题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend （逆转潮流） in the 1960s to reduce it to 18．After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18-20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21．
Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop "responsible attitudes" about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink．
Some states are punishing bars for serving customers too many drinks．A bar in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was "obviously drunk" and later drove off the land, killing a nine-year-old boy．
As the accidents continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years national prohibition （禁令） of alcohol that began in 1919, which President Hoover called the "noble experiment"．They forget that legal prohibition didn"t stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption （腐败） and organized crime．As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution．
小题1:It can be inferred from the passage that drunken driving has become a major problem in the United States because___．
| A．most Americans like drinking |
| B．heavy dinking is hard to avoid |
| C．Americans are not shocked by traffic accidents |
| D．many Americans are killed by traffic accidents |
t can be inferred from the fact of the traffic accidents in New Jersey?| A．Drivers should not be allowed to drink． |
| B．Young drivers were usually bad． |
| C．The legal drinking age should be raised． |
| D．Some drivers didn"t reach the legal drinking age． |
| A．cruel | B．serious | C．determined | D．merciful§ |
| A．It may cause organized crime． |
| B．The new laws can stop heavy drinking． |
| C．There should be no bars to serve drinks． |
| D．It is difficult to solve the problem． |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:D
解析
小题1:推理题，从第一段Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250,000 over the past ten years可以推断，醉驾造成了大量车祸死亡案件，因而成为一个严重的话题。
小题2:推理题，从第二段After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18-20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21．可以推断在New Jersey，因为许可饮酒年龄被降低到18岁，以至于出现青少年造成的车祸死亡案件翻倍的现象，因此推断年龄限制应该提高到21岁以上。
小题3:猜词题，从Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American manly image可推测法官也因此对醉酒引起的案件比较宽容。
小题4:观点态度推断题。从As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution．可以推断作者关于醉驾的观点是“问题不好解决”。
核心考点
试题【Drunken driving sometimes called American"s socially accepted form of murder has】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
I know lots of women who skip breakfast (不吃早饭), and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it. Some say they don’t have time, others think they’re “saying” calories (卡路里)，still others just don’t like breakfast food.
学科But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when you’re trying to lose weight .“Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all,” says Katherine Brooking, R.D. , who developed the super-easy eating plan for this year’s “SELF CHALLENGE”. And even pizza can be healthy if it’s loaded with vegetables, and you stick to one small piece.学科Breakfast is one meal I never miss, and the same goes for most weight loss success stories. Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day. Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly have a morning meal.So eat something in the morning, anything. I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether, and have just coffee or orange juice. I say, try heating up last night’s leftovers – it may sound crazy, but if it works for you, do it! I find if I tell myself, “You can always eat it tomorrow.” I put away the leftovers instead of eating more that night. Try it … you may save yourself some pre-bedtime calories. And watch your body gain the fat-burning effects.
小题1:The word “leftovers” in paragraph I probably means ______.
| A．food remaining after a meal | B．things left undone |
| C．meals made of vegetables | D．pizza topped with fruit |
| A．Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry. |
| B．Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast. |
| C．There are some easy ways of cooking a meal. |
| D．Eating vegetables helps save energy. |
| A．eat something for breakfast | B．be careful about what you cat |
| C．heat up food before eating it | D．cat calorie-controlled food |
| A．who go to work early | B．who want to lose weight |
| C．who stay up late | D．who eat before sleep |
Want to be a happy married couple? Consider having kids．
A new study found that having children boosts happiness．And the more, literally, the merrier．
But unmarried couples shouldn’t expect to find greater happiness through child-raising．The study, published in the Oct．14 online edition of the Journal of Happiness Studies, suggests that having children has little or no effect on boosting happiness among couples who aren’t hitched(和谐)．
The findings contradict previous research that suggested that having more offspring doesn"t lead to greater happiness and might even make people less satisfied with their lives．One theory behind the conclusion is that parents don’t receive many rewards in return for the hard work of raising children．
The new study, however, notes that parents say children are one of the most important things in their lives, if not the most important．
The study found that life satisfaction for married people -- women especially -- goes up the more kids they have．Single, separated and co-habiting people, by contrast, report negative experiences．
“One is tempted to advance that children make people rich under the ‘right conditions’ -- a time in life when people feel that they are ready, or at least willing, to enter parenthood,” Dr．Luis Angeles, of the University of Glasgow in Scotland, said in a news release from the journal’s publisher．“This time can come at very different moments for different individuals, but a likely signal of its approach may well be the act of marriage．”
小题1:he underlined word “offspring” in the fourth paragraph can be replaced by _____．
| A．generation | B．children | C．mothers | D．marriage |
| A．Children Are the Source of Happiness |
| B．Are You Happy Married Couple? |
| C．Married with Children Paves Way to Happiness |
| D．The Right Conditions of Having Children |
| A．The more children women have, the happier they are． |
| B．The more children the married women have, the more unsatisfied they become． |
| C．Raising kids can give any person happiness． |
| D．Without marriage, one woman had better not raise kids． |
| A．a time when the couple are ready and willing to become parents |
| B．the situation where the family is rich enough to raise a child |
| C．the situation where the couple are very happy |
| D．a time when the couple thinks raising children can boost happiness |
People who averaged fewer than seven hours of sleep per 1 in the weeks before being exposed to the cold virus were nearly three times 2 likely to get sick as those who 3 eight hours or more, a new study found.
Researchers used frequent telephone 4 to track the sleep 5 of more than 150 men and women aged 21 to 55 over the course of a few weeks. Then they 6 the subjects to the virus, quarantined them for five days and kept 7 of who got sick.
8 sleeping more, sleeping better also seemed to 9 the body fight illness: Patients who fared better on a measure 10 as "sleep efficiency" - the percentage of time in bed that you"re actually sleeping - were also 11 likely to get sick.
The results held 12 even after researchers 13 for variables such as body-mass index, age, sex, smoking and pre-existing antibodies to the 14 .
15 your grandmother, the researchers aren"t exactly sure 16 sleeping better makes you less likely to 17 a cold. But they 18 take a stab at the answer: "Sleep disturbance influences the regulation of proinflammatory cytokines（促炎细胞因子）, histamines, and other symptom mediators that are released in response to infection." In plain English, maybe tossing and turning when you"re 19 with the cold virus 20 to the symptoms that define a cold.
The researchers were based at Carnegie Mellon, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia, and the study was funded by the National Institutes of Health.
( ) 1. A. day B. night C. week D. month
( ) 2. A. more B. as C. less D. same
( ) 3. A. occurred B. worked C. averaged D. longed
( ) 4. A. interviews B. reports C. announcements D. demands
( ) 5. A. hobbies B. quality C. progress D. habits
( ) 6. A. exposed B. placed C. protected D. prayed
( ) 7. A. touch B. check C. track D. reward
( ) 8. A. Except B. Besides C. Within D. Through
( ) 9. A. benefit B. guard C. help D. assist
( ) 10. A. known B. acted C. appointed D. classified
( ) 11. A. more B. less C. far D. totally
( ) 12. A. ideal B. false C. actual D. true
( ) 13. A. adopted B. adjusted C. enlarged D. employed
( ) 14. A. bodies B. cells C. virus D. medicines
( ) 15. A. Like B. As C. Against D. By
( ) 16. A. What B. When C. Where D. Why
( ) 17. A. develop B. form C. fight D. prevent
( ) 18. A. did B. often C. do D. never
( ) 19. A. infected B. surrounded C. limited D. attached
( ) 20. A. pulls B. promotes C. speeds D. contributes
One study from the University of Washington School of Nursing studied 1 problems in husbands and wives. Researchers cited(引用) previous evidence that anger problems and depressive symptoms have been linked to all major 2 of death, but found that wives specifically found a greater association between anger and 3 of depression, 4 men tended to instead experience an 5 between anger and health problems.
According to a study from Ohio State University, those who had less control over their anger 6 to heal more slowly from wounds. Researchers gave blisters(起疱膏) to 98 participants and found that, after 8 days, those who had less control over their anger also tended to be 7 healers. 8 , those participants also tended to have more cortisol (a stress hormone) in their system during the blistering procedure, 9 that they may be more stressed by difficult situations as well.
10 study from Harvard School of Public Health studied hostility(敌对行为) in men and found that those with 11 rates of hostility not only had poorer pulmonary functioning (breathing problems), but experienced higher rates of decline as they aged.
Research with children and 12 shows that anger 13 is important for the younger set as well. Findings showed that youth who cope inappropriately with their anger are at greater 14 for problem-ridden(受…支配的) interpersonal relationships. Their 15 is also at risk; those who cope poorly with anger tend to have more negative 16 when it comes to both mental and general health. This highlights the fact that anger management is an important skill to 17 early.
These are just a few of the many studies linking anger to 18 and emotional health problems, from the obvious to the 19 . Because poorly managed anger presents such a significant problem in so many areas of life, it’s important to take steps toward learning and using healthy anger management techniques in daily life, 20 stress management techniques.
( ) 1. A. anger B. health C. emotion D. spirit
( ) 2. A. causes B. effects C. excuses D. factors
( ) 3. A. times B. results C. influences D. symptoms
( ) 4. A. but B. if C. while D. though
( ) 5. A. appreciation B. attention C. association D. attraction
( ) 6. A. prepared B. addicted C. accustomed D. tended
( ) 7. A. faster B. more C. slower D. quicker
( ) 8. A. As well as B. In addition C. Except D. What’s worse
( ) 9. A. predicting B. promising C. expecting D. suggesting
( ) 10. A. Other B. More C. Another D. The other
( ) 11. A. higher B. lower C. thicker D. fewer
( ) 12. A. adults B. adolescents C. elders D. citizens
( ) 13. A. development B. management C. argument D. engagement
( ) 14. A. chance B. choice C. rate D. risk
( ) 15. A. body B. feeling C. health D. emotion
( ) 16. A. outcomes B. meanings C. effects D. pains
( ) 17. A. recite B. learn C. understand D. explore
( ) 18. A. facial B. spiritual C. psychological D. physical
( ) 19. A. unperfected B. unexpected C. unprotected D. uncovered
( ) 20. A. along with B. along side C. as with D. for with
That"s the term being 1 to describe the invisible yet poisonous mixture of gases and particles(颗粒) clinging(依附) to smokers" hair and 2 , not to mention cushions and carpeting, that stays long after second-hand smoke has cleared from a room. The remaining 3 heavy metals, carcinogens(致癌物) and even radioactive materials that young children can get on their hands and take in, 4 if they"re crawling or playing on the floor。
Doctors from MassGeneral Hospital for Children in Boston coined the term "third-hand smoke" to 5 these chemicals in a new study that 6 on the risks they pose to infants and children. The study was published in the 7 issue of the journal Pediatrics。
"Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is bad, 8 they don"t know about this," said Dr. Jonathan P. Winickoff, the lead author of the study and an assistant professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School。
"When their kids are 9 the house, they might smoke. Or they smoke in the car. Or they strap(用带子捆扎) the kid in the car seat in the back and crack the window and 10 , and they think it"s okay because the second-hand smoke isn"t getting to their 11 . We needed a term to describe these tobacco toxins that aren"t 12 ."
The study reported on 13 toward smoking in 1,500 households across the United States. It found that the vast majority of both smokers and nonsmokers were 14 that second-hand smoke is harmful to children. Some 95 percent of nonsmokers and 84 percent of smokers 15 with the statement that "inhaling smoke from a parent"s cigarette can 16 the health of infants and children"。
But 17 fewer of those surveyed were aware of the 18 of third-hand smoke. Since the term is so new, the researchers asked people if they agreed with the statement that "breathing air in a room 19 where people smoked yesterday can harm the health of infants and children"。
Only 65 percent of nonsmokers and 43 percent of smokers agreed with that 20 , which researchers interpreted as acknowledgement of the risks of third-hand smoke。
( ) 1. A. told B. discussed C. used D. mentioned
( ) 2. A. shoes B. clothing C. body D. mouth
( ) 3. A. includes B. covers C. finds D. improves
( ) 4. A. especially B. specially C. immediately D. regularly
( ) 5. A. name B. call C. explain D. describe
( ) 6. A. focused B. tended C. tried D. worked
( ) 7. A. later B. latest C. best D. previous
( ) 8. A. but B. and C. however D. or
( ) 9. A. alongside B. out of C. in D. beside
( ) 10. A. cough B. talk C. observe D. smoke
( ) 11. A. cars B. seats C. kids D. windows
( ) 12. A. visible B. invisible C. poisonous D. concrete
( ) 13. A. policies B. attitudes C. bans D. habits
( ) 14. A. told B. content C. confident D. aware
( ) 15. A. opposed B. agreed C. fought D. connected
( ) 16. A. harm B. destroy C. improve D. confuse
( ) 17. A. quite B. very C. far D. too
( ) 18. A. chances B. risks C. abilities D. conditions
( ) 19. A. tomorrow B. today C. yesterday D. weekend
( ) 20. A. statement B. mark C. discussion D. prejudice
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