteria take our food as their food and produce an acid that destroys the surface
of the teeth, causing cavities to form. The longer the food stays in the mouth, the more likely cavities
will develop. Therefore, potato chips are worse than candy because they get stuck between teeth. For
the same reason, raisins and crackers are not the best choice. Hard candies take a long time to
consume and are also a bad choice for Halloween treats.
If children really love candy, dentists recommend that they eat chocolate instead. Unlike hard
candies, chocolate dissolves quickly in the mouth.Besides, chocolate contains tannins, which help to
kill some of the bacteria in the mouth.But no matter what a child eats, brushing after each meal is still
the best way to fight cavities.
B. To point out the problems with Halloween celebrations.
C. To tell parents what sweets are less damaging to their children’s teeth.
D. To teach parents the meaning of Halloween candy for their children.
B. They contain too much sugar.
C. They help bacteria to produce tannins.
D. They stay in the mouth for a long time.
B. Crackers.
C. Raisins.
D. Potato chips.
B. They help to get rid of some bacteria in the mouth.
C. They help chocolate to dissolve more quickly.
D. They destroy the surface of the teeth.
I have allergies(过敏反应). It feels like something is in my throat. What is it and what should I do to
help it?
Christa
Dear Christa:
You might be feeling mucous in your throat.The membranes there make mucus to keep nasal
passages(鼻腔)moist and clean and to warm the air that we breathe.But sometimes our bodies make
too much mucus, and it can collect at the back of the throat. Drinking lots of liquids, especially warm
ones, may help.
Dear Dr. Cory:
Sometimes when I don’t wear any socks with my shoes I get blisters(水疱). What are blisters? How
can I avoid them?
Jacy
Dear Jacy:
Blisters occur when something(like the back of your shoe)rubs against your skin and causes tiny
blood vessels to leak fluid(液体). The blister acts like a pillow to protect damaged skin while it repairs
itself.
The best way to prevent blisters is to avoid“rubbing”spots.If the problem is your shoes, wear socks
and shoes that fit to help prevent blisters.
Dear Dr. Cory:
I like reading your column. It tells me a lot about the body and how it works. I have a question for
you: I have not been airing my feet out lately and the bottoms of them have been turning crisp(起皱的)
and the skin is peeling. Why?
Aaron
Dear Aaron:
People whose feet get wet or sweaty while wearing shoes may develop athlete"s foot, caused by a
fungus that likes warm, damp skin. The fungus is easily passed from one person to another, so public
places such as locker rooms or showers are real hot spots. It"s most common during summer in people
who rarely remove their shoes, and in people who sweat a lot. It can cause bumps, redness, itching,
and peeling of the skin, often between the toes.
Anti-fungus cream, now available without a prescription(处方), cures the infection. Your doctor or
health care provider can help find the cause of the problem.
B. Let it be for it can repair itself.
C. Consult a doctor immediately.
D. Remove the mucus immediately.
B. Dr.Cory often writes some books about health.
C. Athletes are more likely to have foot problems.
D. You can cure infection without the help of doctors.
B. wearing suitable socks and shoes can prevent blisters
C. blood vessels will leak fluid if rubbed
D. the best way to cure blisters is to avoid rubbing spots
B. not airing his feet out
C. fungus
D. rarely removing his shoes
B. health problems
C. suggestions about diet
D. knowledge about medicine
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