题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
In the study,researchers had twenty women wear two pairs of shoes with three-inch heels,one with a narrow heel and the other with a thick one.The scientists compared how much pressure was put on the women’s knees by both types of shoes.The women also walked bare-foot to test normal pressure.The scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees.Compared with walking barefoot,the heels increased pressure on the inside of the knee by 26 percent.Increased pressure on the knee eventually leads to arthritis,experts say.
The idea that high heels are bad for your health isn’t new—scientists have warned women for years that they contribute to problems ranging from corns to hammer toes,tendonitis,knee pain,sprained(扭伤)ankles and back problems.But in 1998,Kerrigan and a team of Harvard researchers were the first to link high heels and knee osteoarthritis,a painful joint disease that destroys cartilage(软骨)surrounding the knee.The first study looked only at stiletto heels,and Kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky high-heeled shoes she noticed many women wearing.“This study confirms what we all intuitively(直觉地)know that high-heeled shoes of any kind are not good for our health,”said Dr.Glem Pfeffer,a San Francisco doctor and member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons who was not connected to the study.
小题1:We learn from the passage that women choose chunky heels because _________.
A.they want to walk comfortably |
B.chunky heeled shoes are cheaper than stiletto heeled pairs |
C.chunky heels do less harm to knees |
D.chunky heels are not painful at all |
A.pressure on the foot is caused by high heels |
B.the pressure is abnormal while walking barefoot |
C.arthritis is always caused by pressure on the knees |
D.both types of shoes have the same harm to the knees |
A.people got to know the high heels are bad for health recently |
B.people have known the high heels are bad for health for years |
C.people haven’t known the high heels are bad for health yet |
D.people will be warned that the high heels are bad for health soon |
A.they feel more comfortable |
B.they are related to knee osteoarthritis |
C.they are worn by many women |
D.they are different from stiletto heels |
A.Talking Healthy Knees into Consideration |
B.High-heels Do Harm to Knees |
C.Chunky Heels and Stiletto Heels |
D.When Wearing High-heels |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C
小题5:B
解析
小题1::细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Wideheeled shoes feel comfortable,so women wear them all day long”可知妇女选择粗高跟鞋是因为粗高跟鞋穿着舒服,A项与此意思相符。
小题2:推理判断题。从第二段中的“The scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees.”可知,两种高跟鞋给膝关节带来的压力是等量的,所以它们对膝关节的伤害是一样的。
小题3:细节理解题。根据第三段开头“The idea that high heels are bad for your health isn’t new—scientists have warned women for years that...”可知B项与此一致。
小题4:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The first study looked only at stiletto heels,and Kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky highheeled shoes she noticed many women wearing.”可见,起初的研究对象只是细高跟鞋,Kerrigan后来对粗高跟鞋进行调查研究是因为她注意到许多妇女穿着粗高跟鞋。
小题5:主旨大意题。本文主要论述了鞋跟粗厚的高跟鞋和鞋跟细高的高跟鞋一样,都对膝关节有损害。所以B选项“高跟鞋伤害膝关节”是最佳选项。
核心考点
试题【Healthy knees aren’t the main consideration in choosing high heels,but new resea】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The number of survivors in need of food aid after the Indian Ocean disaster has climbed to 5 million people.They stretch from Somalia to Thailand,and the figure could rise further,the United Nations has said.
Relief teams hope to reach all of the estimated 700 000 hungry in Sri Lanka within three more days.It could take longer before enough food aid gets to the nearly 1 million people in need in hard-to-reach parts of Indonesia.Another serious problem is the need for purified water.
Although aid had poured in from all over the world to the disaster areas,“Logistics is the big problem here—just getting the stuff out to people who need it,”said Ron Libby,emergency management specialist at the USA agency for International Development.
Relief efforts are hindered by the difficulty of delivering aid to the more than 1000 islands scattered across hundreds of kilometers of ocean.
For those who survived the tsunami"s force,disease is now the No.1 problem.Five million people are short of water,food and basic sanitation across the region.World Health Organization(WHO) crisis chief David Navarro said 50 000 more people could die from disease and other causes,as has been the case in previous humanitarian emergencies.
WHO said it had already received a handful of reports of malaria(疟疾) and dengue fever(登革热) and hundreds of reports of diarrhea(腹泻) and infected wounds.It said millions of water purification tablets had been sent to Asia,along with sanitation engineers to rebuild water sanitation infrastructure.
Psychologists are warning that mental health problems caused by the tsunami could prove harder to resolve than the physical damage.
Some survivors say they are plagued by recurring nightmares about walls of water.Many locals are afraid to return to beachside homes.Officials also warn that suicide rates could rise dramatically as parents struggle with guilt at losing children.
Psychologists estimate that 20 to 30 per cent of people who face traumatic events eventually develop symptoms,such as alcohol abuse,lack of concentration at work and an inability to develop close relationships.
Although the Thai Government has offered to build temporary beachside housing,many refugee families are refusing to come down from the hills.Others are afraid to go back to jobs on the sea.
Over 150 000 people were killed by the tsunami,but hundreds and thousands more have been left with no means to earn a living.
In the village of Akirapettai in India,all that is left is the twisted wreckage of the fishing fleet.Dakshina Murti,a fisherman,not only lost three family members,but also lost his boats,his nets,everything.
“Everything"s gone,”he says.With no government aid so far,all he has is a wreck.There are several million people who suffered the same experience.Homes have been destroyed,as well as wharves,docks,and sheds.
For now,rebuilding the economy remains a distant concept.
小题1:This passage is mainly about _________that happened around the Indian Oceans.
A.the causes of the tsunami | B.the result after the tsunami |
C.the sign of the tsunami | D.the warning of the tsunami |
A.is not more than 5 million | B.is less than 5 million |
C.has reached 5 million | D.won"t reach 5 million |
A.disease | B.food | C.water | D.house |
A.Dengue fever | B.diarrhea | C.Malaria | D.mental health problem |
She was transferred to a specialized hospital in the San Francisco Bay area.Whatever therapies could be applied to her case were used.The therapists were charmed by her undefeatable spirit.They taught her about imaging—about seeing herself walking.If it would do nothing else,it would at least give her hope and something positive to do in the long waking hours in her bed.Angela would work as hard as possible in physical therapy,in whirlpools and in exercise sessions.But she worked just as hard lying there faithfully doing her imaging;visualizing herself moving,moving,moving!
One day,as she was staining with all her might to imagine her legs moving again,it seemed as though a miracle happened:The bed moved!It began to move around the room!She screamed out,“Look what I’m doing!Look!Look!I can do it!I moved,I moved!”
Of course,at this very moment everyone else in the hospital was screaming,too,and running for cover.People were screaming,equipment was falling and glass was breaking.You see,it was the recent San Francisco earthquake.But don’t tell that to Angela.She’s convinced that she did it.And now only a few years later,she’s back in school. You see,anyone who can shake the earth between San Francisco and Oakland can conquer a piddling little disease,can’t they?
小题1:The underlined word “undaunted” in the first paragraph can probably be replaced by _________.
A.encouraged | B.not discouraged | C.losing heart | D.excited |
A.The girl got over her disease just by imagining. |
B.It was because of her strong determination and constant efforts that she got walking again. |
C.The girl was on top of the world when she moved the bed in her room. |
D.Doctors believe imagining being healthy helps patients recover. |
A.where there is a will,there is a way |
B.a person who is strong enough to shake the earth can get over any disease |
C.just as it is impossible for one to shake the earth,so it is to conquer a serious disease |
D.though one can shake the earth,he can’t defeat a little disease |
A.Did The Earth Move For You? |
B.A Miracle Made by a Young Girl |
C.A Young Girl Conquered Disease |
D.Strong Will Defeats Illness |
With the outbreak of SARS,everyone tried to avoid coming into close contact with each other.In those days,interpersonal distance increased,“close contact” almost became synonymous with “danger”,and even children couldn’t have close contact with their mothers.Now SARS has disappeared,and we return back to normal living again.Then,how can we do handle interpersonal distance in our everyday lives?
Studies show that interpersonal distance can be divided into 4 different types:intimate distance,personal distance,social distance,and public distance.
Intimate distance is the interpersonal distance of a person with the people closest to him or her.It ranges from 0 to 45 cm.When a stranger comes within this distance,a person will have strong negative reaction.In crowded buses,strangers usually maintain rigid poses and try to avoid body contact,but couples,lovers,children and their mothers usually lean close to each other.Intimates who aren’t able to live close together for a long time can become alienated.Also,touching is also very important.A contrast test shows that the nervous systems of babies who are often caressed by their mothers develop much faster and their weight increases faster,by 47%,than that of other babies.
Personal distance ranges from 45 cm to 1 m.People can converse genially at this distance without invading each other’s personal space.When friends and acquaintances meet on the street,they usually greet and converse at this distance.
Social distance generally ranges from 1 m to 3 m.Among this range,1-2 m is usually the distance in which people deal with private affairs in social activities.For example,when you get money from banks,in order to protect your privacy,other customers are required to stand at least 1 m away from you.2-3.5 m is a farther social distance.Business talks usually occur at this distance.Besides talking,proper eye contact is also indispensable.Otherwise,each side will feel disrespected.
Public distance is usually used in public gatherings.It generally ranges from 3.5 m to about 7 m.Beyond this range,people can’t communicate using a normal voice.In classrooms,experienced teachers usually leave their lecture platforms to enhance their teaching.
Under different cultural contexts,the interpersonal distance differs slightly,but its basic laws are the same.When conversing,people in love lean very close to each other,acquaintances lean closer than strangers,females lean closer than males,and extraverts lean closer than introverts.In life,harmonious interpersonal relationships are set upon proper interpersonal distances,and some conflicts start from improper interpersonal distances.
小题1:According to the text,the strangers standing close to each other in a crowded bus may_________.
A.try to keep a distance away | B.feel uneasy |
C.feel nervous | D.be rude to each other |
A.intimate distance C.personal distance
C.social distance D.public distance
小题3:The interpersonal distance between two people is mainly determined by _________.
A.how familiar they are with each other | B.their relationship in a special activity |
C.their characters | D.their cultural background |
A.it makes people feel respected or loved |
B.it helps to protect privacy |
C.wrong interpersonal distance may result in misunderstanding |
D.improper interpersonal distance may hurt others |
During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”, that’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak(最高峰). For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why it is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues(自言自语)as: “Get up, John! You’ll be late for work again!” the possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature—and—energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract(对抗)your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn(呵欠)and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
小题1:If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ______.
A.he is a lazy person
B.he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C.he is not sure when his energy is low
D he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
小题2: Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?
A.Not knowing about the energy cycle |
B.Familiar monologues |
C.A change in a family member’s energy cycle |
D.Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members |
A.change his energy cycle | B.overcome his laziness |
C.get up earlier than usual | D.go to bed earlier |
A.help to keep your energy for the day’s work |
B.help you to control your temper early in the day |
C.enable you to concentrate on your routine work |
D.keep your energy cycle under control all day |
Health experts have discovered that adding low-calorie vegetable soup to the start of a meal can actually help to lose weight. Because you tend to feel full sooner, you eat less of your main course.
The soup method was tested by researchers at Pennsylvania State University, led by Dr Barbara Rolls. They found that when participants in the study ate a first course of soup before lunch they reduced their total calorie intake by 20 per cent, compared with those who did not begin the meal with soup. But those who favour creamy soups should beware. Researchers stressed the soup must be low-calorie and based on stock, not cream.
All of the soups tested in the study were made from the same elements—chicken stock (原汁鸡汤), broccoli (菜花), potato, cauliflower (花椰菜) and carrots. They were mixed together to create four different textures and thickness from separate stock and vegetables through to pureed (蔬菜泥) soup.
Scientists thought that thick soups with thick pieces of vegetables which required chewing might be more filling, but to their surprise they found all forms had the same effect. The findings were presented to the Experimental Biology conference in Washington, DC, and the research was part funded by the National Institutes of Health.
小题1:The passage mainly discusses _____.
A.how to lose weight in a simple way | B.what kind of soup to be served at a meal |
C.how to form a healthy eating habit | D.why eating soup could help lose weight |
A.Eating soup equals to swimming in a sea. |
B.Eating a bowl of soup every meal is enough to keep fit. |
C.Eating soup every day can help you to lose weight. |
D.Making soup every day could cost you a lot of money. |
A.Dropping the amount of calorie intake. | B.Reducing your weight by 20%. |
C.Doing good to your growing high. | D.Helping you eat more. |
A.The materials for making soup must be limited to vegetables. |
B.The soup must be made low- calorie. |
C.The thickness of the soup makes a difference. |
D.The soup must be mixed with some cream. |
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