题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
If you like to hike during the warm months, you’ll probably like to hike in the winter. The landscape changes completely from summer to fall to winter, and the snow can make for some really beautiful photos. Be sure to bring your camera with you to capture all the awesome scenery. Because it’s cold out, you also have the added benefit of not sweating too much through your clothes, and it’s a great excuse to grab some hot chocolate when you finish your hike.
Cross-country skiing
Cross-country skiing is great exercise and a great way to see the winter scenery at the same time. If you’ve never done cross-country skiing before, be sure to check with an expert before trying it yourself. Knowing what to expect can keep you safe and prevent an injury.
Snowball fighting
Everyone remembers going outside, building a snow fort(城堡),and having snowball fights when they were kids. The fun doesn’t have to stop when you’re an adult! Go outside with your friends, build a fort and start throwing snowballs at each other. If you have kids, get them in on the action. Throwing snowballs is a great way to use some extra energy and can be really fun for the whole family.
Bird-watching
Lots of birds migrate during the winter months, and these quiet, cold hours can be a great time to see them like never before. Eagles, for example, migrate through central Illinois in February, and watching them fly through Starved Rock State Park is a breathtaking sight. Check your local parks to find out what birds you can see in your area and get out there to see them.
小题1:What does the passage mainly talk about?
| A．Outdoor winter activities |
| B．Popular winter sports around the world |
| C．Fun winter activities for children |
| D．Best ways to enjoy winter scenery. |
| A．try to do it on their own |
| B．ask an expert for advice |
| C．take a camera with them |
| D．take a rest whenever possible |
| A．Hiking | B．Cross-country skiing |
| C．Snowball fighting | D．Bird-watching |
| A．It’s the largest natural park in Illinois. |
| B．It’s a good place for bird-watching. |
| C．It’s well-known for its strange animals. |
| D．It is home to a lot of birds. |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:B
解析
试题分析：本文叙述了人们在冬天时，可以出去徒步旅行，并介绍了三种形式的活动。一是越野滑雪。并提醒你如果你是第一次去一定要咨询一下专业人士的意见。二是打雪仗，这是小孩和成年人都可以做的游戏。三是观鸟，冬天是鸟迁移的时候，也是观鸟的最好季节，并指出Starved Rock State Park是最佳观测点。
小题1:这是主旨大意题。根据本文的题目Hiking 及每一段的小标题可知应选A。
小题2:这是细节理解题。根据be sure to check with an expert before trying it yourself. Knowing what to expect can keep you safe and prevent an injury.故选B。
小题3:这是细节理解题。根据having snowball fights when they were kids.故选C。
小题4:这是细节理解题。根据watching them fly through Starved Rock State Park is a breathtaking sight.故选B。
点评：概括大意这种题型的实质是让考生给每段文字“命”一个小标题。而要“命”出这个标题来就必须确定每段文字的主题思想。如何确定文章和主题思想？考虑一下人们的写作和逻辑思维过程，这个问题就容易回答了。
核心考点
试题【HikingIf you like to hike during the warm months, you’ll probably like to hike i】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
l Familiarize yourself with the city’s boroughs and specifically the area where you will be staying. You can use a street map, or an online map search engine, to establish where in the city you will be staying and the distance you are from the major tourist attractions you want to visit.
l Find a local provider of Transport for London tickets or travel cards, since your first bargain purchase will be an Oyster Card. Traveling around London with an Oyster Card will give you access to the cheapest option of transportation methods and the Oyster Card is accepted citywide on buses, boats and the London Underground, known by the locals as “the tube”.
l Seek out your nearest Tube Station. The Tube is the cheapest and most reliable form of transportation and runs from around 6 a.m. until around 1 a.m. ..., depending on the line or the station.
There are 287 tube stations in London that accept the Oyster Card, with a high concentration in central London. If you are staying anywhere in central London, there will be a tube station less than 10 minutes away.
The Transport for London website offers a tube station search facility to find the nearest subway station to any location in the city. When you find a tube station, you can easily locate the closest bus stop by using the comparison bus-tube maps at the station’s entrance.
l Follow the Transport for London Tube Guide to your destinations and always plan ahead. Making a plan for transport will save you unnecessary expenses, wasted trips on the tube and doubling back on your journey .
小题1:What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
| A．To introduce the public transport system in London. |
| B．To show readers how to use the Oyster Card. |
| C．To prove the subway in London is easy to use. |
| D．To offer tips for saving transport costs in London. |
| A．Trying different transportation methods. |
| B．Taking buses as much as possible. |
| C．Traveling with an Oyster Card. |
| D．Making a plan before your journey. |
| A．identify their own location | B．locate the nearest bus station |
| C．find the nearest subway station | D．use an online map to avoid getting lost |
| A．the subway is the cheapest means of transport in London. |
| B．only Tube stations in Central London accept Oyster Card. |
| C．subway lines in London run no less than 19 hours a day. |
| D．the transfer from subway to bus is very convenient. |
When they are back home again, one family member admits that she hasn’t enjoyed herself all that much. One by one they all confess that they would rather have stayed at home. “I only went along with it because I thought the rest of you wanted to go,” says everyone. No one wanted to go to Abilene. It had just happened.
This story was first told by Professor Jerry Harvey in an article published in 1974 called The Abilene Paradox (悖论) and other meditations on management. It offers a wonderful insight into the way that decisions can sometimes just emerge, without ever being consciously “made”.
Whether they mean to or not, groups exert a pressure to conform (顺从). A senior management team can find itself a long way down the track to a bad decision without realizing that the idea has very little support around the table.
Close-knit (组织严密的) teams are easily influenced by the pull of groupthink. The late Professor Janis suggested several ways in which teams can avoid it. Two key steps are to invite experts from outside into meetings, and to appoint at least one person to the role of “devil’s advocate” — a role that should be played by different people in different meetings.
小题1:The four family members have decided to go on a four-hour round-trip to the town of Abilene because _______.
| A．they really like the restaurant they are going to |
| B．they are tired of the game they have been playing |
| C．they have not been to Abilene for a long time |
| D．everyone thinks all the other family members want to go |
| A．they have not really trusted each other |
| B．they have all enjoyed the trip except one family member |
| C．they would have had a better time if they had stayed at home |
| D．they have all had a good time although none of them wanted to go |
| A．the idea has the support of everyone around the table |
| B．everyone on the team is too tired to think clearly |
| C．the group puts a pressure to conform |
| D．they understand what each member means |
| A．the pull of groupthink can be avoided |
| B．each member will play a different role |
| C．team members can agree with each other more easily |
| D．experts from the outside can be invited into meetings |
The temperature of your body should be always just the same, no matter whether the weather is hot or cold. That is why the doctor uses his thermometer （温度计）when your are sick.
The body keeps the same temperature all the time ,because it balances the heat it produces and it gives off. It is always burning up food and , producing heat. It can produce heat faster when it needs to give off heat than when it becomes too warm. Let’s see how this happen.
The heat of your body is given off mainly through the skin. When you are cold, your skin is tight and shows “good flesh”. When you get chilly, you must dance around to keep warm or else you will shiver. Then your muscles begin to work, burn up fuel, and produce more heat. It is not pleasant to shiver, so you usually prefer to warm up by exercise, or put on more clothes to keep heat in.
When you are warm, the skin is loose and soft. It is so supplied with blood that heat is given off rapidly. If you get too warm, you begin to sweat ,and more body heat is used in evaporating the moisture（水蒸气） from your skin. You wear less clothing, too, in warm weather or warm room, so that warm can be given off freely. You feel less like exercising because your body is warm already, and the extra heat produced by exercise makes you uncomfortable.
You can see from the way you feel differently in different kinds of weather. In summer, when it is warm, you feel tired and lazy. You do not care to work or play, but enjoy lying and doing nothing. When you get out of doors in winter, the cold air makes you feel lively. You want to play.
小题1:Which is another title suitable of the passage?
| A．The Patients’ Temperature |
| B．The Body Temperature Should Always Be the Same |
| C．The Body Temperature |
| D．The Temperature and Your Skin |
| A．It is always producing heat from food. |
| B．It gives off the heat produced in it. |
| C．It balances the heat it gets and loses. |
| D．It stops producing heat when necessary. |
| A．His skin becomes tight in order to keep warm. |
| B．He does exercises to make his muscle produce more heat. |
| C．He puts on more clothes to keep heat in. |
| D．He keeps shivering to produce more heat. |
| A．work | B．play | C．do exercise | D．relax and do nothing |
If you go to sleep on your back, you are a very open person. You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideas. You don"t like to upset people, so you never express your real feeling. You are quiet, shy and you aren’t very confident.
If you sleep on your stomach, you are a rather secretive person. You worry a lot and you are always easily upset. You"re very stubborn(顽固的), but you aren’t very ambitious(有野心的). You usually live for today, not tomorrow. This means that you enjoy having a good time.
If you sleep curled(卷曲) up, you are probably a very nervous person. You have a low opinion of yourself, so you are often defensive. You are shy and you don"t normally like meeting people. You prefer to be on your own. You are easily hurt.
If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well-balanced(通情达理的) personality. You know your strengths and weaknesses. You are usually careful. You have a confident personality. You sometimes feel anxious, but you don"t often get depressed(沮丧的). You always say what you think even if it annoys people.
小题1:What would be the best title for the passage?
| A．Two personalities. |
| B．Proper sleeping positions. |
| C．Sleeping positions and personalities. |
| D．Ways to tell your real personalities. |
| A．you are awake |
| B．you are asleep |
| C．you can"t control your behaviour |
| D．you change your sleeping position |
| A．Well-balanced. | B．Careful. |
| C．Selfish. | D．Anxious sometimes. |
| A．on your back | B．curled up |
| C．on your stomach | D．on your side |
Around 2 pm every Thanksgiving Day, family members seat themselves around the kitchen table. Plates of turkey, vegetables, salad, rolls and pies cover it. At this point, we can hardly keep ourselves from drooling (流口水) all over our fancy clothes, but it’s not yet time to eat.
First, we must bow our heads, close our eyes and say a prayer of thanks aloud to God for giving us everything we have. Under normal circumstances, I would have no problem making a list of things I am thankful for. I grew up in a loving family. My parents, who aren’t wealthy, took out loans to help me pay for university.
But, the funny thing is, every time I sit down for Thanksgiving dinner and try to say a prayer of thanks, my mind usually goes blank. I think it has something to do with my growling (咕咕叫) stomach and all of that food sitting right there under my nose.
Eventually, though, we all finish our short prayers and dig in. To be sure, the day includes other highlights – visiting with family and watching football. But usually around 6 pm we are all ourselves stuffed like turkeys and thankful to have a nice warm bed to sleep in.
小题1:The purpose of the text is to ________.
| A．tell what the family do for Thanksgiving Day |
| B．tell how the family spends Thanksgiving Day |
| C．introduce foods served on Thanksgiving Day |
| D．introduce the American Thanksgiving Day |
| A．watching a movie | B．making visits |
| C．having a big meal | D．watching football |
| A．He is too thankful to say a word. | B．His mind is on the food before him. |
| C．He feels too excited to speak. | D．He is shy to speak in public. |
| A．chat with others | B．make a hole |
| C．mix things up | D．start eating |
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