题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
It is easy to understand the way a culture approaches disagreements by looking at the communication styles in that culture. In societies where open discussion is encouraged, conflict is much more common and accepted. On the other hand, cultures that strive to reduce conflicts and maintain harmony do not see such interaction appropriate, particularly in the workplace.
In Australia, Great Britain, and the United States, for example, disagreements are considered a natural part of communication. People in these countries typically have open and honest discussions, even if people’s differences of opinion lead to confrontation(对抗,对立). In business setting, this may mean debating with a colleague or a supervisor over the approach to a task. Or, co-workers might have a discussion about whether an agenda(议程)item during a meeting is suitable or not. Conflict is not necessarily negative ,though. And many people feel that debating an issue is as rewarding as resolving it. Successful conflict resolution(冲突解决) is also seen as a valuable skill, most people at the management level are expected to be very good at handling conflicts that arise in the workplace.
The Asian style of communication is quite different. In almost parts of eastern Asia, individuals present their ideas and then wait for others to do the same. They prefer to seek agreement from a group without rejecting another’s opinions out loud. In business meetings, subordinates (下级) will hardly disagree openly with their supervisor. This shows respect for supervisor, and it reflects the cultural importance placed on politeness and building harmony and trust.
1. The best title for this passage is ______.
A. Approaching Disagreements B. Differences of Opinion
C. Culture and Communication D. Conflict Resolution
2. In Australia, people would consider disagreement______.
A. a negative part of communication B. necessary in their communication
C. normal and beneficial D. Unimportant in communication
3. Which of the following is true according to the author?
A. Subordinates in the USA don’t try to show their respect in the supervisors.
B. Asian people at management level are not good at handling conflicts.
C. People in Asia always try to avoid conflicts.
D. People in some western countries like to have conflicts.
4. What does the underlined word “harmony” probably mean?
A. Difference B. Agreement C. Respects D. Communication
答案
小题1:C
小题2:C
小题3:C
小题4:B
解析
核心考点
试题【It is easy to understand the way a culture approaches disagreements by looking a】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
One year ago, when Fiona turned four, Sam and I decided to home-school her instead of sending her to pre-school.I have always felt that the 0-5 years are an irreplaceable dreamtime.As Fiona is an inventive, observant child, sensitive and funny and great company, it would be a tragedy to find school rubbing away her uniqueness and restricting the building of her personality.
I tried not to reproduce school at home.I never had the urge to get a chalk, or a blackboard.I didn’t go and search out a curriculum(课程表).I felt that my children would learn best if I stayed accessible (易接近的)and stayed out of their way.
Every day we worked some, relaxed some, read some and played some, but Fiona did not seem particularly happy here.She lost her temper once in a while.
How strange it was that my child who was free from school didn’t want to be free at all.Her friends all went to pre-school.She felt left out of a major part of her friends’ shared lives and experiences.I thought she was not in school for very strong, clear reasons, one of which was that the quality of learning my child did at home would be good, even better than expected.
Well, here was a situation I hadn’t expected.When we first decided to do this, Sam and I agreed that we would reassess(再评价)the situation for each child as she turned seven.Meanwhile we would offer her non-school-based opportunities to give her plenty of time with other kids-ballet lessons and swimming classes.She seemed to be enjoying all.But at times she kept asking when she was going to school.Whenever she asked this question, we told her that there would be a family meeting about it when she turned seven.She nearly always responded, “That’s when I’m going to go, then.” A fair amount of her curiosity was about school and I was afraid she was dreaming of going to school before she turned seven.
Although the advantages of home-schooling, I think, far outweigh its disadvantages, it is important for me to respect my daughter’s feelings and allow her to direct her own education.If her curiosity leads her to school, isn’t that where she should go?
Next week I’ll drive Fiona to her school.I hope that Fiona will learn to read and discover something wonderful to pursue in the world that opens up for her.I hope she will find the school activities provide her with satisfactory kid-time.
1.The writer decided to home-school her daughter, Fiona, because she thought________.
A.children aged 0-5 were too young to go to pre-school
B.Fiona may not be accepted by schools for her bad temper
C.home-schooling was much better than school education
D.children at Fiona’s age were too young to have their characters formed by school
2.In home schooling her daughter the writer tried to_______.
A.make her home just like a school
B.teach with a pointer, a piece of chalk, and a blackboard
C.be there when her child wanted her but tried not to stand in her way
D.teach according to a curriculum, which was suitable for Fiona
3.What was the writer’s biggest problem in home schooling her daughter?
A.She couldn’t decide what to teach and how to teach her daughter
B.She was not sure whether her teaching was suitable for Fiona.
C.She could not make Fiona give up the thought of going to school.
D.She didn’t know how to control Fiona’s temper
4.We can learn from the text that_______.
A.Fiona always acted against her mother’s instructions
B.it was against Fiona’s wish that she was educated at home
C.home-schooling was popular some years ago
D.Fiona’s parents would ask her opinions about school education
In Britain today, is it possible to tell a person’s class just by looking at him? Physical details alone tell us about health, diet and the type of work a person does. A hundred years ago the working class often looked unhealthy, small and they were either too thin or too fat. The upper classes were often tall, sporting types who were used to a good diet and looked healthy. Today living and working conditions have improved, and such descriptions are no longer true. People are taller now than a hundred years ago. Everyone in Britain today is able to have free medicine, a good diet, acceptable working conditions and enough rest and leisure.
The clothes people choose to wear, however, do provide information about their backgrounds. Expensive clothes look expensive and show their wearer is rich. Clothes can provide other clues as well. The upper classes appear to be less interested in fashion and wear good quality clothes in non-bright colours, made of natural material like wool, leather and cotton. Lower working-class people often choose clothes in bright colours, made of man-made materials. A sociological explanation for this would be that colour and interest are missing from their lives, and therefore any opportunity to produce this is taken.
Clothes are available at a price within most people’s reach. New clothes make the wearer feel good and show some degree of wealth to the outside world. Today it is the younger people who spend most money on clothes. Fashion is no longer for the upper classes and the rich. Young people from all social classes spend a lot of money on clothes. Some new fashions are started by working—class people who want to look different and feel important. They want people to look at them.
1. In the past, a person’s appearance could not tell other people about his ________.
A. health B. diet C. occupation D. habits
2. The clothes people choose to wear tell us about their ________.
A. education B. richness C. backgrounds D. hobby
3. A working—class person may start a new fashion because ________.
A. she wants to draw the attention of other people
B. she wants to look different and healthy
C. she wants to show their wealth
D. she wants to show their taste
4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Expensive clothes look expensive and show the wearer is rich.
B. Working—class people prefer clothes in bright colours because they lack colour in their lives.
C. Today, it is still the upper class people who spend most money on clothes.
D. Today, fashion is no longer for the upper classes and the rich.
In my experience, one of the greatest reasons of unhappiness is the difficulty we have in accepting things as they are.When we see something we don’t like, we wish it could be different–we cry out for something better.That may be human nature, or perhaps it’s something that has been grown in our culture.
The root of the unhappiness isn’t that we want things to be different, however, it’s that we decided we didn’t like it in the first place.We’ve judged it as bad, rather than saying, “It’s not bad or good, but it just is.”
Here is an example.I have written a paper, A Beautiful Method to Find Peace of Mind.Quite a few people think it bad after reading it because I think people should expect things to go differently than you planned, and that you should accept that, instead of encouraging people to change themselves or the environment as much as possible.You could accept it as the way the world works–as the way things actually are.And try to understand why that is, and follow it, as it is.
This can be useful to whatever you do: whether it be how other people act at work, how politics works and how depressing the news media can be.Accept these things as they are, and try to understand why they’re that way.
It’ll save you a lot of sadness because you’ll no longer say, “Oh, I wish things didn’t go bad!”
If you really understand what I mean, you can try a different way to live in this world:accept, and understand.It might lead to some interesting results.
1.What is the major reason why we feel unhappy in the writer’s opinion?
A.We are never satisfied with ourselves and the environment around us.
B.When we see something that makes us unhappy, we don’t know what to do.
C.We feel hard to accept the way things happen themselves.
D.No matter how happy we are, we never want to be happy.
2.What do you think the writer may say to himself when he meets something unhappy?
A.How could I have made such a stupid mistake?
B.I should have done better.It’s all my fault.
C.Why is it all against my plan? It can’t be so bad.
D.Well, I know all is what it is meant to be.Take it easy.
3.Why do some people think badly of the writer’s new paper after reading it?
A.The writer hasn’t shown an encouraging attitude in his paper.
B.The writer asks people to try to make things better.
C.The writer reminds the people that things will go exactly as you’ve planned.
D.The writer doesn’t think it a good idea to accept the things go naturally.
4.The statements below are based on the writer’s points of view, EXCEPT_______
A.Unhappiness may be caused by human nature that we always want things to be better.
B.Why we don’t like the thing is that we have regard it as bad in the beginning.
C.The news media shouldn’t be so depressing if the reporters worked harder.
D.The best way to avoid feeling unhappy is to accept the things as they are.
Making greener choices, from the food you eat to the way you travel, can improve your health.A recent article advises people should try low–carbon (低碳) lifestyles which could be the most important contribution to yourself, even the earth.Some guidelines follow:
1.Use your own power rather than oil whenever you can
Burning oil in your car makes pollution like carbon dioxide (CO2) that causes global warming.Cutting down on driving and using your own two legs helps cut global warming pollution and helps reduce weight problems over time without dangerous diets or surgery.
If all Americans used foot instead of engine as daily exercise during normal travel, we could reduce our oil dependence by more than a third.Besides, by using a push mower(剪草机) instead of a power mower to cut your lawn, you can also cut up to 80 pounds of CO2 per year! And you’ll get a great workout!
2.Drop the bottled water, drink tap (自来水)
Drinking plenty of water is important during hot weather or when exercising.You may think bringing bottled water with you can be both convenient and harm-free to the environment.But, you may change your mind if you see the truth below in 2006, 30 billion plastic water bottles were made, which used the amount of more than 17 million barrels(桶)of oil–enough to fuel more than one million cars for a year, and produced more than 2.5 million tons of carbon dioxide.
If you have worries about your tap water, clean it regularly! The truth is that tap water is no worse than bottled water ant it saves much money.
3.Choose foods carefully
There are some general ways you can follow that are good for you and the planet:
a.Eating less meat and more grains and vegetables helps reduce the need to cut down forests to grow the food for animals
b.Buying local food may be environmentally–friendly.Locally grown foods often use much less oil in transport than the foods coming from somewhere far away, which would help reduce CO2 amount.
For more information, you may consult http://www.edf.org/
1.What benefit can people make if they walk more but drive less?
A.More pollution will be made during the process.
B.There will be no obvious effect on reducing the amount of carbon dioxide.
C.Every year, more than 30% of the oil can be saved, which will help weaken global warming.
D.People’s weight will stay the same, and they still need to go on a diet to get thinner.
2.Why should we change our preference to bottled water?
A.Bottled water contains more good things for our health.
B.Tap water is not clean enough for people to drink.
C.Bottled water is more expensive than tap water for its better quality.
D.Tap water is as good as bottled water, which wastes so much resource during its production.
3.If you mean to protect the environment, you will ________.
A.often buy food from foreign countries B.seldom eat meat for dinner
C.usually drive to work and home D.never boil tap water to drink
4.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.Low–carbon lifestyles bring more harm than benefit to nature.
B.Man’s daily life activities have no effect on the changes of the environment.
C.What you eat can not only be good for your health, but also for the health of the earth.
D.The choice of food is completely personal, which won’t be important for nature at all.
Open adj., verb, nounadj.NOT CLOSED1 allowing things or people to go through: A wasp flew in the open window. She had left the door wide open.
2 (of sb’s eyes, mouth, etc.) with eyelids or lips apart: She had difficulty keeping her eyes open (=" because" she was very tired).He was breathing through his open mouth.3 spread out; with the edges apart: The flowers are all open now.
4 not blocked by anything: The pass is kept open all the year.NOT FASTENED5 not fastened or covered, so that things can easily come out or be put in: The bag burst open and everything fell out.
verbDOOR / WINDOW / LID1 [vn] to move a door, window, lid, etc.so that it is no longer closed: Mr Chen opened the car door for his wife. close2 [v] to move or be moved so that it is no longer closed: The door opened and Alan walked in. The doors of the bus open automatically.closeCONTAINER / PACKAGE3 [vn] to remove the lid, undo the fastening, etc.of a container, etc.in order to see or get what is inside: Shall I open another bottle? She opened her bag and took out her passport.EYES4 [vn, v] if you open your eyes or your eyes open, you move your eyelids upwards so that you can see closeCOMPUTING5 [vn, v] to start a computer program or file so that you can use it on the screenopen doors for sb to provide opportunities for sb to do sth and be successful open your / sb’s eyes (to sth) to realize or make sb realize the truth about sth: Travelling really opens your eyes to other cultures.open your / sb’s mind to sth to become or make sb aware of new ideas or experiences.
open the way for sb/sth (to do sth) to make it possible for sb to do sth or for sth to happen: The agreement could open the way for the country to pay off its debts.—more at heart, heaven open into / onto sth to lead to another room, area or place: This door opens onto the yard. The two rooms open into each other.open out to become bigger or wider: The street opened out into a small square.open out (to sb) to become less shy and more willing to communicate open up1 to talk about what you feel and think: It helps to discuss your problems but I find it hard to open up.2 to begin shooting: Anti-aircraft guns opened up.3 (often used in orders) to open a door, container, etc.: Open up or we’ll break the door down! open up1 to become or make sth possible, available or able to be reached: The new catalogue will open up the market for our products. The railway opened up the east of the country.
2 to begin business for the day; to start a new business: I open up the store for the day at around 8.30. close up3 to start a new business: There’s a new Thai restaurant opening up in town. close down
noun the open [sing.] OUTDOORS1 outdoors; the countryside: Children need to play out in the open.NOT HIDDEN2 not hidden or secret: Government officials do not want these comments in the open.
1.Which of the following “open” is closest in the meaning with the “open” in the sentence “The book lay open on the table.”
A.She had left the door wide open.
B.The bag burst open and everything fell out.
C.The flowers are all open now.
D.He opened the letter and read it.
2.Fill in the blank in the sentence “He’s eager to __________different kinds of music.”
A.open the minds of his audience to
B.open the eyes of his audience to
C.open the way for his audience to listen to
D.open doors for his audience to listen to
3.What does the phrase “ the open” mean in “ When you feel tired after a day’s hard work, you’d better invite some friends to the open to relax yourself.”
A.the gym B.the cinema C.the countryside D.the music room
4.Choose one of the following to complete the sentence, “Exciting possibilities__________for her in the new job”.
A.were opening out B.were opening into
C.were opening onto D.were opening up
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