题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Professionals who help people make changes in their lives suggest the change is determined not by one"s surroundings, but one"s mind. Beginning with small goals or steps usually leads to a bigger payoff later, they say. But they caution that the experience is different for everyone.
"People are more likely to make positive changes in their lives not only when their friends do, but when their friends of friends do, and when their friends of friends of friends do," said Nicholas Christakis, a professor of medical sociology at Harvard University. "People are better able to make changes in their lives - lose weight, quit smoking, become happy - when they do this with a large number of other people, and so taking advantage of your social network ties can result in a magnification of your own efforts."
Jhonny Augustin understands that well. His resolution for 2008 was to shed 30 pounds from his 237-pound frame. But the change didn"t come easily. He said,"I"m a huge procrastinator, I kept putting it off until tomorrow. I didn"t get to do it until the summer." However , Augustin got inspired when he saw his older brother working out. Today, Augustin weighs 190 pounds.
“Of course, change can happen only if people don"t set their expectations too high or try to tackle too many changes at once; one of the biggest mistakes we make is setting unrealistic goals, ”said Dalia Llera, a psychologist and associate professor of counseling and psychology at Lesley University. "You can"t accomplish in a few weeks what you haven"t accomplished in a few years," said Llera.
46.From the first paragraph we can infer that .
A.change for a person is challenging
B.famous people have great determination
C.most people don’t want to change themselves
D.personal change is beyond belief
47.It is known from Nicholas christkis that .
A. making a change is easier with support from a cheerful group of friends
B. social networks have great effect on one’s change
C. people who have the same attitude often get together
D. people’s mood can contribute to their efforts
48.The word “procrastinator” in Paragraph 4 refers to those who .
A. have great determination to make a change
B. have no desire to do something great
C. put off work especially because of laziness
D. have habitual carelessness and laziness
49.According to the passage, Dalia Liera suggested that .
A. people should understand their goals well
B. people should try their best to change themselves
C. people should have confidence and positive habits
D. people should start with setting small goals to meet
50.The passage is mainly about .
A. the reason why losing weight is so hard
B. the effect of the positive change
C. the attitudes towards change in life
D. the ways of making a change
答案
解析
核心考点
试题【 Eat healthier. Exercise twice a week. Read more books. Lose weight. We make the】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Our bodies use varying(不同程度的) amount of calories. The more exercise we take, the more calories we burn. If we eat food which contains more calories than we use up, then it is possible that we would increase in weight. In order to avoid becoming overweight, it is advisable to eat a balanced diet and not eat too many foods that have a high calorie rating. The table below gives you some idea of the number of calories in food.
A. Meats Slice of bacon 50 Hamburger 300 Slice of beef 100 Sausage 180 Meat pie 500 Sausage roll 350 | | B.Fruits Apple 70 Orange 70 Pear 80 Banana 80 Plum 20 Tomato 20 |
| | |
C. Sweets and Pastries Small chocolate bar 190 Large chocolate bar 225 Slice apple pie 300 Doughnut 200 Scoop of ice cream 85 Bag of potato crisps 145 | | D. Vegetables 60g carrots 18 60g potato 60 60g onion 25 60g cucumber 10 60g cabbage 15 |
A.How to Measure the Quality of Food | B.Calories in Foods |
C.The Units of Measurement | D.How to Keep Fit |
A.7. | B.6. | C.5. | D.8. |
A.chocolate | B.meat pie | C.fruit | D.apple pie |
A.Advisable. | B.Overweight. | C.Balanced. | D.Measurement. |
A.When we sleep. | B.In working in the fields. |
C.While watching a play | D.After having sports. |
“We wanted to find out how normal aging is being governed by genes and what effect these genes have on other traits, such as immunity,” said Robin May of the University of Birmingham, who led the study.
Populations across the world are aging at a surprising pace, bringing potentially big challenges for health and social care systems. A study by Danish scientists last year found that half of babies born in the rich world today will live to celebrate their 100th birthdays. Scientists are eager to find out how people age to try to develop drugs to help them stay healthier as their lives extend.
“What we have found is that things like resistance and aging tend to go hand in hand,” May said in an interview.
May’s team compared longevity, stress resistance and immunity in four related species of worm. They also looked for differences in the activity of DAF-16 in each of the four species, and found that they were all quite distinct.
May said DAF-16 was active in most cells in the body and was very similar to a group of human genes called FOXO genes, which scientists believe play a role in the aging process.
“The fact that subtle(微妙的)differences in DAF-16 between species seem to have such an impact on aging and health is very interesting and may explain how differences in lifespan and related traits have arisen during evolution,” May said.
71. In which section may the text appear in a newspaper?
A. Education. B. Science. C. Entertainment. D. Culture.
72. According to May_________,.
A. resistance has a lot to do with aging
B. FOXO genes can be found in worms
C. genes play the same role in different species
D. new drugs will change the genes in older people
73. What can we know from the third paragraph?
A. New ways have been found to affect aging.
B. Babies in the rich world will all live longer.
C. Present social care systems are poorly managed.
D. Aging populations are causing more challenges.
74. From the text we know that DAF-16.
A. is a gene that is only found in worms
B. can make people live longer
C. has an effect on aging and immunity
D. has been quite familiar to scientists
75. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. Scientists Find Gene Linked to Aging
B. Population Aging Faster than Expected
C. How to Make People Live Longer
D. Gene Determines How Long We Live
British and Canadian experts say drugs could attack the parasite(寄生虫) causing the illness needs to survive. They say the drug could be ready for human medical test in about 18 months.
The disease, spread by the bite of a fly, is caused by a parasite attacking the central nervous system. It has similar symptoms(症状) to malaria(疟疾), making it difficult to diagnose. Left untreated, it moves to the brain, resulting in mental confusion and final death
The "breakthrough" came at the University of Dundee in Scotland, where scientists were offered money to research diseases ignored by major drugs companies.
Professor Paul Wyatt, director of the programme, said: "This is one of the most significant findings made in recent years in terms of drug discovery and development for ignored diseases."
He said the research, published in the journal Nature, represented "significant progress" in the development of a full blown drug against the disease.
The World Health Organization said there are between 50,000 and 70,000 cases of the disease a year, with a further 60 million people at risk of infection.
The research in Dundee was backed by partners at the University of York in England and the Structural Genomics Consortium in Toronto, Canada. The two drugs currently available to treat sleeping sickness both have problems. One is with side effects that kill one in 20 patients and the other is costly, only partially effective and requires long-time hospital treatment, the scientists said.
小题1:The word backedin the last paragraph probably means_____.
A.conducted | B.supported | C.believed | D.managed |
A.about 60000 people died of the disease each year |
B.about 60000 people were cured of the disease each year |
C.600 million people are likely to get infected |
D.the disease is spreading fast in Africa |
A.in the journal Nature |
B.in a newspaper of the University of Dundee |
C.in a book about flies |
D.in a newspaper about medicine |
A.big drug companies play an important role in the research of the new drug |
B.people who get infected with the disease are mentally disturbed |
C.among 200 people infected with the disease, 5 may die because of the old drug |
D. Professor Paul Wyatt may be a professor at the University of York |
The research, from the University of Alberta in Canada, showed that when eggs come in contact with stomach enzymes(酶) they produce a protein that acts in the same way as Ace inhibitors, but more work is needed to show the effects outside a lab and in the human body.
Earlier this month, British researchers declared that, contrary to popular beliefs, it is healthy to go to work on an egg.They concluded that the type of cholesterol (胆固醇) found in eggs has little effect on increasing heart disease risks.
Researcher Professor Bruce Griffin, from the University of Surrey, said:“The wrong beliefs linking egg eating to high blood cholesterol and heart disease must be corrected .The amount of fat in our diet has an effect on blood cholesterol that is several times greater than the relatively small amounts of cholesterol found in eggs.The UK public do not need to be limiting the number of eggs they eat.They can be encouraged to include them in a healthy diet as they are one of nature’s most nutritious foods.”
The British Heart Foundation dropped its three-egg-a-week limit in 2005.However, almost half of Britons believe the limit still applies.
小题1:From the text we know that Ace inhibitors are .
A.a kind of medicine | B.a kind of protein |
C.a kind of illness | D.a kind of food |
A.are the most nutritious food. |
B.have no effect on blood cholesterol |
C.can be included in a healthy diet |
D.are forbidden to be eaten in the UK |
A.drugs to lower blood pressure will be replaced by eating eggs |
B.stomach enzymes mixed with eggs can cure heart diseases |
C.most Britons agree the three-egg-a-week limit should be dropped |
D.about 50% of Britons think eating an egg a day is bad for their health |
A.to introduce scientific findings about eggs |
B.to introduce a medicine made from eggs |
C.to tell people how to lower their blood pressure |
D.to advise people to eat as many eggs as possible |
C.
“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Similarly, if we drink a little more water ever day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often. A healthy diet is made up of water and a great many different kinds of foods. We know that healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and fish, are important as they provide us with energy and fibre, without giving us too much fat and sugar. But why is water important?
The human body needs water to survive. Water is important as it carries poisons and waste out of our bodies. However, doctors advise us to drink plenty of water, much more than the small amount we need to stay alive.
Some doctors believe that water is important for our health in all kinds of ways. They believe that a great many illnesses and health problems stars as a result of dehydration—a lack(缺少) of water in the body. Most people are dehydrated (脱水)at least some of time, although they probably don’t know it. It is surprising to learn that if we feel thirsty, we are already in the first stages of dehydration. In fact, we are advised to drink water before we feel thirsty.
These doctors think that health problems such as headaches, high blood pressure and asthma could be helped if people drink more water. They also believe that drinking more water can help people who are overweight. Water contains no calories so it will not make us put on weight. If we drink water, we will probably drink less sugary soft drinks such as Coca-cola. Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating. They say that many people think that they are hungry when they are, in fact, thirsty. Doctors suggest, therefore, that we eat less food and drink more water.
There are still many health problems that cannot be solved by drinking water, so we should not stop going to seeing the doctor completely. However, if we make a decision to drink water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot less often.
63. We need _____for a healthy diet.
A. fibre B. food C. water D. Water and different foods
64. From the text, we know water can carry_________.
A.energy and fibre in our bodies
B.fruit, vegetables and fish in our bodies
C.sugar and fat out of our bodies
D.poisons and waste out of our bodies
65. Lack of water caused people to put on weight too much because_______.
A.they think they are hungry and eat too much
B.they think they are thirsty and eat less
C.water has no calories
D.it makes them hungry
66. Which of the following isn’t mentioned in the passage?
A.Fruit provides us with energy and fibre.
B.Some healthy problems start because of a lack of water.
C.Drinking more water may stop people from overeating.
D.The amount of water a person should drink in a day.
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