We’re surrounded by chemistry in everyday life. Sometimes it is easy to see, like when your science teacher does a big experiment in class. At other times, it can be pretty hard to see everyday chemistry at work, but nearly everything you touch or use has some element of chemistry in it.
Something as simple as toothpaste contains at least three chemicals, if not more. It is the mixture of them and its chemical reaction that keeps your teeth clean. Other things you use every day are created by chemistry, such as hair products, shampoo and soap. Adding detergent (洗涤剂) to water involves chemistry. Without chemistry, we would never have known that we need soap to get the oil out of clothes or skin. Chemistry not only helps us make products for use, but it also helps us understand the world around us. Chemistry helps us understand what the ozone layer (臭氧层) is and how it protects us. Chemistry also gives us sunscreen to protect us from the sun. Thanks to chemistry, we know bleach (漂白剂) can’t be mixed with vinegar(醋), because it can produce poisonous gas.Without chemistry, we wouldn’t have fireworks displays on important days.
Chemistry plays a big role in food preparation. Cooking food causes it to go through a chemical change. That is why cooked food often tastes different from raw food. Baking is a great example of chemistry. Too much or too little of any ingredient（成分，尤指烹饪） makes a difference to the result of baking, for example, the dough (面团) won’t rise or the cake will be flat.
Chemistry isn’t something that just lives in a lab; it’s something that you meet hundreds of times every day. Knowing how chemistry works will give you a greater understanding of the science behind some of the simplest-looking things.
小题1:What’s the main idea of Paragraph 1?| A．Chemistry is easy to see around us. | | B．Sometimes chemistry is hard to see around us. | | C．How a science teacher does a big experiment. | | D．Few things in everyday life contain chemistry. |
小题2:The following actions are about chemistry EXCEPT _____.| A．cleaning teeth with toothpaste | | B．washing hair with hair products | | C．using soap to get the oil out of clothes | | D．washing your face with water |
小题3:The underlined word “poisonous” in Paragraph 3 means _____.| A．harmful | B．healthy | C．fresh | D．pleasant |
小题4:Which one is TRUE according to Paragraph 4?| A．One can’t find chemistry when cooking food. | | B．Chemistry plays an important part in food mak-ing. | | C．That dough rises is nothing to do with chemistry. | | D．A flat cake is the result of too many ingredients. |
小题5:Which of the following would be the best title for the text?| A．Chemistry Around the House | | B．Chemistry in Science | | C．Chemistry for Dinner | | D．Chemistry in everyday life |
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小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:D |
试题分析：本文叙述了在人们的日常生活中化学无时不在无处不在，文中举了一些例子，了解化学能够帮助我们理解我们的生活中的一些自然现象。我们的生活离不开化学。
小题1:这是概括大意题。根据At other times, it can be pretty hard to see everyday chemistry at work,这是本段的中心句，故选B。
小题2:这是细节理解题。根据Something as simple as toothpaste contains at least three chemicals 和Other things you use every day are created by chemistry, such as hair products, shampoo and soap.水里没有化学物质，故选D。
小题3:这是词义猜测题。根据Thanks to chemistry, we know bleach (漂白剂) can’t be mixed with vinegar(醋), because it can produce poisonous gas 两者不能想混说明混合在一起会发生反应而产生对身体不利的东西，故选A。
小题4:这是细节理解题。根据Chemistry plays a big role in food preparation 故选B。
小题5:这是标题归纳题。根据We’re surrounded by chemistry in everyday life.从短文的首句及整篇短文来看，本文叙述的是日常生活中的化学，故选D。
点评：概括大意这种题型的实质是让考生给每段文字“命”一个小标题。而要“命”出这个标题来就必须确定每段文字的主题思想。如何确定文章和主题思想？考虑一下人们的写作和逻辑思维过程，这个问题就容易回答了。 |
核心考点
试题【We’re surrounded by chemistry in everyday life. Sometimes it is easy to see, lik】；主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
People do not analyze every problem they meet．Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a 36 problem．They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people．Other times they begin to act without thinking; they try to find a solution by trial and error． 37 , when all of these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing．There are six 38 in analyzing a problem．
First the person must recognize that there is a problem．For example, Sam"s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does．Sam must 39 that there is a problem with his bicycle．
Next the person must 40 the problem．Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work．For example, he must 41 the parts that are wrong．
Now the person must look for 42 that will make the problem clearer and lead to 43 solutions．For example, suppose Sam decides that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes． 44 , he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, 45 his friends at the bike shop, or look at his brakes carefully．
After 46 the problem, the person should have 47 suggestions for a possible solution．Take Sam as an example 48 , his suggestions might be: tighten or loosen the brakes; buy new brakes and change the old ones．
In the end, one 49 seems to be the solution to the problem．Sometimes the 50 idea comes quite 51 because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a 52 way．Sam, for example, suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum（口香糖）stuck to a brake．He 53 hits on the solution to his problem: he must 54 the brake．
Finally the solution is 55 ．Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly．In short, he has solved the problem．
| 小题1: | | A．usual | B．serious | C．similar | D．common |
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| 小题2: | | A．Instead | B．Besides | C．Otherwise | D．However |
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| 小题3: | | A．conditions | B．ways | C．stages | D．orders |
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| 小题4: | | A．prove | B．explain | C．show | D．see |
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| 小题5: | | A．find | B．judge | C．describe | D．face |
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| 小题6: | | A．determine | B．check | C．correct | D．recover |
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| 小题7: | | A．skills | B．answers | C．explanation | D．information |
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| 小题8: | | A．exact | B．possible | C．real | D．special |
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| 小题9: | | A．Once in a while | B．In other words | C．First of all | D．At this time |
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| 小题10: | | A．talk to | B．look for | C．agree with | D．depend on |
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| 小题11: | | A．settling down | B．discussing | C．comparing with | D．studying |
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| 小题12: | | A．enough | B．extra | C．several | D．countless |
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| 小题13: | | A．again | B．secondly | C．also | D．alone |
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| 小题14: | | A．conclusion | B．suggestion | C．decision | D．discovery |
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| 小题15: | | A．clear | B．next | C．final | D．new |
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| 小题16: | | A．late | B．unexpectedly | C．clearly | D．often |
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| 小题17: | | A．different | B．simple | C．quick | D．sudden |
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| 小题18: | | A．easily | B．fortunately | C．clearly | D．immediately |
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| 小题19: | | A．separate | B．clean | C．loosen | D．remove |
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| 小题20: | | A．completed | B．recorded | C．tested | D．accepted |
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“Old wives’ tales” are beliefs passed from one generation to another. For example, most of us remember our parents’ telling us to eat more of certain foods or not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time.
Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration. Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic(蒜) is good for you, too. It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.
Unfortunately, not all of Mom’s advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems? Well, yes and no. Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.
Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don’t hold water, there is still a lot of truth in the old wives’ tales. After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated(积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care. We should respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific support to prove it true or false.
小题1:The author develops the third paragraph mainly .| A．by cause and effect | B．by order in space | | C．by examples | D．by order in time |
小题2:Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?| A．Eating garlic is good for our eyes. | | B．Carrots prevent people from catching colds. | | C．Swimming after a meal is dangerous. | | D．Sticky sweets are damaging to our teeth. |
小题3:What is the author’s attitude toward “old wives’ tales” in the text?| A．Objective. | B．Subjective. | C．Dissatisfied. | D．Curious. |
小题4:The phrase “hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means “ .”| A．to be valuable | B．to be believable | | C．to be admirable | D．to be suitable |
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Sports play an important role in British life. The most popular sport is football. Cricket is also popular in England, but is less important in the other home nations. Rugby union and rugby league are the other major team sports. Tennis is the most important sport for the two weeks of the Wimbledon Championships(温布尔登网球锦标赛)
Football
The modern global game of football developed from traditional British football games in the 19th century. Club football is organized separately in each of the home nations. English football has a league system which combines thousands of clubs. Scotland has a similar but smaller club football structure. The top level league in Wales is the league of Wales. In Northern Ireland the main league is the Irish Football League.
Each season the most successful clubs from each of the home nations qualify for(使…具有…的资格) the two Europe wide club competitions organized by UEFA(欧足联), the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Cup.
Cricket
Cricket was invented in England. It is regarded as England’s national summer game and it is probably the second most widely covered sport.
There are eighteen professional country clubs, seventeen of them in England and one in Wales. Each summer the country clubs compete in the first class Country Championship, which consist of two leagues of nine teams and in which matches are played over four days.
Rugby
Like football, rugby union and rugby league both developed from traditional British football games in the 19th century. For much of the 20th century there was great antagonism between rugby leagues, which was a mainly working class game based in the industrial areas of northern England, and rugby union, which is a mainly middle class game in England, and is also popular in the other home nations.
Tennis
Tennis is yet another sport which originated in the United Kingdom and the governing body of the sport is the LTA(草地网球协会). However, no British man has won Wimbledon since 1936 and no British woman since 1977. The only British players of either sex to reach the world top 50 in recent years are Greg Rusedski, who learnt his tennis in Canada, and Tim Henman and Andrew Murray ,who did not pass through the LTA system either.
小题1:What do we know about football?| A．The top clubs represent the UK in the two Europe competitions. | | B．Football is a newly-invented game in England | | C．The top level league in England is the Irish Football League | | D．Club football is an organized union in the UK. |
小题2:From the passage we can learn .| A．There exist all professional county clubs in England. | | B．Rugby leagues was enjoyed by middle class | | C．Tennis is in the charge of LTA | | D．Greg Rusedski did not pass through the LTA system. |
小题3:The underlined “antagonisim” in the sixth paragraph probably means .| A．preference | B．friendliness | C．similarity | D．opposition |
小题4:From what can we read the passage?| A．tour guidebook | B．book review | | C．news report | D．news magzine |
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My problems started after I went to a boarding(寄宿) school. I was only 14, and at first I misses my family a lot. I often called them and cried on the phone. But after two weeks, I found I enjoyed being with my classmates at school. I had many friends who were boys. I thought of them as my best friends – but only friends. I never guessed my friendships with boys would become a problem.
Then, three months later, my friends told me that some teachers and girls said I was hanging out with boys all day long in order to get attention from them. Seven months after that, the head teacher Mr. Wang asked the class to choose some students to join the Student Union. I thought I could win for I was doing well in school. I’d already won prizes for the best math and English exams. A week later, the list came out and it didn’t include me. I was sad.
Mr. Wang came to me and said, “Don’t be sad. I know you’re excellent! Maybe you are a little distant from the girls in our class. They don’t know much about you, so some of them didn’t choose you. It doesn’t matter. Do your best to get along well with everyone and I think you’ll make it next time.”
小题1:What was the writer’s problem when she first entered the boarding school?| A．She didn’t like her new school. | | B．She didn’t get along well with her classmates. | | C．She missed her family very much. | | D．She didn’t like her new teacher. |
小题2:Many of the writer’s friends in her new school were _______.| A．teachers | B．boys | C．girls | D．women |
小题3:Why did the writer fail to join the Student Union?| A．Her teachers didn’t like her. | | B．She was a poor student. | | C．Some girls didn’t choose her. | | D．She likes showing off herself. |
小题4:The underlined word “distant” means “______” in English.| A．estranged(疏远的) | B．aggressive(好斗的) | | C．warm-hearted | D．rude |
小题5:Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?| A．The writer won prizes for the best science and English exams. | | B．The writer didn’t realize that her friendships with boys would cause problems. | | C．The writer was sad because she failed to join the Student Union. | | D．The teacher thought she was an excellent student. |
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It’s a natural phenomenon. The minute you think you want to buy something new, you go online to read reviews about it. Not only is this done with shopping, it’s also done for movies to see , restaurants to go to and almost everything that is worth having an opinion on. The concept of writing down a review for all to see is something that has caused the birth of reviews sites. These are sites where people post reviews on other people, services, businesses, products and more.
In some cases you have professionals do the review and in some other cases you will have the average person write it up. Review sites have a number of ways in which they can gain revenue for themselves in the form of advertising. In some cases, a business can pay his way through to a better listing spot. This does not mean that a positive review will be promoted where it is not warranted (担保).
Review sites are largely a public forum and it is not necessary for people to reveal their identity. Since people are anonymous (匿名的) and sign up access is open to all, there are chances that reviews will be planted or will be negatively written simply to discredit a particular product or service.
There is a lot of criticism towards these websites since they do nothing to control the kind of entries made or the source of these entries. On the other hand, there are professional review sites. These people are accountable for each of their reviews. Any doubts you have will be addressed personally by the one writing the review. Such sites work on much better principles allowing for a fair opinion.
Considering they have a better reputation, they are aware of some the latest products that are released worldwide. This gives you a better chance of finding reviews of the latest product. While a review site will help you narrow down your choice, it by no means should influence your final decision. That is based entirely on the way you see fit.
小题1:Nowadays, before buying something, people usually ________.| A．ask the opinion of others | B．surf famous review sites. | | C．ignore topics of review sites. | D．read reviews on the Internet. |
小题2:The underlined word “revenue” in Paragraph 2 probably means”______”.| A．the announcement posted by sites | | B．the income earned from sales or services | | C．the freedom of writing reviews | | D．the program made by advertisement companies |
小题3:What do we know about the professional reviews sites?| A．The reviews on the sites are written mainly by professors. | | B．Those who write the reviews on the sites are serious sometimes. | | C．The reviewer addresses your doubt personally for you. | | D．The reviewers on the sites are ready to write to you if you like. |
小题4:This passage was written mainly to tell us________.| A．to make good use of review sites | | B．to consult something with reviewers | | C．not to make a decision before reading reviews | | D．not to believe some review sites |
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