In the United States, engineering is a profession(职业) that has been historically under the control of
men. Even today, it"s still true that few women become civil or chemical or mechanical engineers, but that"s
something on www.EngineerGirl.org encouraging girls to change the present situation. Young women who
visit the web site can find out about a great job choice they might not have considered.
"Women are not well represented in engineering and in engineering education programs and then of
course, down the road, in the engineering workforce. So only about 20 percent of engineering
undergraduate degrees (本科文凭) go to women, and then only about nine percent of working engineers
are women."
Mary Mattis, the Nat ional Academy of Engineering, says "we know from the research that
middle-school girls are at a critical point in their lives, and that it"s a time when we need to reach them, so
this website aims to increase their awareness of interesting fields in engineering. On the other hand, it wants
to make them understand what a wonderful produ ctive and exciting job you can have as an engineer."
Engineering is a demanding course of study-there is a lot of science and math, for many girls and even
boys that can be challenging. But Ms. Mattis says that the EngineerGirl website stresses that engineering
can also be fun and exciting.
"It"s about designing things. It"s about changing the world for people. It"s about making a difference.
And, in addition, you can make a good living; you can be independent e conomically by becoming an
engineer. All of those things are messages that girls need to get."
While most engineers go into traditional fields such as mechanical and electrical engineering, the
EngineerGirl site also emphasizes engineering jobs which are related to other fields such as bio-engineering,
sports engineering and -believe it or not-chocolate engineering.
Even if you are not a girl in the target(目标) age group, there"s a lot of interesting information on the
site, including biographies(自传)of some well-known women engineers.
| Title | Website(1)______ Girls to Learn Engineering | | Present(2)_____ for the engineering profession in the USA | The majority of men take up the profession throughout(3) ______, while only a small number of women work as engineers. | | (4)_____ of the website | ▲To increase young women"s(5)_____of interesting fields in engineering.
▲To make them understand what productivity and (6)_____ the job of being engineers can bring them. | (7)___________ of being
engineers | ▲ It can be fun and exciting.
▲ It can(8)_____ the world for people.
▲ You can make a good living.
▲ You can get economic independence by (9) _____ an engineer | | Other fields concerning engineering | Various chances are talked about like bio-engineering and engineering (10) _____ to sports, and even chocolate. |
1. Encourages/ Encouraging
2.situation
3. history
4.Purposes/Aims/Goals/Intentions
5. awareness
6. excitement
7. Benefits/Advantages
8. change
9. becoming
10. related/linked/relevant/attached |
核心考点
试题【任务型阅读。 阅读下面的短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。 注意:每空一词。 In the United St】；主要考察你对 题材分类等知识点的理解。 [详细]举一反三
| 阅读理解。 | Advertising gives useful information about which products to buy. But modern advertising gives more
than news 1 products and services .Today"s advertisements, or ads, try to get consumers to buy certain brands .Writers of advertising are so skillful 2 they can sometimes persuade a consumer _3_(wear) a
certain kind of clothing, eat a special kind of cereal (麦片) ,or see a movie. Consumers might never even want a product if they did not see or hear advertisements for it.
For example, you probably do not need the _4_(new) cereal in the supermarket. There are probably
many cereal brands on your kitchen shelves. You may not have space on your shelf for _5_. But if you
see ads about a new cereal that is your extra - tasty and has a free prize in the box, you may want _6 .
Advertising must get attention. To be 7 (effect), it must be exciting, entertaining, or provide some
pleasure. The secret of writing good advertising copy is to offer _8 good idea as well as a product. The
idea is _9 the advertisement is really selling. One example is an ad that says eating a certain cereal will
make a person do well in sports. That cereal brand may sell better if consumers think it _10_ (offer) strength and energy. | | 填空题。 | Keeping in touch with our friends is an important part of friendship. This does not mean that 1 have
to write or call our friends every day. It does mean, however, that we 2 care enough about our friends
to find out how they are doing from time to time.
People have different habits about keeping in touch with others. Some like to call their friends,
sometimes many times 3 a day. Others prefer to e-mail their friends. Still 4 prefer writing letters so
that they can include photos or interesting articles 5 the envelopes along with their letters. Some even
write postcards while they are on vacation 6 send them to friends.
Every kind of communication is important. It is 7 important what kind of call we make or letter we
send. 8 is important is that we let others know we care about them. | | 完形填空。 | The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital
technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be 1 . Solitude can
be hard to discover 2 it has been given up. In this respect, new
technologies have 3 our culture.
The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) 4 as we"ve known it. People have become
so 5 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 6 they"d rather not be.
Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog (写博客), not only from our 7 , but from our mobile phones as well.
Most developed nations have become 8 on digital technology simply because they"ve grown
accustomed to it, and at this point not 9 it would make them an outsider. 10 , many jobs and careers
require people to be 11 . From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being
reachable might feel like a 12 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.
I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who 13 wants it. Computers
can be shut 14 and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be "connected"and " on"has many
15 , as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up 16 on mountains, and mobile phones have
saved countless lives. They can also make people feel 17 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 18
to unwanted texts.
Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society 19 across generations. Some find today"s
technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyone"s view on the subject, it"s hard to
imagine what life would be like 20 daily advancements in technology. | ( )1. A. updated
( )2. A. though
( )3. A. respected
( )4. A. edge
( )5. A. sensitive
( )6. A. even if
( )7. A. media
( )8. A. bent
( )9. A. finding
( )10. A. Also
( )11. A. connected
( )12. A. pleasure
( )13. A. slightly
( )14. A. out
( )15. A. aspects
( )16. A. hidden
( )17. A. trapped
( )18. A. turn
( )19. A. vary
( )20. A. beyond | B. received
B. until
B. shaped
B. stage
B. intelligent
B. only if
B. computers
B. hard
B. using
B. Instead
B. trained
B. benefit
B. hardly
B. down
B. weaknesses
B. lost
B. excited
B. submit
B. arise
B. within | C. shared
C. once
C. ignored
C. end
C. considerate
C. as if
C. databases
C. keen
C. protecting
C. Otherwise
C. recommended
C. burden
C. merely
C. up
C. advantages
C. relaxed
C. confused
C. object
C. spread
C. despite | D. collected
D. before
D. preserved
D. balance
D. reachable
D. if only
D. monitors
D. dependent
D. changing
D. Somehow
D. interested
D. disappointment
D. really
D. in
D. exceptions
D. deserted
D. amused
D. reply
D. exist
D. without | | 阅读理解。 |  | | | 1. According to the survey, people left alone on a desert island would most want their________. | A. MP3 player
B. dog
C. spouse/ partner
D. celebrity | | 2. Which of the following is true about George Clooney? | A. He has been trained in wilderness survival.
B. He may not be able to help you survive.
C. He does not think Roseane is beautiful.
D. He is the choice of most South African women. | | 3. The survey results are analyzed in terms of the respondents" __________. | A. sex, age and nationality
B. race, nationality and sex
C. marriage, age and race
D. age, sex and marriage | | 阅读理解。 | Franz Kafka wrote that "a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us. "I once
shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn"t seem to require any explanation.
We"d just finished John Steinbeck"s novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together
out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. "Are you
crying?" one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. "I am," I told her, "and
the funny thing is I"ve read it many times."
But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always
going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I"ve taught
kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents
themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand,
more than I ever will, the novel"s terrible logic-the giving way of dreams to fate (命运).
For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works
of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to
my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective
high school-one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan"s upper classes-into a
less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt
uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional "cultural capital" could help students
like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first
time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph. D."s.
Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies,
Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn"t always read from the expected point of view.
About The Red Pony, one student said, "it"s about being a man, it"s about manliness. "I had never
before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth"s soliloquies
(独白) read as raps (说唱), but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once
introduced to Steinbeck"s writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me
repeatedly how amazing it was that "all these people hate each other, and they"re all white." His
historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former
students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the
classes.
Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to
teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text
complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich (充实) the minds of our students by testing them on texts that
ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in
raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it
belongs to them. | | 1. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to ______. | A. realize our dreams
B. give support to our life
C. smooth away difficulties
D. awake our emotions | | 2. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men? | A. Because they spent much time reading it.
B. Because they had read the novel before.
C. Because they came from a public school.
D. Because they had similar life experiences. | | 3. The girl left the selective high school possibly because_______. | A. she was a literary-minded girl
B. her parents were immigrants
C. she couldn"t fit in with her class
D. her father was then in prison | | 4. To the author"s surprise, the students read the novels_______. | A. creatively
B. passively
C. repeatedly
D. carelessly | | 5. The author writes the passage mainly to_______. | A. introduce classic works of literature
B. advocate teaching literature to touch the heart
C. argue for equality among high school students
D. defend the current testing system |
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