题目
题型：同步题难度：来源：
mention recycling.Recycling in the home is very important of course.However, being forced to recycle
often means we already have more material than we need.We are dealing with the results of that_
overcons
umption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring somuch material home in the first place.
The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005.It now makes up a third
of a typical household"s waste in the UK.In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged
twice with plastic and cardboard.
Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment.The UK, for example, is running
out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste.If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases
which go on to cause the greenhouse effect.Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy.The
solution is not to produce such items in the first place.Food waste is a serious problem, too.Too many
supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need.However,a few of them are coming
round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.
But this is not j
ust about supermarkets.It is about all of us.We have learned to associate packagingwith quality.We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality.This is especially true
of food.But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging
than necessary.
There are signs of hope.As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realise just how much
unnecessary material we are collecting.We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture,but we
have a mountain to climb.
1. What does the underlined phrase "that overconsumption" refer to?
A. Using too much packaging.
B. Recycling too many wastes.
C. Making more products than necessary.
D. Having more material than is needed.
2. The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show________.
A. the tendency of cutting household waste
B. the increase of packaging recycling
C. the rapid growth of supermarkets
D. the fact of packaging overuse
3. According to the text,recycling________.
A. helps control the greenhouse effect
B. means burning packaging for energy
C. is the solution to gas shortage
D. leads to a waste of land
4. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality.
B. Supermarkets care more about packaging.
C. it is improper to judge quality by packaging.
D. Other products are better packaged than food.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解 Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and th】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
1.Why do airplanes take longer to fly west than east?, It can take five hours to go westeast from New
York (NY) to London but seven hours to travel eastwest from London to NY.The reason for the
difference is an atmospheric phenomenon known as the jet(喷射) stream.The jet stream is a very high
altitude wind which always blows from the west to the east across the Atlantic.The planes moving at a
constant air speed thus go faster in the westeast direction when they are moving with the wind than in the
opposite direction.
2.What would happen if the gravity on Earth was suddenly turned off?, Supposing we could magically
turn off gravity.Would buildings and other structures (建筑物) float away? What happened would
depend on how strongly the things were attached to the Earth.The Earth is moving at quite a speed,
moving at over a thousand miles per hour.If you turn something around your head on a string(细绳), it
goes around in a circle until you let go of the string.Then it flies off in a straight line."Switching off" gravity
would be like letting go of the string.Things not attached to the Earth would fly off in a straight line.People
in buildings would suddenly shoot upwards at a great speed until they hit the ceiling.Most things outside
would fly off into space.
1. What information can we get from the first passage?
A. It is the jet stream that affects how fast airplanes fly.
B. Planes go slower when they are moving with the wind.
C. It takes more time to fly from NY to London than from London to NY.
D. The jet stream always blows from the east to the west across the Atlantic.
2. The word"shoot"underlined in the 2nd passage probably means"________".
A. send for
B. move quickly
C. come out
D. grow quickly
3. It can be inferred that without gravity________.
A. buildings and other structures would float away
B. trees and buildings would not so easily fly off
C. something around your head would not float away
D. everything outside buildings would fly off into space
4. Where can we most probably read this text?
A. In a research paper.
B. In a short story.
C. In a travel magazine.
D. In a student"s book.
think caused this change in colour? It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from the nearby fields.
Components of Soil
Soil is made up of a number of layers(层),each having its own distinctive colour and texture.The upper
layer is known as the litter.It acts like a blanket, limiting te
mperature changes and reducing water loss.Thetopsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter cal
led humus(腐殖质),which is
black and gives the topsoil its dark colour.This layer is usually rich in nutrients,oxygen,and water.Below the topsoil is the subsoil,a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter.This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus.Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock.
Soil forms from the bottom up.Over time bedrock is attacked by rain, wind,frost, and snow.It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering.Plants begin to grow,and rotten materials enri
ch the topsoil.Most of the soil in Eastern Canada, for example, was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared 12,000 years ago.
Water Beneath the Soil
Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes, ponds, and rivers.Once in the soil or rock,
it is called groundwater.Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation(渗透).
Eventually the
water reaches a layer called the water table.Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate.
As water percolates downward,it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them
to deeper layers.This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth.
Soil pH
Soil can be acidic,neutral,or basic.The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock from which it was formed, and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it.
The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil.By burning fossil fuels such as coal,oil and gasoline,humans have been contr
ibuting to higher levels of acidity in many soils.When fossil fuels are burned, gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain.Acid soil increases the problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels.As nutrients are removed,soil is less fertile.Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil,and also become easily attacked by diseases.1. The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called ________.
A. litter
B. topsoil
C. humus
D. subsoil
2. According to the text, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface.
B. The deeper layer of soil is darker in colour than the surface soil.
C. Air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil.
D. Groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth.
3. We can infer from the passage that the water table lies ______.
A. between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer
B. in the subsoil layer above bedrock
C. betw
een the subsoil layer and bedrockD. in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil
4. The underlined word "dissolve" is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from
soil are ________.
A. rushed away into the river
B. cleaned and purified by water
C. destroyed and carried away by water
D. mixed with water and become part of it
enough. A new study from the University of Essex in Britain has shown that the more friends you
have in school, the more money you"ll earn later.
The idea that popularity could have a serious impact on one"s earning potential shouldn"t come
as too much of a surprise. The researchers noted that if you want to get ahead in life, social skills
and networking are easily as powerful as talent and hard work.
"If a person has lots of friends, it means that he or she has the ability to get along with others in
all kinds of different situations," said Xu Yanchun, 17, from Nantou High School in Shenzhen, who
totally agreed with the recent finding. "Also, friends always help each other. They not only create
wider social circles for you but lift your mood when you occasionally feel depressed," said Xu.
She believed that all this helps you "earn a higher salary"．
Maybe that"s why some people think the younger generations are in the age of friendaholism
(交友狂症). A woman even complained that the networking website Facebook"s 5,000friend
limit was too low for her large reserve of social contacts.
But what does a friend mean? Should friends be regarded as a form of currency?
"Call me uncool, but I think of a friend as an actual person with whom I have an actual history
and whom I enjoy actually seeing. It seems, however, that this is no longer the definition(定义)of
"friend"," said Meghan Daum, who works with The Los Angeles Times in the US.
Daum despised(鄙视)the idea that quantity trumps(胜过)quality in the age of friendaholism. She
thought the idea of friendship, at least among the growing population of Internet social networkers,
was to get as many of notreallyfriends as possible. For example, a friend might be someone you
might know personally but who could just as easily be the friend of a friend of some other Facebook
friends you don"t actually know.
B．Making friends makes you earn more money.
C．Friends give you success.
D．Social skills are important.
B．If you want to win in life, social skills are as important as talent and hard work.
C．The young now have friendaholism.
D．Friends do not create your wider social circles but lift your mood when you occasionally feel
depressed.
B．Making friends can get a lot of money.
C．Making friends can make you work hard.
D．Making friends can improve your ability to work.
B．Subjective.
C．Neutral.
D．Optimistic.
designed to encourage more people to cycle in and around central London.
So how does it work?First you have to sign up to the scheme to be sent a key. The key will unlock
one of the bikes,which are kept at docking stations in and around central London. You have to pay an
access fee for the key and then you pay as you go, for the length of time you use the bike.
Transport for London,which runs the scheme,are hoping to have 6,000 bikes and 400 docking
stations in place by the end of the year. The new hire system is hoping to ease congestion(拥挤)in
London and is expected to create up to 40,000 extra cycle trips a day into the city centre. London
Mayor Boris Johnston launched the scheme and said London had been "filled with thousands of
gleaming machines that will transform the look and feel of our streets and become as commonplace
on our roads as black cabs and red buses"．
However,there have been a few problems since the scheme was launched last Friday. On the first
day some people found they couldn"t dock their bikes properly and their usage of the bikes had not
registered. Transport for London did admit they had been expecting a few "teething problems" and
have said they wouldn"t charge for the first day as a "gesture of goodwill". Some other people have
criticized the lack of docking stations and locks for the bikes as well as the price it costs to hire the
bicycles.
Despite the comments,the greenthinking London Mayor still seems very positive about things,
saying,"My campaign for the capital to become the greatest big cycling city in the world has taken
a big pedalpowered push forwards."
B．encourage the citizens to take exercise
C．deal with the city"s traffic problems
D．increase employment opportunities
b. pay for the key to a bike
c. cycle in and around central London
d. sign up as a member to get a key
A．bdca
B．bcad
C．dcba
D．dbca
B．not registering their usage of the bikes
C．not charging for the first day of the scheme
D．docking the bikes properly
B．the scheme will be cancelled because of the problems
C．all the citizens in London support the scheme
D．the cycling revolution is not successful
day". But it"s easier said than done to stay happy all the time. There are always things that stand in its
way.
The first, perhaps the biggest is genetics. Some scientists say that some people are naturally happier
than others. Besides, major life events as well as social and economic factors can also stand in the way
of happiness, such as losing your job or a family member. Then, there is health affecting your happiness
. So, is it possible that people can find lasting happiness with so many factors preventing them?
Positive psychologists(心理学家)believe it"s possible for people to stay happy for long periods,
although it cannot be lasting. Martin Seligman at University of Pennsylvania argues that daytoday
happiness comes from two things: pleasures and satisfactions. Pleasures are rich experiences that simply
make us feel good things like eating cake or drinking wine. While pleasures can be quite satisfying, the
enjoyment we get from them is shortlived.
Satisfactions are activities that we like to do and we give all we have to them. They are often
challenging, and we have to draw_on personal skills and strengths to perform them. For some people,
satisfactions come with work. Doctors, for example, often become so concentrated in an operation that
hours pass without them noticing the time. For others, it may be hobbies like gardening, playing tennis or
stamp collecting. These satisfactory activities affect the mood in a way that appears to be lasting.
Too often, people choose pleasures over satisfactions because they are easier and the effects are
more immediate. Though pleasures may work for a while, there are bad effects. Pleasurable activities
become less enjoyable if overused. Always choosing pleasures over satisfactions can also prevent people
from developing their personal strengths, which, if they"re not put to work, will die.
B．Three.
C．Four.
D．Five.
B．are more meaningful and last longer
C．are more easily ignored by people
D．depend mostly on one"s genetics
B．find
C．improve
D．use
B．It"s Impossible to Stay Happy Long.
C．Pleasures Are Different From Satisfactions.
D．The Factors That Affect Our Happiness.
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