题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
That"s the term being 1 to describe the invisible yet poisonous mixture of gases and particles(颗粒) clinging(依附) to smokers" hair and 2 , not to mention cushions and carpeting, that stays long after second-hand smoke has cleared from a room. The remaining 3 heavy metals, carcinogens(致癌物) and even radioactive materials that young children can get on their hands and take in, 4 if they"re crawling or playing on the floor。
Doctors from MassGeneral Hospital for Children in Boston coined the term "third-hand smoke" to 5 these chemicals in a new study that 6 on the risks they pose to infants and children. The study was published in the 7 issue of the journal Pediatrics。
"Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is bad, 8 they don"t know about this," said Dr. Jonathan P. Winickoff, the lead author of the study and an assistant professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School。
"When their kids are 9 the house, they might smoke. Or they smoke in the car. Or they strap(用带子捆扎) the kid in the car seat in the back and crack the window and 10 , and they think it"s okay because the second-hand smoke isn"t getting to their 11 . We needed a term to describe these tobacco toxins that aren"t 12 ."
The study reported on 13 toward smoking in 1,500 households across the United States. It found that the vast majority of both smokers and nonsmokers were 14 that second-hand smoke is harmful to children. Some 95 percent of nonsmokers and 84 percent of smokers 15 with the statement that "inhaling smoke from a parent"s cigarette can 16 the health of infants and children"。
But 17 fewer of those surveyed were aware of the 18 of third-hand smoke. Since the term is so new, the researchers asked people if they agreed with the statement that "breathing air in a room 19 where people smoked yesterday can harm the health of infants and children"。
Only 65 percent of nonsmokers and 43 percent of smokers agreed with that 20 , which researchers interpreted as acknowledgement of the risks of third-hand smoke。
( ) 1. A. told B. discussed C. used D. mentioned
( ) 2. A. shoes B. clothing C. body D. mouth
( ) 3. A. includes B. covers C. finds D. improves
( ) 4. A. especially B. specially C. immediately D. regularly
( ) 5. A. name B. call C. explain D. describe
( ) 6. A. focused B. tended C. tried D. worked
( ) 7. A. later B. latest C. best D. previous
( ) 8. A. but B. and C. however D. or
( ) 9. A. alongside B. out of C. in D. beside
( ) 10. A. cough B. talk C. observe D. smoke
( ) 11. A. cars B. seats C. kids D. windows
( ) 12. A. visible B. invisible C. poisonous D. concrete
( ) 13. A. policies B. attitudes C. bans D. habits
( ) 14. A. told B. content C. confident D. aware
( ) 15. A. opposed B. agreed C. fought D. connected
( ) 16. A. harm B. destroy C. improve D. confuse
( ) 17. A. quite B. very C. far D. too
( ) 18. A. chances B. risks C. abilities D. conditions
( ) 19. A. tomorrow B. today C. yesterday D. weekend
( ) 20. A. statement B. mark C. discussion D. prejudice
答案
解析
1. C 考查动词过去分词的含义辨析及在语言逻辑方面的准确应用。联系上下文的语境及日常生活中的常识,我们容易推理出这一句的语境是：所谓“三手烟”是用来指房间内的“二手烟”清除许久之后，仍残留在坐垫、地毯甚或吸烟者头发和衣物上看不见的气体和颗粒的有毒混合物。我们不难看出此处应该填上表示被用来之意的动词过去分词，也即是C项，而其余ABD项依次分别所表达的意思是：讲述，讨论，提及，这些词语所表示的意思都和这儿的语言逻辑不相吻合，故我们选择C项为最佳答案。
2. B检测名词的含义辨析及在语言逻辑方面的准确应用。由上一题的分析和日常生活常识：香烟的残留往往存在于人的头发、衣服等等上面，我们不难看出此处应该填上表示衣服之意的名词，而ACD项依次分别所表达的意思是：鞋子，身体，嘴，只有B项有这样的意思，故B项为准确答案。
3. A 检测动词的含义的准确记忆与理解辨析。由上一题的分析，联系上下文的语境，我们容易推理出这一句的语意是：残留物包含重金属、致癌物，甚至辐射物质，它们很容易沾在婴幼儿的手上并被吃到嘴里，尤其是当小孩子在地板上爬或玩耍时。不难看出此处应该填上表示包含包括之意的动词，而BCD项依次分别所表达的意思是：覆盖，发现，改进，这些意思在这儿都不符合此处的上下文之间语言逻辑，只有A项（includes：包括）有这样的意思，故A项为准确答案。
4. A 检测副词的含义的准确记忆与理解。由上一题的分析我们不难看出此处应该填上表示尤其之意的副词BCD项依次分别所表达的意思是：专门地，立即，规律地，这些意思在这儿都不符合此处的上下文之间语言逻辑，只有A项有这样的意思，并且用在这儿语句通顺合理，故A项为准确答案。
5. D检测动词的含义辨析及在语言逻辑方面的准确应用。经过分析，语意是：在一项针对这些化学物质对婴幼儿危害的新的研究中，波士顿大众婴幼儿专科医院的医生们创造了“三手烟”这个词来形容它们。不难看出此处应该填上表示形容之意的动词，这四个词中只有D项有这样的意思。而其余ABD项依次分别所表达的意思是：命名，称作，解释，其中，AB两项容易让人上当，但是根据意思和语言逻辑，这是对这种化学物质类进行描述，如果命名的话，其后还得有个名称的词来补充说明，故D项为准确答案。
6. A 检测动词的含义的准确记忆与理解辨析。由上一题的分析我们很容易看出此处应该填上表示针对（也就是以…….为中心）之意的动词，A项就是这样的意思。BCD三项依次分别所表达的意思是：倾向于（和动词不定式搭配），尽力（也和动词不定式搭配），工作，这些词语所表示的意思都和这儿的语言逻辑不相契合，语意也通顺，故我们选择A项为最佳答案。
7. B联系上下文的语境，经过分析，语意是：研究结果发表于最近一期的《小儿科》医学期刊上。这四个词中只有B项有最近之意。其余ACD项依次分别所表达的意思是：迟到的，最后的，以前的，很明显放在这儿都不能使句意通顺，故B项为准确答案。
8. A 检测连词的含义辨析及在语言逻辑方面的准确应用。联系上下文的语境，及日常生活中的常识，经过分析，语意是：每个人都知道二手烟有害，但他们却不知道三手烟的存在，不难看出此处应该填上表示但是之意的连词，这四个词中只有A项（but:但是）有这样的意思，而BD量项依次分别所表达的意思是：和，或者，放在这儿都不能使句意通顺。C项的具有很大的迷惑性，但是它作然而之意讲的时候是个副词，故我们选择A项为最佳答案。
9. B 检测介词的含义的准确记忆与理解。由日常生活中的常识，再联系上下文的语境，经过分析，语意是：只要孩子们在屋外，他们就可以吸烟。由语境我们不难看出此处应该填上表示在……的外面之意的介词，也即是B项，而其余ACD项依次分别所表达的意思是：和……一起，在……的里面，在…….的旁边，这些意思在这儿都不符合此处的上下文之间语言逻辑，故B项为准确答案。
10. D 检测动词的含义辨析及在语言逻辑方面的准确应用。由语境：或者在车上时，把孩子放在后座上，打开车窗，也可以吸烟。联系全文的语境，我们知道此处应该填上表示吸烟之意的动词，ABC项依次分别所表达的意思是：咳嗽，谈话，饮料，这些词语所表示的意思都和这儿的语言逻辑不相契合，故我们选择D项为最佳答案。
11. C 检测名词的含义辨析及在语言逻辑方面的准确应用。联系上下文的语境，经过分析这一句的语意：他们认为这样就没有问题了，因为毕竟小孩子没吸到二手烟，我们不难看出此处应该填上表示孩子之意的名词，而ABD项依次分别所表达的意思是：轿车，座位，窗户，很明显放在这儿都不能使句意通顺流畅，这四个词中只有C项（kids:小孩子）有这样的意思，故我们选择C项为最佳答案。
12. A 检测形容词的含义的准确记忆与理解。由上一题的分析，联系上下文的语境，我们不难看出此处语意是：而我们需要一个术语来描述这些看不见的香烟毒素。经过分析，此句是个否定句，应该填上表示看得见的之意的形容词，这四个词中只有A项（visible）有这样的意思，而其余BCD三项依次分别所表达的意思是：看不见，有毒的，具体的，这些意思在这儿都不符合此处的上下文之间语言逻辑，故A项为准确答案。
13. B 检测名词的含义辨析及语言逻辑的准确理解和应用。由语境：该研究报告了全美1500个家庭对待吸烟的态度，我们不难看出此处应该填上表示态度之意的名词，也即是B项，其余ACD项依次分别所表达的意思是：策略，禁止，习惯，很明显放在这儿都不能使句意通顺，故B项为准确答案。
14. D 检测形容词的含义的准确记忆与理解。联系上下文的语境，由上一题的分析，我们容易推理出这一句的语境是：发现绝大多数受访者(烟民与非烟民)都明白二手烟损害儿童健康。很清楚，此处应该填上表示明白清楚之意的形容词，而其余ABC项依次分别所表达的意思是：被告诉，满意的，自信的，这些词语所表示的意思都和这儿的语言逻辑不相契合，而D项的意思是：清楚，明了，有着清醒认识的，故我们选择D项为最佳答案。
15. B 考查动词的含义辨析及在语言逻辑方面的准确理解和应用。联系上下文的语境，经过分析，语意是：大约95%的不吸烟者和84%的吸烟者都同意“婴幼儿吸入父母的二手烟可能致病”的论断。因此，此处应该填上表示同意之意的动词，而ACD项依次分别所表达的意思是：反对，斗争，连接，这些词语所表示的意思都和这儿的语言逻辑不相适合，故我们选择B项（agreed：同意）为最佳答案。
16. A 检测动词的含义的准确记忆与理解。由上一题的分析我们不难看出此处应该填上表示致病之意的动词，致病就是对健康有害，也就是A项和health搭配之后的意思，而其余BCD项依次分别所表达的意思是：毁坏，改进，使……混乱，B项具有很大的迷惑性，但吸三手烟不至于把身体的健康给毁了，CD两项所表示的意思很明显放在这儿都不能使句意通顺，故我们选择A项为最佳答案。
17. C 检测副词的含义辨析及在语言逻辑方面的准确应用。联系全文的语境，及日常生活中的常识，我们容易推理出这一句的语境是：但受访者中却很少有人知道三手烟的危害。经过分析，我们不难看出此处应该填上表示很相、当之意的副词来修饰形容词的比较级fewer，这四个词中只有C项有这样的意思，并且用来修饰形容词的比较级，然后用来代指人，而其余ABD项依次分别所表达的意思是：相当，很，太，并且不用来修饰形容词的比较级，故C项为准确答案。
18. B 检测名词的含义辨析及在语言逻辑方面的准确应用。由上一题的分析我们不难看出此处应该填上表示危害之意的名词，这四个词中只B项（risks：冒险，危害）有这样的意思，而其余ABD项依次分别所表达的意思是：几率，能力，条件，这些意思在这儿都不符合此处的上下文之间语言逻辑，故B项为准确答案。
19. B 检测名词的含义的准确记忆与理解。联系上下文的语境，经过分析，语意是：因为这个名称过于新颖，所以调查者换了种说法，提问人们是否同意“昨天有人抽过烟的屋子里的空气今天或现在会对婴幼儿产生危害”的论断。我们不难看出此处应该表示今天和昨天相比，所以填上B项（today：今天），其余ACD项依次分别所表达的意思是：明天，昨天，周末，很明显放在这儿都不能使句意通顺，故B项为准确答案。
20. A 检测名词的含义辨析及在语言逻辑方面的准确应用。经过分析，语意是：只有65%的非烟民和43%的烟民认同该说法。研究者以此作为公众承认三手烟危害的证据。我们容易推理出此处应该填上表示说法、论述之意的名词，这四个词中只有A项有这样的意思，而其余BCD项依次分别所表达的意思是：标记，讨论，偏见，这些词语所表示的意思都和这儿的语言逻辑不相契合，也不通顺，故我们选择A项为最佳答案。
核心考点
试题【Parents who smoke often open a window or turn on a fan to clear the air for thei】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The finding, announced on Thursday, 1 from a survey of nearly 30,000 American adults conducted between 1975 and 2006 as part of the General Social Survey.
2 happy people reported watching an 3 of 19 hours of television per week, unhappy people reported 25 hours a week. The results held even after 4 into account education, income, age and marital status.
In addition, happy individuals were more socially 5 , attended more religious services, voted more and 6 a newspaper more often than their less-chipper（没有精神的） counterparts.
The researchers are not sure, though, whether unhappiness 7 more television-watching or more viewing leads to unhappiness.
In fact, people say they like watching television: Past research has shown that when people watch television they 8 it. In these studies, participants reported that on a 9 from 0 (dislike) to 10 (greatly enjoy), TV-watching was nearly an 8.
But perhaps the high from watching television doesn"t 10 .
"These conflicting data 11 that TV may provide viewers with short-run 12 , but at the expense of long-term malaise(精神欠爽)," said researcher John Robinson, a sociologist at the University of Maryland, College Park.
In this case, even the happiest campers could turn into Debbie-downers if they continue to 13 at the TV. The researchers suggest that over time, television-viewing 14 push out other activities that do have more lasting 15 . Exercise and sex come to mind, as do parties and other forms of socialization known to have psychological benefits.
Or, maybe television is simply a refuge(慰藉物) for people who are already 16 .
"TV is not judgmental 17 difficult, so people with 18 social skills or resources for other activities can engage in it," Robinson and UM colleague Steven Martin write in the December issue of the journal Social Indicators Research.
They add, " 19 , chronic unhappiness can be socially and personally debilitating（使人衰弱的） and can interfere with work and most social and personal activities, but even the unhappiest people can click a remote and be passively 20 by a TV."
The researchers say follow-up studies are needed to tease out the relationship between television and happiness.
( ) 1. A. comes B. arrives C. differs D. results
( ) 2. A. When B. As C. While D. Therefore
( ) 3. A. average B. amount C. number D. effort
( ) 4. A. speaking B. talking C. taking D. getting
( ) 5. A. active B. positive C. crazy D. cozy
( ) 6. A. look B. read C. see D. take
( ) 7. A. builds up B. cuts down C. leads to D. tends to
( ) 8. A. hate B. enjoy C. adopt D. adapt
( ) 9. A. fashion B. group C. scale D. rate
( ) 10. A. last B. decrease C. widen D. disappear
( ) 11. A. report B. suggest C. improve D. admit
( ) 12. A. excitement B. pleasure C. suffering D. sadness
( ) 13. A. glare B. look C. stare D. fix
( ) 14. A. should B. must C. could D. need
( ) 15. A. comforts B. laughter C. pressures D. benefits
( ) 16. A. tired B. lonely C. bored D. unhappy
( ) 17. A. and B. neither C. nor D. but
( ) 18. A. few B. little C. many D. quantity
( ) 19. A. Therefore B. Furthermore C. However D. Yet
( ) 20. A. controlled B. transformed C. persuaded D. entertained
Research is preliminary, but several studies 3 people who spend most of their days sitting are more likely to be fat, have a heart attack or even die.
In an editorial 4 this week in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, Elin Ekblom-Bak of the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences suggested that authorities rethink how they define 5 activity to highlight the dangers of sitting.
While health officials have issued guidelines 6 minimum amounts of physical activity, they haven"t suggested people try to limit how much time they spend in a seated 7 .
"After four hours of sitting, the body starts to send 8 signals," Ekblom-Bak said. She explained that genes regulating the amount of glucoseand fat in the 9 start to shut down.
Even for people who 10 , spending long stretches of time sitting at a desk is still harmful. Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization, said people who exercise every day — 11 still spend a lot of time sitting — might get more benefit if that exercise were spread across the day, 12 in a single bout.
That wasn"t 13 news for Aytekin Can, 31, who works at a London financial company, and spends most of his days sitting 14 a computer. Several evenings a week, Can also teaches jiu jitsu, a Japanese martial art 15 wrestling, and also does Thai boxing.
"I"m sure there are some detrimental 16 of staying still for too long, but I hope that being 17 when I can helps," he said. "I wouldn"t want to think the sitting could be 18 dangerous."
Still, in a study published last year that tracked more than 17,000 Canadians for about a dozen years, researchers found people who sat 19 had a higher death risk, independently of whether or not they exercised.
Figures from a US survey in 2003-2004 found Americans spend more than half their time sitting, from working at their desks to sitting in cars.
Experts said more research is needed to 20 just how much sitting is dangerous, and what might be possible to offset those effects.
( ) 1. A. bad B. good C. mean D. dead
( ) 2. A. does B. occurs C. matches D. dies
( ) 3. A. advise B. talk C. suggest D. say
( ) 4. A. thrown B. caught C. seen D. published
( ) 5. A. biological B. physical C. psychological D. logical
( ) 6. A. commending B. mending C. recommending D. communicating
( ) 7. A. stand B. state C. post D. position
( ) 8. A. harmful B. careful C. wonderful D. skillful
( ) 9. A. head B. arm C. body D. foot
( ) 10. A. sleep B. rest C. walk D. exercise
( ) 11. A. and B. so C. but D. then
( ) 12. A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. less than
( ) 13. A. bad B. harmful C. disadvantage D. welcome
( ) 14. A. behind B. back C. in front of D. forward
( ) 15. A. referring B. involving C. taking D. bringing
( ) 16. A. effects B. prefects C. affects D. offers
( ) 17. A. inactive B. active C. interactive D. positive
( ) 18. A. such B. little C. lot D. that
( ) 19. A. less B. fewer C. more D. further
( ) 20. A. leave out B. bring out C. hold out D. figure out
Several studies have 1 drinking green tea to lessening psychological problems and Kaijun Niu, of Tohoku University Graduate School, and colleagues found people 2 70 and older who drank four or more cups of green tea daily were 44 percent 3 likely to experience depression.
Green tea is widely 4 in many Asian countries, 5 China and Japan.
Niu"s team 6 1,058 relatively healthy elderly men and women. About 34 percent of the men and 39 percent of the women had symptoms of 7 , according to the study that was 8 in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
A total of 488 participants said they 9 four or more cups of green tea a day, 284 said they downed two to three cups 10 and the rest reported having one or fewer cups daily.
According to the researchers, the 11 effect of drinking more 12 tea on alleviating symptoms of depression did not 13 after they factored in social and economic status, gender, diet, history of medical problems and 14 of antidepressants.
There was no 15 between consumption of black or oolong tea, or coffee, and 16 symptoms of depression.
A green tea component, the amino acid thiamine（硫胺素）, which is 17 to have a tranquilizing（镇静的） 18 on the brain, may 19 the "potentially beneficial effect" shown in the current study, Niu noted, 20 that more study is needed.
( ) 1. A. linked B. taken C. considered D. regarded
( ) 2. A. aging B. aged C. years D. age
( ) 3. A. more B. little C. less D. much
( ) 4. A. sold B. planted C. spread D. consumed
( ) 5. A. including B. concluding C. containing D. considering
( ) 6. A. looked for B. checked C. investigated D. asked
( ) 7. A. optimism B. happiness C. bitterness D. depression
( ) 8. A. published B. come out C. appeared D. showed
( ) 9. A. ate B. drank C. swallowed D. chewed
( ) 10. A. weekly B. daily C. monthly D. yearly
( ) 11. A. apparent B. light C. huge D. gentle
( ) 12. A. black B. oolong C. coffee D. green
( ) 13. A. fade B. disappear C. run D. decease
( ) 14. A. influence B. effect C. use D. result
( ) 15. A. association B. use C. comparison D. difference
( ) 16. A. lower B. increase C. strengthen D. cause
( ) 17. A. assumed B. thought C. imaged D. hoped
( ) 18. A. effect B. affect C. effort D. outcome
( ) 19. A. report B. confirm C. complete D. explain
( ) 20. A. adding B. addressing C. speaking D. saying
A 1 of sleep among youngsters may 2 depression and suicidal (自***的)thoughts, according to the study by the Columbia University Medical Center.
"Our results are 3 with the theory that inadequate sleep is a risk factor for depression, working with other 4 and protective factors through multiple possible causal pathways to the development of this 5 disorder," said lead author James Gangwisch.
" 6 quality sleep could therefore be a preventative measure against 7 and a treatment for depression," he added in the study 8 in the Friday issue of Sleep magazine.
The study followed the nightly habits of some 15,659 college and high-school students, and 9 those who consistently went to bed 10 midnight had a 24 percent higher risk of depression than those who turned in before 10:00 pm.
Night owls（夜猫子）also ran a 20 percent 11 risk of battling suicidal thoughts, the study added.
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine 12 that adolescents should sleep at least nine hours or more a night. Those who were tucked in before 10:00 pm reported they slept 13 about eight hours and 10 minutes.
But that amount of sleep 14 significantly for those in bed after midnight.
And adolescents who slept five hours or less a night were 71 percent more 15 to suffer depression and 48 percent more 16 becoming suicidal, the study said.
"It is a common perception and societal 17 that adolescents do not need as much sleep as pre-adolescents, yet studies suggest that adolescents may 18 require more sleep," said Gangwisch.
"Studies have found that adolescents do not go to bed 19 enough to make up for earlier school start times, and transitions to earlier school start times have been shown to be 20 with significant sleep deprivation（剥夺）. "
( ) 1. A. night B. moderation C. limit D. lack
( ) 2. A. result in B. lie in C. come about D. bring in
( ) 3. A. opposed B. mixed C. related D. consistent
( ) 4. A. risk B. chance C. potential D. reason
( ) 5. A. mood B. body C. feeling D. mind
( ) 6. A. little B. lack C. Adequate D. over
( ) 7. A. suffering B. depression C. disorder D. sadness
( ) 8. A. reported B. published C. reflected D. noted
( ) 9. A. found B. investigated C. appraised D. supported
( ) 10. A. before B. from C. by D. after
( ) 11. A. lower B. higher C. more D. less
( ) 12. A. appeals B. recommends C. calls D. plans
( ) 13. A. on average B. in place C. ahead of D. in number
( ) 14. A. increased B. disappeared C. strengthened D. dropped
( ) 15. A. likely B. probable C. possible D. perhaps
( ) 16. A. at sight of B. at risk of C. in front of D. as a result of
( ) 17. A. wish B. expectation C. suggestion D. attempt
( ) 18. A. exactly B. immediately C. directly D. actually
( ) 19. A. early B. lately C. soon D. quickly
( ) 20. A. separated B. associated C. divided D. depended
The research team have discovered that subordinate fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female, had breeding （繁殖） rights within the group,” explains Marian Wong. “All other group members are nonbreeding females, each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor. We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation.”
The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up.
It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. Whether they did so voluntarily, by restraining how much they ate, was not clear. The research team decided to do an experiment. They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. To their surprise, the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast.
The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group. Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves, so keeping their competitors small.
While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious, Dr. Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarchical （等级的） societies remain stable.
The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans. “As yet, we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature,” the researchers comment. “Data on human dieting suggests that, while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness, rarely does it improve long-term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females’ own ideal.”
小题1:When a goby grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it .
| A．faces danger | B．has breeding rights |
| C．eats its competitor | D．leaves the group itself |
| A．the fish beaten up | B．the fish found out |
| C．the fish fattened up | D．the fish driven away |
| A．fought over a feast | B．went on diet willingly |
| C．preferred some extra food | D．challenged the boss fish |
| A．Fish dieting and human dieting. |
| B．Dieting and health. |
| C．Human dieting. |
| D．Fish dieting. |
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